Combustion Instability during Starting of Turbocharged Diesel Engine Including Biofuel Effects
Publication: Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 143, Issue 2
Abstract
A series of starting tests was conducted on a turbocharged diesel engine to investigate combustion instability for various coolant temperatures, ranging from 20 to 80°C, and fuel blends (neat diesel, blend of diesel with 30% biodiesel, and blend of diesel with 25% -butanol). A statistical analysis was performed in order to quantify the effects of the coolant temperature and fuel properties on the extent of the instability phenomena. As expected, the engine thermal status was found to play an influencing role, with cold starting leading to combustion instability; a difference up to 38 bar between successive cycles was documented. The biodiesel blend exhibited higher instability and the -butanol one showed higher absolute pressures but somewhat more stable operation. Both biofuel blends led to higher in-cylinder pressure irregularities compared to the neat diesel operation. For all examined blends, instability phenomena were still apparent even after several seconds from the engine start-up.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Arcoumanis, C., and Yao, X. G. (1994). “Transient smoke and unburnt hydrocarbon emissions during cold-start in a turbo-charged DI diesel engine.” Seminar on ‘Transient Performance of Engines’, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, London, 43–60.
Armas, O., Garcia-Contreras, R., Ramos, A., and Lopez, A. (2015). “Impact of animal fat biodiesel, GTL and HVO fuels on combustion performance and pollutant emissions of a light-duty diesel vehicle studied under the NEDC.” J. Energy Eng., C4014009.
Armas, O., Gomez, A., and Ramos, A. (2013). “Comparative study of pollutant emissions from engine starting with animal fat biodiesel and GTL fuels.” Fuel, 113, 560–570.
Bielaczyc, P., Merkisz, J., and Pielecha, J. (2001). “Investigation of exhaust emissions from DI diesel engine during cold and warm start.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Broatch, A., Tormos, B., Olmeda, P., and Novella, R. (2014). “Impact of biodiesel fuel on cold starting of automotive direct injection diesel engines.” Energy, 73, 653–660.
Cardenas, M., Gomez, A., and Armas, O. (2015). “Pollutant emissions from starting a common rail diesel engine fueled with different biodiesel fuels.” J. Energy Eng., E4015012.
Cheng, K. Y., Shayler, P. J., and Murphy, M. (2004). “The influence of blow-by on indicated work output from a diesel engine under cold start conditions.” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automobile Eng., 218(3), 333–340.
Giakoumis, E. G. (2012). “A statistical investigation of biodiesel effects on regulated exhaust emissions during transient cycles.” Appl. Energy, 98, 273–291.
Giakoumis, E. G. (2013). “A statistical investigation of biodiesel physical and chemical properties, and their correlation with the degree of unsaturation.” Renewable Energy, 50, 858–878.
Giakoumis, E. G., Rakopoulos, C. D., Dimaratos, A. M., and Rakopoulos, D. C. (2012). “Exhaust emissions of diesel engines operating under transient conditions with biodiesel blends.” Progr. Energy Combust. Sci., 38(5), 691–715.
Giakoumis, E. G., Rakopoulos, C. D., Dimaratos, A. M., and Rakopoulos, D. C. (2013). “Exhaust emissions with ethanol or n-butanol diesel fuel blends during transient operation: A review.” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 17, 170–190.
Giakoumis, E. G., Rakopoulos, C. D., and Rakopoulos, D. C. (2014). “An assessment of NOx emissions during transient diesel engine operation with biodiesel blends.” J. Energy Eng., A4014004.
Graboski, M. S., and McCormick, R. L. (1998). “Combustion of fat and vegetable oil derived fuels in diesel engines.” Progr. Energy Combust. Sci., 24(2), 125–164.
Hansen, A. C., Zhang, Q., and Lyne, P. W. L. (2005). “Ethanol/diesel fuel blends: A review.” Biores. Technol., 96(3), 277–285.
Henein, N. A., Zahdeh, A. R., Yassine, M. K., and Bryzik, W. (1992). “Diesel engine cold starting: Combustion instability.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Jin, C., Yao, M., Liu, H., Lee, C. F., and Ji, J. (2011). “Progress in the production and application of n-butanol as a biofuel.” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 15(8), 4080–4106.
Kobayashi, A., Kurashima, A., and Endo, S. (1984). “Analysis of cold start combustion in a direct injection diesel engine.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Lapuerta, M., Armas, O., and Rodriguez-Fernandez, J. (2008). “Effect of biodiesel fuels on diesel engine emissions.” Progr. Energy Combust. Sci., 34(2), 198–223.
Mathis, U., Mohr, M., and Forss, A. M. (2005). “Comprehensive particle characterization of modern gasoline and diesel passenger cars at low ambient temperatures.” Atmos. Environ., 39(1), 107–117.
Osuka, I., Nishimura, M., Tanaka, Y., and Miyaki, M. (1994). “Benefits of new fuel injection technology on cold startability of diesel engines—Improvement of cold startability and white smoke reduction by means of multi injection with common rail fuel system (ECD-U2).”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Pham, P. X., Bodisco, T. A., Ristovski, Z. D., Brown, R. J., and Masri, A. R. (2014). “The influence of fatty acid methyl ester profiles on inter-cycle variability in a heavy duty compression ignition engine.” Fuel, 116, 140–150.
Phatak, R., and Nakamura, T. (1983). “Cold startability of open chamber direct injection diesel engines. Part I: Measurement technique and effects of compression ratio.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Rakopoulos, C. D., Dimaratos, A. M., Giakoumis, E. G., and Rakopoulos, D. C. (2010). “Investigating the emissions during acceleration of a turbocharged diesel engine operating with bio-diesel or n-butanol diesel fuel blends.” Energy, 35(12), 5173–5184.
Rakopoulos, C. D., Dimaratos, A. M., Giakoumis, E. G., and Rakopoulos, D. C. (2011). “Study of turbocharged diesel engine operation, pollutant emissions and combustion noise radiation during starting with bio-diesel or n-butanol diesel fuel blends.” Appl. Energy, 88(11), 3905–3916.
Rakopoulos, C. D., and Giakoumis, E. G. (2009). Diesel engine transient operation—Principles of operation and simulation analysis, Springer, London.
Rakopoulos, D. C. (2015). “Comparison of combustion, performance and emissions of an HSDI engine operating on blends of diesel fuel with ethanol, n-butanol, or butanol isomer ether DEE.” J. Energy Eng., C4014001.
Rakopoulos, D. C., Rakopoulos, C. D., Giakoumis, E. G., Dimaratos, A. M., and Kyritsis, D. C. (2010). “Effects of butanol-diesel fuel blends on the performance and emissions of a high-speed DI diesel engine.” Energy Convers. Manage., 51, 1989–1997.
Randazzo, M. L., and Sodre, J. R. (2011). “Cold start and fuel consumption of a vehicle fuelled with blends of diesel oil–soybean biodiesel–ethanol.” Fuel, 90(11), 3291–3294.
Watson, N., and Janota, M. S. (1986). Turbocharging the internal combustion engine, McGraw-Hill, London.
Yao, M., Wang, H., Zheng, Z., and Yue, Y. (2010). “Experimental study of n-butanol additive and multi-injection on HD diesel engine performance and emissions.” Fuel, 89(9), 2191–2201.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 143 • Issue 2 • April 2017
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 1, 2016
Accepted: Jul 6, 2016
Published online: Aug 11, 2016
Discussion open until: Jan 11, 2017
Published in print: Apr 1, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.