Kinetic Study on Low-Rank Coal Char: Characterization and Catalytic Gasification
Publication: Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 3
Abstract
A kinetic characterization of the gasification of chars from Chinese low-rank lignite coal is performed by isothermal thermogravimetry. The isothermal condition is 1,073 K, and the concentration range is 10–90%. Alkali and alkali earth catalysts were used to promote the gasification reactivity. The gasification rate of the char was increased with the carbon dioxide () concentration. The gasification rate increment was reduced at a higher concentration, which inhibited the gasification rate. The best ratio for gasification was 70%. The gasification rate of the char with is fast and proceeded in the following order: sodium carbonate carbonate carbonate . In this study, the following gas–solid reaction models are compared: the shrinking core model, the volumetric reaction model, the modified volumetric reaction model (MVRM), and the random pore model. The correlation coefficient values of the MVRM were the highest of all the models at all concentrations.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was conducted under the framework of the Research and Development Program of the Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) (B4-2432-01).
References
Bak, Y. C., Yang, H. S., and Son, J. E. (1991). “Isothermal coal char combustion and char-steam gasification reactivity.” J. Korean Inst. Chem. Eng., 29(3), 323–335.
Bhatia, S. K., and Perlmutter, D. D. (1980). “A random pore model for fluid-solid reactions. I: Isothermal, kinetic control.” Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. J., 26(3), 379–386.
Bhutto, A. W., Bazmi, A. A., and Zahedi, G. (2013). “Underground coal gasification: From fundamentals to applications.” Prog. Energy Combust., 39(1), 189–214.
Borah, R. C., Ghosh, P., and Rao, P. G. (2011). “A review on devolatilization of coal in fluidized bed.” Int. J. Energy Res., 35(11), 929–963.
Christopher, H., and van der Maarten, B. (2008). Gasification: Practical issues, Elsevier, Burlington, MA, 193–250.
Cuadrat, A., Abad, A., Adánez, J., de Diego, L. F., García-Labiano, F., and Gayán, P. (2012). “Behavior of ilmenite as oxygen carrier in chemical-looping combustion.” Fuel Process. Technol., 94(1), 101–112.
Damen, K., Troost, M. V., Faaij, A., and Turkenburg, W. (2006). “A comparison of electricity and hydrogen production systems with capture and storage. Part A: Review and selection of promising conversion and capture technologies.” Energy Combust. Sci., 32(2), 215–246.
De Souza-Santos, M. L. (1989). “Comprehensive modelling and simulation of fluidized bed boilers and gasifiers.” Fuel, 68(12), 1507–1521.
Devi, T. G., and Kannan, M. P. (1998). “Calcium catalysis in air gasification of cellulosic chars.” Fuel, 77(15), 1825–1830.
Fernández-Morales, I., López-Garzon, F. J., López-Peinado, A., Moreno-Castilla, C., and Rivera-Utrilla, J. (1985). “Study of heat-treated Spanish lignites: Characteristics and behaviour in and gasification reactions.” Fuel, 64(5), 666–673.
Fuchs, W., and Yavorsky, P. M. (1975). “Gasification of HYDRANE char in reactions with carbon dioxide and steam.” Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Fuel. Chem., 20(4), 115–121.
Fung, D. P. C., and Kim, S. D. (1990). “Gasification kinetics of coals and wood.” Korean J. Chem. Eng., 7(2), 109–114.
Gnanapragasam, N., Reddy, B., and Rosen, M. (2009). “Reducing CO2 emissions for an IGCC power generation system: Effect of variations in gasifier and system operating conditions.” Energy Convers. Manage., 50(8), 1915–1923.
Grieco, E. M., and Baldi, G. (2011). “Predictive model for countercurrent coal gasifiers.” Chem. Eng. Sci., 66(23), 5749–5761.
Ishida, M., and Wen, C. Y. (1968). “Comparison of kinetic and diffusional models for solid-gas reactions.” Am. Inst. Chem. Eng. J., 14(2), 311–317.
Jang, D. H., Kim, H. T., Lee, C., and Kim, S. H. (2013). “Kinetic analysis of catalytic coal gasification process in fixed bed condition using Aspen Plus.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 38(14), 6021–6026.
