Experimental Study on the Distribution of Temperature and Deformation in the Water Walls of an Opposed Firing Boiler under Variable Load Conditions
Publication: Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 147, Issue 6
Abstract
To study the operational problems of an opposed firing boiler in continuously changing working conditions, the temperature, strain, and thermal stress of water walls were measured to analyze the distribution and relationship between temperature and deformation. The results showed that the asymmetrical arrangement of the burners in flexible operation can cause serious nonuniform distribution of the water wall temperature. The high temperature will induce extreme compressive stress, and the temperature difference between the high- and low-temperature areas will aggravate the tensile stress, which can induce bulge deformation and cracking of the water walls. We proposed replacing water wall plates with arc-shaped plates and adjusting the arrangement of burners to reduce the thermal stress. In addition, experimental equations were obtained between stress and temperature under steady and unsteady states by the least-squares method. These equations can be used to estimate the approximate range of high-stress areas based on the temperature of water walls. Finally, we found that the time hysteresis between temperature and thermal stress can be ignored. This study highlights the distribution and relationship of temperature and thermal stress on water walls under variable load conditions to guide their safe operation.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.
Acknowledgments
This work is supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (No. 2020ZHCG0001), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFF0216000), and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities.
References
Ao, Y., N. Li, and Q. Zhou. 2020. “Three-dimensional thermal stress distribution of opposed firing boiler: Numerical study and experimental verification.” J. Energy Eng. 146 (2): 04019039. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000638.
Avagianos, I., D. Rakopoulos, S. Karellas, and E. Kakaras. 2020. “Review of process modeling of solid-fuel thermal power plants for flexible and off-design operation.” Energies 13 (24): 6587. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13246587.
Dong, J., H. Fan, X. Wu, T. Zhou, J. Zhang, and Z. Zhang. 2018. “Study on the effect of flame offset on water wall tube temperature in 600°C and 700°C ultra-supercritical boiler.” Combust. Sci. Technol. 191 (3): 472–490. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2018.1502753.
Drosatos, P., N. Nikolopoulos, M. Agraniotis, and E. Kakaras. 2016. “Numerical investigation of firing concepts for a flexible Greek lignite-fired power plant.” Fuel Process. Technol. 142 (Feb): 370–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.10.033.
Drosatos, P., N. Nikolopoulos, E. Karampinis, G. Strotos, P. Grammelis, and E. Kakaras. 2020. “Numerical comparative investigation of a flexible lignite-fired boiler using pre-dried lignite or biomass as supporting fuel.” Renewable Energy 145 (Jan): 1831–1848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.07.071.
Duarte, C. A., E. Espejo, and J. C. Martinez. 2017. “Failure analysis of the wall tubes of a water-tube boiler.” Eng. Fail. Anal. 79 (Sep): 704–713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.05.032.
Fan, Q., S. Hui, S. Zhao, Q. Zhou, X. Chen, and Q. Zhao. 2012. “Thermal stress and strain distributions of a laboratory scale wall fired furnace: A numerical study and experimental verification.” Eng. Fail. Anal. 25 (Oct): 227–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2012.05.021.
Fu, J., N. Li, Q. Zhou, and P. Guo. 2014. “Impacts of applied stresses on high temperature corrosion behavior of HR3C in Molten Salt.” Oxid. Met. 83 (3–4): 317–333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11085-014-9522-3.
Fu, J., Z. Liu, L. Wei, L. Lin, N. Li, Q. Zhou, and C. Ma. 2020. “Identification of the running status of membrane walls in an opposed fired model boiler under varying heating loads.” Appl. Therm. Eng. 173 (Jun): 115217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115217.
Fu, J., L. Wei, N. Li, Q. Zhou, and T. Liu. 2017. “Experimental study on temperature, heat flux, strain and stress distribution of boiler water walls.” Appl. Therm. Eng. 113 (Feb): 419–425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.11.039.
Fu, J., Q. Zhou, N. Li, Z. Liu, and T. Liu. 2016. “Effects of external stresses on hot corrosion behavior of stainless steel TP347HFG.” Corros. Sci. 104 (Mar): 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2015.11.037.
Hong, M., H. Chae, W. C. Kim, J.-G. Kim, H. Kim, and S. Y. Lee. 2019. “Failure analysis of a water wall boiler tube for power generation in a district heating system.” Met. Mater. Int. 25 (5): 1191–1201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-019-00267-6.
Huang, J., R. Tao, Z. Jiang, F. Zhu, and D. Lei. 2016. “Effect on measurement results of principal stress by selecting different strain rosettes.” Res. Explor. Lab. 35 (7): 32–36. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-7167.2016.07.008.
Jaremkiewicz, M., D. Taler, and T. Sobota. 2015. “Measurement of transient fluid temperature.” Int. J. Therm. Sci. 87 (Apr): 241–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2014.09.002.
Jiang, Y.-H., G.-X. Li, H.-M. Li, L. Li, and J.-C. Lv. 2019. “Effect of flame inherent instabilities and turbulence on flame structural characteristics.” J. Energy Eng. 145 (5): 04019013. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000609.
