Some Aspects of the Impact of Multidirectional Shaking on Liquefaction of Level and Sloping Granular Deposits
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 143, Issue 1
Abstract
A very limited number of computational studies have been presented for the analysis of the response of saturated granular soils to multidirectional shaking despite it being the realistic mode of loading that resembles an actual earthquake. Herein, this paper examines the capabilities of a recently developed, coupled lattice Boltzmann method (LBM)–discrete element method (DEM) of modeling level and gently sloped soil deposits when subjected to bidirectional shaking. The results of conducted simulations show that bidirectional shaking may increase surface settlement of level deposits by about 30% over unilateral shaking. The depth along the deposit that experiences excess pore pressure ratio close to unity increases as a result of bidirectional shaking compared to unilateral shaking. Bidirectional shaking also increases the magnitude of lateral spreading and associated shear strains in sloping deposits. Other aspects of the response include capturing soil dilative behavior and associated temporary increase in soil strength during liquefaction. The increase in soil strength was more pronounced in the case of the sloping deposit. Investigation into fabric evolution during shaking indicates that soil dilation increases the level of anisotropy and the degree of anisotropy postliquefaction increases compared to the preshaking state.
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Acknowledgments
This research was partially supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation, Grant Number CMMI-1000908, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center, Grant No. W9132V-13-C-0004. These supports are gratefully acknowledged.
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Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 143 • Issue 1 • January 2017
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 15, 2015
Accepted: Oct 26, 2015
Published online: Jan 13, 2016
Discussion open until: Jun 13, 2016
Published in print: Jan 1, 2017
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