Jeon, D. M., Kang, T. J., Kim, H. T., Lee, S. H., and Kim, S. D. (2011). “Investigation of drying characteristics of low rank coal of bubbling fluidization through experiment using lab scale.” Sci. China Technol. Sci., 54(7), 1680–1683.
Johnson, J. L. (1981). Chemistry of coal utilization: Fundamentals of coal gasification, M. A. Elliott, ed., Wiley, New York, 1491–1598.
Kannan, M. P., and Richards, G. N. (1990). “Potassium catalysis in air gasification of cellulosic chars.” Fuel, 69(8), 999–1006.
Kasaoka, S., Sakata, Y., Shimada, M., and Matsutomi, T. (1985). “A new kinetic model for temperature programmed thermogravimetry and its applications to the gasification of coal chars with steam and carbon dioxide.” J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 18(5), 426–432.
Kim, S. K., et al. (2014). “The kinetic study of catalytic low-rank coal gasification under CO2 atmosphere using MVRM.” J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20(1), 356–361.
Kim, Y. K., Hao, L. F., Park, J. I., Miyawaki, J., Mochida, I., and Yoon, S. H. (2012). “Catalytic activity and activation mechanism of potassium carbonate supported on perovskite oxide for coal char combustion.” Fuel, 94(5), 516–522.
Klopper, L., Strydom, C. A., and Bunt, J. R. (2012). “Influence of added potassium and sodium carbonates on CO2 reactivity of the char from a demineralized inertinite rich bituminous coal.” J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 96, 188–195.
Kuznetsov, P. N., Kolesnikova, S. M., and Kuznetsova, L. I. (2013). “Steam gasification of different brown coals catalysed by the naturally occurring calcium species.” Int. J. Clean Coal Energy, 2(01), 1–11.
Li, S., and Cheng, Y. (1995). “Catalytic gasification of gas-coal char in .” Fuel, 74(3), 456–458.
Linares-Solano, A., Mahajan, O. P., and Walker Jr., P. L. (1979). “Reactivity of heat-treated coals in steam.” Fuel, 58(5), 327–332.
McKee, D. W. (1980). “Catalytic effects of alkaline earth carbonates in the carbon-carbon dioxide reaction.” Fuel, 59(5), 308–314.
McKee, D. W. (1981). Chemistry and physics of carbon: The catalyzed gasification reactions of carbon, Marcel Dekker, New York.
McKee, D. W. (1983). “Mechanisms of the alkali metal catalysed gasification of carbon.” Fuel, 62(2), 170–175.
Mianowski, A., Siudyga, T. (2012). “Analysis of relative rate of reaction/process.” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 109(2), 751–762.
Mitsuoka, K., Hayashi, S., Amano, H., Kayahara, K., Sasaoaka, E., and Uddin, M. A. (2011). “Gasification of woody biomass char with : The catalytic effects of K and Ca species on char gasification reactivity.” Fuel Process. Technol., 92(1), 26–31.
Miura, K., Hashimoto, K., and Silveston, P. L. (1989). “Factors affecting the reactivity of coal chars during gasification, and indices representing reactivity.” Fuel, 68(11), 1461–1475.
Miura, K., and Silveston, P. L. (1989). “Analysis of gas-solid reactions by use of a temperature-programmed reaction technique.” Energy Fuels, 3(2), 243–249.
Ochoa, J., Cassanello, M. C., Bonelli, P. R., and Cukierman, A. L. (2001). “ gasification of Argentinean coal chars: A kinetic characterization.” Fuel Process. Technol., 74(3), 161–176.
Ordorica-Garcia, G., Douglas, P., Croiset, E., and Zheng, L. (2006). “Technoeconomic evaluation of IGCC power plants for avoidance.” Energy Convers. Manage., 47(15–16), 2250–2259.
Park, C. Y., Park, J. Y., Lee, S. H., Rhu, J. H., Han, M. H., and Rhee, Y. W. (2012). “Kinetic studies of the catalytic low rank coal gasification under atmosphere.” Korean Chem. Eng. Res., 50(6), 1086–1092.
Park, J. Y., et al. (2013). “Comparative modeling of low temperature char- gasification reaction of Drayton coal by carbon dioxide concentration.” Clean Technol., 19(3), 306–312.