Kurepin, M. P., and M. Y. Serbinovskiy. 2017. “Simulation of one-sided heating of boiler unit membrane-type water walls.” Therm. Eng. 64 (3): 209–215. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601517030053.
Li, L., N. Li, D. Wen, Y. Yao, Q. Zhou, and Y. Ao. 2020. “Experimental study on heat transfer process in boilers to predict thermal strain/stress distribution and deformation risk of membrane walls.” Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 138 (Jun): 186–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2020.03.018.
Luo, Q., Y. Cao, Z. Liu, B. Feng, Q. Zhou, and N. Li. 2019. “A feasible process for removal and utilization of in thermal power plants by MDEA + DMSO scrubbing and photocatalytic reduction.” Appl. Therm. Eng. 153 (May): 369–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.02.049.
Luo, R., J. Fu, N. Li, Y. Zhang, and Q. Zhou. 2015. “Combined control of secondary air flaring angle of burner and air distribution for opposed-firing coal combustion.” Appl. Therm. Eng. 79 (Mar): 44–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.01.008.
Minamide, A., K. Mizutani, and N. Wakatsuki. 2009. “Temperature distribution measurement with acoustic computerized tomography using rectangular arrangement of transducers.” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48 (7): 07GC02. https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.48.07GC02.
Munda, P., M. M. Husain, V. Rajinikanth, and A. K. Metya. 2018. “Evolution of microstructure during short-term overheating failure of a boiler water wall tube made of carbon steel.” J. Fail. Anal. Prev. 18 (1): 199–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-018-0394-8.
Pang, L., S. Yi, L. Duan, W. Li, and Y. Yang. 2019. “Thermal stress and cyclic stress analysis of a vertical water-cooled wall at a utility boiler under flexible operation.” Energies 12 (6): 1170. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12061170.
Rakopoulos, C. D., A. Elshirbini, and W. Murgatroyd. 1980. “An experimental-stochastic and theoretical analysis of the density wave instability in a helical monotube vapour generator.” Nucl. Eng. Des. 56 (2): 369–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(80)90137-5.
Rakopoulos, D., I. Avagianos, D. Almpanidis, N. Nikolopoulos, and P. Grammelis. 2017. “Dynamic modeling of a utility once-through pulverized-fuel steam generator.” J. Energy Eng. 143 (4): 04016070. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000426.
Schuhbauer, C., M. Angerer, H. Spliethoff, F. Kluger, and H. Tschaffon. 2014. “Coupled simulation of a tangentially hard coal fired 700°C boiler.” Fuel 122 (Apr): 149–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.01.032.
Taler, J., P. Dzierwa, M. Jaremkiewicz, D. Taler, K. Kaczmarski, M. Trojan, B. Węglowski, and T. Sobota. 2019. “Monitoring of transient 3D temperature distribution and thermal stress in pressure elements based on the wall temperature measurement.” J. Therm. Stresses 42 (6): 698–724. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495739.2019.1587328.
Taler, J., D. Taler, and P. Ludowski. 2014. “Measurements of local heat flux to membrane water walls of combustion chambers.” Fuel 115 (Jan): 70–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.06.033.
Taler, J., W. Zima, and M. Jaremkiewicz. 2016. “Simple method for monitoring transient thermal stresses in pipelines.” J. Therm. Stresses 39 (4): 386–397. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495739.2016.1152109.
Tao, S., Y. Lai, and L. Duan. 2006. “Special design features of a 330 MW opposed wall firing boiler fitted with whirl burners.” J. Power Eng. 26 (3): 346–350. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-7607.2006.03.010.
Wang, L., P. Fu, Z. Yang, T.-E. Lin, Y. Yang, and G. Tsatsaronis. 2020. “Advanced exergoeconomic evaluation of large-scale coal-fired power plant.” J. Energy Eng. 146 (1): 04019032. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000633.
Wen, D., Y. S. Yao, L. Li, M.-G. Jeon, Q. L. Zhou, N. Li, and Y. Deguchi. 2019. “Experimental study on the working states of membrane walls in the arch-fired boiler with different fuel proportion coefficients.” Appl. Therm. Eng. 148 (Feb): 404–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.10.098.
Zhang, Z., Z. Yang, H. Nie, L. Xu, J. Yue, and Y. Huang. 2020. “A thermal stress analysis of fluid–structure interaction applied to boiler water wall.” Asia-Pac. J. Chem. Eng. 15 (6): e2537. https://doi.org/10.1002/apj.2537.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 12, 2021
Accepted: May 1, 2021
Published online: Aug 24, 2021
Published in print: Dec 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Jan 24, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Lin Wei, Qulan Zhou, Jingkao Tan, Na Li, Experimental Study of Deformation Risk and Interpolation Analysis of Temperature for Water Walls under Flexible Low-Load Conditions, Journal of Energy Engineering, 10.1061/JLEED9.EYENG-4934, 149, 5, (2023).
- Lin Wei, Qulan Zhou, Na Li, Experimental study and simulation analysis of heat and deformation in the water walls of an opposed firing boiler under flexible operating conditions, Applied Thermal Engineering, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.118726, 213, (118726), (2022).