Slope Stability and Deformation Analysis of Bangalore MSW Landfills Using Constitutive Model
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 16, Issue 4
Abstract
Landfill stability and deformation analysis is one of the most important concerns in the design and operation of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. Estimation of landfill capacities based on the deformation characteristics of MSW assumes considerable significance in the estimation of additional landfill capacity before closure. In such analysis, it is important to consider mechanisms that occur in the MSW system, such as primary compression, time-dependent mechanical creep, and biodegradation effects. In this article, a simple case of landfill slope representing the MSW landfill of Bangalore city is considered, and the results of a stability and deformation analysis based on the constitutive modeling approach are presented. The implications for the slope stability and deformation response of MSW for a 5-m-high landfill cell are explained in terms of vertical and horizontal deformations, volume changes, and factors of safety, considering the effects of loading, mechanical degradation, and biodegradation. The effects of time on the strength and stability of the landfill cell are also observed. The study shows that analysis using the constitutive modeling approach provides useful insights for landfill operations. The model predicts that the effect of different mechanisms in a MSW landfill is to increase the overall stability of the landfill with time, and the horizontal and vertical deformations help in estimating landfill volume changes. The influence of lift thickness on the stability and performance of the landfill is also studied.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the reviewers for their constructive comments, which have been useful in revising the original manuscript. The results presented in this paper are part of the research project Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Characteristics of Typical Landfill in Bangalore, sponsored by the Centre for Infrastructure, Sustainable Planning and Urban Planning (CiSTUP), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. The authors thank CiSTUP for financial assistance.
References
Bjarngard, A., and Edgers, L. (1990) “Settlement of municipal solid waste landfills.” Proc., 13th Annual Madison Waste Conf., Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 192–205.
Bleiker, D. E., Farquhar, G., and McBean, E. (1995). “Landfill settlement and the impact on site capacity and refuse hydraulic conductivity.” Waste Manage. Res., 13(5), 533–554.
Carvalho, M. F. (1999). “Geotechnical behavior of municipal solid waste.” Ph.D. thesis, Sao Paulo Univ., Sao Carlos, Brazil (in Portuguese).
Chouksey, S. K. (2013). “Strength and deformation behaviour of municipal solid waste based on constitutive model approach.” Ph.D. thesis, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India.
Chouksey, S. K., and Babu, G. (2014). “Constitutive model for strength characteristics of municipal solid waste.” Int. J. Geomech., 04014040.
Coumoulus, D. G., and Koryalos, T. P. (1997). “Prediction of attenuation of landfill settlement rates with time.” Proc., 14th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Vol. 3, ISSMFE, Hamburg, Germany, 1807–1811.
Deutsch, W. L., Esterly, O. R., and Vitale, J. (1994). “Modeling settlements of an existing municipal solid waste landfill sideslope using an earthen surcharge pile.” Settlement 1994: Vertical and horizontal deformations of foundations and embankments, Geotechnical special publication 40, Vol. 2, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1135–1148.
Edgers, L., Noble, J. J., and Williams, E. (1992). “A biologic model for long-term settlement in landfills.” Environmental geotechnology, M. A., Usmen and Y. B., Acar, eds., A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 177–184.
Edil, T. B., Ranguette, V. J., and Wuellner, W. W. (1990). “Settlement of municipal refuse.” Geotechnics of waste fills—Theory and practice, ASTM STP 1070, A., Landva and D., Knowles, eds., ASTM, West Conshohocken, PA, 225–239.
FLAC 2D 5.0 [Computer software]. ITASCA Consulting Group, Inc., Minneapolis.
Gabr, M. A., Hossain, M. S., and Barlaz, M. A. (2000). “Solid waste settlement with leachate recirculation.” Geotech. News, 18(2), 50–55.
Gibson, R. E., and Lo, K. Y. (1961). “A theory of consolidation for soils exhibiting secondary compression.” Publication No. 41, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Oslo, Norway.
Hossain, M. S., and Gabr, M. A. (2005). “Prediction of municipal solid waste landfill settlement with leachate recirculation.” Proc., Geo-Frontiers 2005, ASCE, Reston, VA, 1–14.
Hossain, M. S., Gabr, M. A., and Barlaz, M. A. (2003). “Relationship of compressibility parameters to municipal solid waste decomposition.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 1151–1158.
Hossain, M. S, and Haque, M. A. (2009a). “The effects of daily cover soils on shear strength of municipal solid waste in bioreactor landfills.” Waste Manage. (Oxford), 29(5),1568–1576.
