Settlement Calculation of Composite Foundation Reinforced with Stone Columns
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 13, Issue 3
Abstract
An axial compression was generated in a stone column under vertical loads on its top, and was often accompanied by a radial expansion against the surrounding soil near the top portion of the column. Considering this deformation characteristic of the stone column, an analytical solution for the settlement of the composite foundations reinforced with stone columns was presented. The load sharing between the column and the soil and the distribution of column-soil interfacial shear stresses was also incorporated into the solution. From the present solution, the vertical settlement and lateral bulging of the column under any applied loads can be evaluated at any depth. The validity of the solution was verified through the comparison with the measurement data and other existing analytical solutions. The influences of stress-concentration ratio, internal friction angle and cohesion of the surrounding soil, and the elastic modulus of the column on the deformations of the stone column were discussed. The load acting on the top of the column had a great influence on its deformations. Thereby, the accurate determination of the load distribution between columns and the surrounding soil was vital for analyses of settlement of composite foundations reinforced with stone columns during the design. The increase of the internal friction angle of the soil, the cohesion of the soil, and the modulus of the column had reduction effects on column settlements and bulging.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research was funded through the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC No. 50878083 and No. 51078138) and the Ministry of Education 985 Project.
References
Alamgir, M., Miura, N., Poorooshasb, H. B., and Madhav, M. R. (1996). “Deformation analysis of soft ground columnar inclusions reinforced by columnar inclusions.” Comput. Geotech., 18(4), 267–290.
Ambily, A. P., and Gandhi, S. R. (2007). “Behavior of stone columns based on experimental and FEM analysis.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 133(4), 405–415.
Balaam, N. P., and Booker, J. P. (1981). “Analysis of rigid rafts supported by granular piles.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech., 5(4), 379–403.
Balaam, N. P., Poulos, H. G., and Brown, P. T. (1978). “Settlement analysis of soft clays reinforced with granular piles.” Proc., 5th Asian Conf. Soil Eng., Bangkok, Thailand, 81–92.
Black, J. A., Sivakumar, V., Madhav, M. R., and Hamill, G. A. (2007). “Reinforced stone columns in weak deposits: Laboratory model study.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 133(9), 1154–1161.
Braja, M. D. (2008). Advanced soil mechanics, 3rd Ed., Taylor & Francis, New York.
Brauns, J. (1978). “Die anfangstraglast von schottersäulen im bindigen untergrund.” Bautechnik, 55(8), 263–271.
Brooker, E. W., and Ireland, H. O. (1965). “Earth pressures at rest related to stress history.” Can. Geotech. J., 2(1), 1–5.
Chinese Code for Design of Building Foundation. (2002). China Architecture and Building Press, Beijing.
Cole, R. T., and Rollins, K. M. (2006). “Passive earth pressure mobilization during cyclic loading.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 132(9), 1154–1164.
Deb, K., and Dhar, A. (2011). “Parameter estimation for a system of beam resting on stone column-reinforced soft soil.” Int. J. Geomech., in press.
Deb, K., Samadhiya, N. K., and Namdeo, J. B. (2011). “Laboratory model studies on unreinforced and geogrid-reinforced sand bed over stone column-improved soft clay.” J. Geotextile Geomembr., 29(2), 190–196.
Deng, X. F., Liu, X. H., and Zhang, L. (2003). “A method to calculate the settlement of stone-column composite ground.” Chin. J. Xiangtan Mining Institute, 18(4), 55–57.
Duncan, J. M., and Mokwa, R. M. (2001). “Passive earth pressures: Theories and tests.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 127(3), 248–257.
Fang, Y. S., Chen, T. J., and Wu, B. F. (1994). “Passive earth pressures with various wall movements.” J. Geotech. Eng., 120(8), 1307–1323.
Han, J., and Ye, S. L. (2002). “A theoretical solution for consolidation rates of stone column-reinforced foundations accounting for smear and well resistance effects.” Int. J. Geomech., 2(2), 135–152.
Hassen, G., Dias, D., and de Buhan, P. (2009). “Multiphase constitutive model for the design of piled-embankments: Comparison with three-dimensional numerical simulations.” Int. J. Geomech., 9(6), 258–266.
Juran, I., and Guermazi, A. (1988). “Settlement response of soft soils reinforced by compacted sand columns.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 114(8), 930–943.
Madhav, M. R., Sharma, J. K., and Sivakumar, V. (2009). “Settlement of and load distribution in a granular piled raft.” Geotech. Eng., 1(1), 97–112.
Mckelvey, D., Sivakumar, V., Bell, A., and Graham, J. (2004). “Modeling vibrated stone columns on soft clay.” Geotech. Eng., 157(3), 137–149.
Poorooshasb, H. B., and Meyerhof, G. G. (1997). “Analysis of behavior of stone columns and lime columns.” Comput. Geotech., 20(1), 47–70.
Priebe, H. J. (1995). “The design of vibro replacement.” Ground Eng., 28(12), 31–37.
Raithel, M., and Kempfert, H. G. (2000). “Calculation models for dam foundations with geotextile coated sand columns.” Proc., Int. Conf. Geotech. Geol., Melbourne, Australia.
Rao, B. G., and Ranjan, G. (1985). “Settlement analysis of skirted granular piles.” J. Geotech. Eng., 111(11), 1264–1283.
Sheng, C. W. (1986). “Estimation of settlement of composite ground reinforced by stone columns.” China Civil Eng. J., 19(1), 72–79.
Shivashankar, R., Dheerendra Babu, M. R., Nayak, S., and Manjunath, R. (2010). “Stone columns with vertical circumferential nails: Laboratory model study.” Geotech. Geol. Eng., 28(5), 695–706.
Sivakumar, V., Glynn, D., Black, J., and McNeill, J. (2007). “A laboratory model study of the performance of vibrated stone columns in soft clay.” Proc., 17th Eur. Conf. Soil Mech. Geotech. Eng., Madrid, Spain.
Sun, L. N., and Gong, X. N. (2008). “Research on settlement calculation method of composite foundation of discrete material piles.” Chin. J. Rock Soil Mech., 29(3), 846–848.
Zahmatkesh, A., and Choobbasti, A. J. (2010). “Settlement evaluation of soft clay reinforced with stone columns using the equivalent secant modulus.” Arabian J. Geosci.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 13 • Issue 3 • June 2013
Pages: 248 - 256
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 4, 2011
Accepted: Jan 31, 2012
Published online: Feb 2, 2012
Published in print: Jun 1, 2013
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.