Pérez-Florindo, A., Cazorla-Amorós, D., and Linares-Solano, A. (1993). “-Carbon gasification catalyzed by alkaline-earths: Comparative study of the metal-carbon interaction and of the specific activity.” Carbon, 31(3), 493–500.
Skodras, G. (2013). “Catalysis and compensation effect of in low-rank coal- gasification.” Eur. J. Chem., 11(7), 1187–1200.
Smoot, L. D., and Smith, L. D. (1985). Coal combustion and gasification, Plenum Press, New York.
Song, B. H., and Kim, S. D. (1993). “Catalytic activity of alkali and iron salt mixtures for steam-char gasification.” Fuel, 72(6), 797–803.
Sun, Z. Q., Wu, J. H., and Zhang, D. (2008). “ and gasification kinetics of a coal char in the presence of methane.” Energy Fuels, 22(4), 2160–2165.
Tay, H. L., and Li, C. Z. (2010). “Changes in char reactivity and structure during the gasification of a Victorian brown coal: Comparison between gasification in and .” Fuel Process. Technol., 91(8), 800–804.
Teixeira, G., Van de Steene, L., Martin, E., Gelix, F., and Salvador, S. (2012). “Gasification of char from wood pellets and from wood chips: Textural properties and thermochemical conversion along a continuous fixed bed.” Fuel, 102, 514–524.
Tomaszewicz, M., Łabojko, G., Tomaszewicz, G., and Kotyczka-Morańska, M. (2013). “The kinetics of gasification of coal chars.” J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 113(3), 1327–1335.
Trommer, D., and Steinfeld, A. (2006). “Kinetic modeling for the combined pyrolysis and steam gasification of petroleum coke and experimental determination of the rate constants by dynamic thermogravimetry in the 500-1520 K Range.” Energy Fuels, 20(3), 1250–1258.
Turkdogan, E. T., Koump, V., Vinters, J. V., and Perzak, T. F. (1968). “Rate of oxidation of graphite in carbon dioxide.” Carbon, 6(4), 467–484.
Turkdogan, E. T., and Vinters, J. V. (1969). “Kinetics of oxidation of graphite and charcoal in carbon dioxide.” Carbon, 7(1), 101–117.
Verasa, C. A. G., Carvalho Jr., J. A., and Ferreira, M. A. (2002). “The chemical percolation devolatilization model applied to the devolatilization of coal in high intensity acoustic fields.” J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 13(3), 358–367.
Wang, J., Jiang, M., Yao, Y., Zhang, Y., and Cao, J. (2009). “Steam gasification of coal char catalyzed by K2CO3 for enhanced production of hydrogen without formation of methane.” Fuel, 88(9), 1572–1579.
Wang, Y., Jin, W., Huang, T., Zhu, L., Wu, C., and Yu, G. (2013). “Characteristics of alkali and alkaline-earth metals for the catalytic gasification of coal char in a fixed-bed reactor.” Energy Technol., 1(9), 544–550.
Wen, C. Y. (1968). “Catalytic heterogeneous solid-fluid reaction models.” Ind. Eng. Chem., 60(9), 34–54.
Wu, Y., Wu, S., and Gao, J. (2009). “A study on the applicability of kinetic models for Shenfu coal char gasification with at elevated temperatures.” Energies, 2(3), 545–555.
Ye, D. P., Agnew, J. B., and Zhang, D. K. (1998). “Gasification of a South Australian low-rank coal with carbon dioxide and steam: Kinetics and reactivity studies.” Fuel, 77(11), 1209–1219.
Zhang, F., et al. (2015). “Catalytic CO2 gasification of a Powder River basin coal.” Fuel Process. Technol., 130, 107–116.
Zhang, L., Huang, J., Fang, Y., and Wang, Y. (2006). “Gasification reactivity and kinetics of typical Chinese anthracite chars with steam and .” Energy Fuels, 20(3). 1201–1210.
Zhang, Y., Hara, S., Kajitani, S., and Ashizawa, M. (2010). “Modeling of catalytic gasification kinetics of coal char and carbon.” Fuel, 89(1), 152–157.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 14, 2014
Accepted: May 27, 2015
Published online: Jul 21, 2015
Discussion open until: Dec 21, 2015
Published in print: Sep 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.