Hossain, M. S., and Haque, M. A. (2009b). “Stability analyses of municipal solid waste landfills with decomposition.” Geotech. Geol. Eng., 27(6), 659–666.
Ling, H. I., Leshchinsky, D., Mohri, Y., and Kawabata, T. (1998). “Estimation of municipal solid waste landfill settlement.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 21–28.
Liu, C. N., Chen, R. H., and Chen, K. S. (2006). “Unsaturated consolidation theory for the prediction of long-term municipal solid waste landfill settlement.” Waste Manage. Res., 24(1), 80–91.
Machado, S. L., Carvalho, M. F., and Vilar, O. M. (2002). “Constitutive model for municipal solid waste.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 940–951.
Machado, S. L., Vilar, O. M., and Carvalho, M. F. (2008). “Constitutive model for long-term municipal solid waste mechanical behavior.” Comput. Geotech., 35(5), 775–790.
Marques, A. C. M., Filz, G. M., and Vilar, O. M. (2003). “Composite compressibility model for municipal solid waste.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 372–378.
Morris, D. V., and Woods, C. E. (1990). “Settlement and engineering considerations in landfill and final cover design.” Geotechnics of waste fills—Theory and practice, ASTM STP 1070, A. Landva and D. Knowles, eds., ASTM, Philadelphia, PA, 9–21.
Oweis, I. S. (2006). “Estimate of landfill settlements due to mechanical and decompositional process.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 644–650.
Park, H. I., and Lee, S. R. (1997). “Long-term settlement behavior of landfills with refuse decomposition.” J. Resour. Manage. Technol., 24(4), 159–165.
Reddy, K. R., Hettiarachchi, H., Parakalla, N. S., Gangathulasi, J., and Bogner, J. E. (2009a). “Geotechnical properties of fresh municipal solid waste at Orchard Hills Landfill, USA.” Waste Manage. (Oxford), 2(2), 952–959.
Reddy, K. R., Hettiarachchi, H., Parakalla, N., Gangathulasi, J., Bogner, J. E., and Lagier, T. (2009b). “Geotechnical properties of landfilled municipal solid waste under short-term leachate recirculation operations.” Waste Manage. (Oxford), 27(6), 578–587.
Sanchez-Alciturri, J. M., Palma, J., Sagaseta, C., and Canizal, J. (1995). “Three years of deformation monitoring at Meruelo landfill.” Proc., GREEN 3, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 365–371.
Savoikar, P., and Choudhury, D. (2012). “Translational seismic failure analysis of MSW landfills using pseudodynamic approach.” Int. J. Geomech., 136–146.
Sivakumar Babu, G. L., and Lakshmikanthan., P. (2014). “Estimation of the components of municipal solid waste settlements.” Waste Manage. Res., 33(1), 30–38.
Sivakumar Babu, G. L., Reddy, K. R., and Chouksey, S. K. (2010a). “Constitutive model for municipal solid waste incorporating mechanical creep and biodegradation-induced compression.” Waste Manage. (Oxford), 30(1), 11–22.
Sivakumar Babu, G. L., Reddy, K. R., and Chouksey, S. K. (2011). “Parametric study of MSW landfill settlement model.” Waste Manage. (Oxford), 31(6), 1222–1231.
Sivakumar Babu, G. L., Reddy, K. R., Chouksey, S. K., and Kulkarni, H. (2010b). “Prediction of long-term municipal solid waste landfill settlement using constitutive model.” Pract. Period. Hazard. Toxic Radioact. Waste Manage., 139–150.
Sharma, H. D. (2000). “Solid waste landfills—Settlements and postclosure perspectives.” Proc., ASCE National Conf. on Environmental and Pipeline Engineering, ASCE, Reston, VA, 447–455.
Slide 5.0 [Computer software]. Rocscience, Toronto.
Sowers, G. F. (1973). “Settlement of waste disposal fills.” Proc., 8th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Consultants Bureau, New York, 207–210.
Taylor, D. W. (1937). “Stability of earth slopes.” J. Boston Soc. Civ. Eng., 24(3), 197–246.
Yen, B. C., and Scanlon, B. S., (1975). “Sanitary landfill settlement rates.” J. Geotech. Eng., 101(5), 475–487.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 16 • Issue 4 • August 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 16, 2014
Accepted: Jul 15, 2015
Published online: Dec 31, 2015
Discussion open until: May 31, 2016
Published in print: Aug 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.