Feasibility of Domestic Hot Water Regulation for Power Grid Peak and Valley Balance: Hotel-Building Case Study
Publication: Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 143, Issue 5
Abstract
With the electricity shortage situation becoming increasingly serious, management of the power demand side has practical significance. The feasibility of using a water heater based on an air-source heat pump for storing hot water is analyzed for a hotel in Shanghai, located in the hot summer/cold winter area of China. A detailed dynamic operation strategy for a hot water load shift-peak and fill-valley approach is presented in order to promote power grid cut-peak and fill-valley behavior based on considering key factors such as occupancy, season, utilization efficiency, weather, and electricity price. The heat pump unit’s installed capacity and hot water tank’s volume are discussed. Meanwhile, the influence of two key factors—heat pump coefficient of performance (COP) and electricity price difference between peak and valley—on the energy efficiency and hourly electricity consumption distribution are analyzed. As a consequence, the capacity of the heat-pump water heater and required level of electricity distribution for the domestic hot water system are decreased. In addition, the low-efficiency problems from conventional whole heat-pump water heater systems at low occupancy and partial daily or annual hot water demand are solved. The phenomenon of “a powerful horse pulling a small car” for hotel hot water supply systems is eliminated. The hot water storage scheme effectively encourages electricity load cut peak and fill valley by a hot water load shift peak and fill valley in contrast to conventional schemes. Furthermore, in a broad sense, heat-pump storage of hot water at night has energy saving effects on the entire power grid system depending on heat pump COP and electricity price difference between peak and valley.
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Acknowledgments
This research work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51308295).
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Published In
Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 143 • Issue 5 • October 2017
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 6, 2016
Accepted: Nov 29, 2016
Published online: Mar 6, 2017
Discussion open until: Aug 6, 2017
Published in print: Oct 1, 2017
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