Analysis and Evaluation of a Fault-Tolerant Strategy for Module Vanadium Redox-Flow Batteries
Publication: Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 2
Abstract
A battery energy storage system (BESS) can provide flexible energy management solutions for power systems. A BESS with the ability to maintain functionality can greatly affect power system reliability. In this paper, two fault-tolerant (FT) strategies (i.e., a lower-rated power mode and times-rated power mode) and four reliability evaluation indexes are proposed for vanadium redox-flow batteries (VRFBs) in power systems. Each strategy is evaluated in terms of both power and energy response capabilities of VRFBs and verified via experiments. The testing results show that the lower-rated power mode is suitable for energy applications, such as load shifting, and the times-rated power mode is suitable for power applications, such as power smoothing. The reliability evaluation index, considering power and energy, is an extension of the traditional index and can be used to quantitatively evaluate the FT method in the energy storage field.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and codes generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51377149) and the State Grid Corporation of Science and Technology Projects (Research and Demonstration of Key Technologies of Energy Storage Cloud for Mobile Energy Storage Application of Electric Vehicles, 5419-201971217A-0-0-00).
References
Aouzellag, H., K. Ghedamsi, and D. Aouzellag. 2015. “Energy management and fault tolerant control strategies for fuel cell/ultra-capacitor hybrid electric vehicles to enhance autonomy, efficiency and life time of the fuel cell system.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 40 (22): 7204–7213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.03.132.
Cunha, Á., J. Martins, N. Rodrigues, and F. P. Brito. 2015. “Vanadium redox flow batteries: A technology review.” Int. J. Energy Res. 39 (7): 889–918. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3260.
Denholm, P., E. Ela, B. Kirby, and M. Milligan. 2010. “Role of energy storage with renewable electricity generation.” Office Sci. Tech. Inf. Tech. Rep. 48 (48): 563–575. https://doi.org/10.2172/972169.
Dijoux, E., N. Y. Steiner, M. Benne, M.-C. Péra, and B. G. Pérez. 2017. “A review of fault tolerant control strategies applied to proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems.” J. Power Sources 359 (Aug): 119–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.05.058.
Dubarry, M., A. Devie, K. Stein, M. Tun, M. Matsuura, and R. Rocheleau. 2017. “Battery energy storage system battery durability and reliability under electric utility grid operations: Analysis of 3 years of real usage.” J. Power Sources 338 (Jan): 65–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.034.
IEEE. 2011. IEEE draft guide for electric power distribution reliability indices. New York: IEEE.
Jheng, J. J., M. F. Shih, and K. Y. Lo. 2016. “Design of a cascaded H-bridge multi-level inverter with hot swappable capability for battery energy storage systems.” In Proc., IEEE Int. Power Electronics and Motion Control Conf. New York: IEEE.
Jizhong, C., X. Ziqiang, and L. Bei. 2013. “Research on the characteristics of the vanadium redox-flow battery in power systems applications.” J. Power Sources 241 (Nov): 396–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.04.092.
Junhong, S., Z. Weige, L. Hui, J. Jiuchun, and Y. Wensong. 2018. “Fault-tolerant control for a flexible group battery energy storage system based on cascaded multilevel converters.” Energies 11 (1): 171. https://doi.org/10.3390/en11010171.
Lancet, T. 2011. “Influences of connecting wind farms and energy storage devices to power grid on reliability of power generation and transmission system.” Power Syst. Technol. 35 (5): 165–170. https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2011.05.022.
Luo, X., J. Wang, M. Dooner, and J. Clarke. 2015. “Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation.” Appl. Energy 137 (Jan): 511–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.09.081.
Meng, H., and K. Xie. 2012. “Wind farm reliability evaluation considering operation characteristics of battery energy storage devices.” Power Syst. Technol. 36 (6): 214–219. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3260.
Minke, C., and T. Turek. 2018. “Materials, system designs and modelling approaches in techno-economic assessment of all-vanadium redox flow batteries—A review.” J. Power Sources 376 (Feb): 66–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.11.058.
PIRMSTC (Power Industry Reliability Management Standardization Technical Committee). 2002. Reliability evaluation code for generating equipment. Beijing: China Electric Power Press.
Xia, B., and C. Mi. 2016. “A fault-tolerant voltage measurement method for series connected battery packs.” J. Power Sources 308 (Mar): 83–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.01.057.
Yin, H., C. Zhao, A. Alsabbagh, and C. Ma. 2016. “A decentralized energy management for a multiple energy system with fault tolerance analysis.” In Proc., Conf. of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. New York: IEEE.
Zhao, L., W. Shuai, J. Zhendong, and J. Xiaopeng. 2018. “A novel fault-tolerant control for battery-energy-storage system based on cascaded multilevel converter with battery/BMS failure.” Microelectron. Reliab. 88–90 (Sep): 1268–1273. https://doi.org/10.1109/IPEMC.2009.5157519.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 16, 2018
Accepted: Jul 22, 2019
Published online: Jan 3, 2020
Published in print: Apr 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Jun 3, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.