Potentialities of a Common Rail Injection System for the Control of Dual Fuel Biodiesel-Producer Gas Combustion and Emissions
Publication: Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 140, Issue 3
Abstract
This paper conducts an extensive experimental campaign for dual fuel biodiesel-producer gas combustion development and the related pollutant emissions and reports the results with the aim of highlighting the effect of biodiesel pilot injection parameters. For this purpose, a common rail diesel research engine was converted to operate in dual fuel mode; the gaseous fuel was introduced into the engine through an indirect injector housed well upstream of the engine intake duct; and the composition of the gaseous fuel simulating the producer gas was obtained using a mixing system able to generate a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (), and nitrogen () with the desired amount for each of them. The biodiesel pilot injection required to ignite the gaseous fuel was instead sprayed into the cylinder using a common rail high-pressure injection system. During tests, the biodiesel injection amount, pressure, and advance were varied on several levels, together with the composition and amount of gaseous fuel. The cylinder pressure was sampled and, from it, heat release rate and indicated mean effective pressure were estimated. Moreover, gaseous pollutant emissions at the exhaust were measured. The results demonstrate that biodiesel pilot injection parameters are crucial to control the development of combustion and emission levels when the engine is operated in dual fuel biodiesel-producer gas mode. Therefore, the potentialities of the common-rail high-pressure injection system may be developed to optimize as much as possible the operation of such engines in terms of power output, increase in combustion efficiency, and reduction of environmental impact.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Banapurmath, N. R., and Tewari, P. G. (2009). “Comparative performance studies of a 4-stroke CI engine operated on dual fuel mode with producer gas and honge oil and its methyl ester (HOME) with and without carburetor.” Renew. Energ., 34(4), 1009–1015.
Banapurmath, N. R., Tewari, P. G., and Hosmath, R. S. (2008). “Experimental investigations of a four-stroke single cylinder direct injection diesel engine operated on dual fuel mode with producer gas as inducted fuel and honge oil and its methyl ester (HOME) as injected fuels.” Renew. Energ., 33(9), 2007–2018.
Banapurmath, N. R., Tewari, P. G., Yaliwal, V. S., Kambalimath, S., and Basavarajappa, Y. H. (2009). “Combustion characteristics of a 4-stroke CI engine operated on honge oil, neem and rice bran oils when directly injected and dual fuelled with producer gas induction.” Renew. Energ., 34(7), 1877–1884.
Barata, J. M. M. (1995). “Performance and emissions of a dual fueled DI diesel engine.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Cai, A., et al. (2009). “Analisi e studi relativi all’ottimizzazione di un impianto di gassificazione e cogenerazione a biomasse lignocellulosiche.” Proc. 64° Congresso Nazionale ATI, Libreria Universitaria Benedetti, L’Aquila.
Carlucci, A. P., de Risi, A., Laforgia, D., and Naccarato, F. (2008). “Experimental investigation and combustion analysis of a direct injection dual-fuel diesel-natural gas engine.” Energy, 33(2), 256–263.
Carlucci, A. P., Ficarella, A., and Laforgia, D. (2006). “Control of the combustion behaviour in a diesel engine using early injection and gas addition.” Appl. Therm. Eng., 26(17–18), 2279–2286.
Carlucci, A. P., Laforgia, D., and Panarese, A. (2007). “Experimental characterization of diesel fuel pulsed sprays.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Carlucci, A. P., Laforgia, D., Saracino, R., and Toto, G. (2011). “Combustion and emissions control in diesel–methane dual fuel engines: The effects of methane supply method combined with variable in-cylinder charge bulk motion.” Energ. Convers. Manage., 52(8–9), 3004–3017.
Carlucci, P., Ficarella, A., and Laforgia, D. (2003). “Effects of pilot injection parameters on combustion for common rail diesel engines.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Carlucci, P., Ficarella, A., and Laforgia, D. (2005). “Effects on combustion and emissions of early and pilot fuel injections in diesel engines.” Int. J. Eng. Res., 6(1), 43–60.
Karim, G. A. (2003). “Combustion in gas fueled compression: ignition engines of the dual fuel type.” J. Eng. Gas Turb. Power, 125(3), 827–836.
Karim, G. A., Liu, Z., and Jones, W. (1993). “Exhaust emissions from dual fuel engines at light load.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Lin, Z., and Su, W. (2003). “A study on the determination of the amount of pilot injection and rich and lean boundaries of the pre-mixed CNG/air mixture for a CNG/diesel dual-fuel engine.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
McKendry, P. (2002). “Energy production from biomass (part 2): Conversion technologies.” Bioresour. Technol., 83(1), 47–54.
Papagiannakis, R. G., and Hountalas, D. T. (2004). “Combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of a dual fuel compression ignition engine operated with pilot diesel fuel and natural gas.” Energ. Convers. Manage., 45(18–19), 2971–2987.
Ramadhas, A. S., Jayaraj, S., and Muraleedharan, C. (2008). “Dual fuel mode operation in diesel engines using renewable fuels: Rubber seed oil and coir-pith producer gas.” Renew. Energ., 33(9), 2077–2083.
Ramadhas, A. S., Jayaray, S., and Muraleedharan, C. (2006). “Power generation using coir-pith and wood derived producer gas in diesel engines.” Fuel Process. Technol., 87(10), 849–853.
Roy, M. M., Tomita, E., Kawahara, N., Harada, Y., and Sakane, A. (2011). “Comparison of performance and emissions of a supercharged dual-fuel engine fueled by hydrogen and hydrogen-containing gaseous fuels.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energ., 36(12), 7339–7352.
Sahoo, B. B., Saha, U. K., and Sahoo, N. (2011). “Effect of load level on the performance of a dual fuel compression ignition engine operating on syngas fuel with varying content.” J. Eng. Gas Turb. Power, 133(12), 122802.
Sahoo, B. B., Sahoo, N., and Saha, U. K. (2009). “Effect of engine parameters and type of gaseous fuel on the performance of dual-fuel gas diesel engines—A critical review.” Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 13(6–7), 1151–1184.
Sahoo, B. B., Sahoo, N., and Saha, U. K. (2012). “Effect of ratio in syngas on the performance of a dual fuel diesel engine operation.” Appl. Therm. Eng., 49, 139–146.
Shashikantha, S., and Parikh, P. P. (1999). “Spark ignition producer gas engine and dedicated compressed natural gas engine—Technology development and experimental performance optimization.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Singh, R. N., Singh, S. P., and Pathak, B. S. (2007). “Investigations on operation of CI engine using producer gas and rice bran oil in mixed fuel mode.” Renew. Energ., 32(9), 1565–1580.
Sridhar, G., Paul, P. J., and Mukunda, H. S. (2001). “Biomass derived producer gas as a reciprocating engine fuel—an experimental analysis.” Biomass Bioenerg., 21(1), 61–72.
Woschni, G. (1967). “A universally applicable equation for the instantaneous heat transfer coefficient in the internal combustion engines.”, SAE International, Warrendale, PA.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 140 • Issue 3 • September 2014
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 8, 2013
Accepted: Jul 22, 2013
Published online: Jul 24, 2013
Discussion open until: Jul 24, 2014
Published in print: Sep 1, 2014
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.