Stationary Wavelet Transform Method for Distributed Detection of Damage by Fiber-Optic Sensors
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 140, Issue 4
Abstract
Brillouin scattering–based fiber-optic sensors have been used in a number of applications, including monitoring of pipelines and well-casing damage in the oil and gas industry. The major attribute of these sensors is their capability for distributed sensing of strains along large sections of structures. For these reasons, Brillouin-based fiber-optic sensors have great potential for civil structural applications, such as in bridges. This study reports the investigation of the Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer for assessing damage in structural members. The primary advantage in using the Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer is the single-fiber installation and multidamage-detection capability for the entire structure. The challenge in using a Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer for detection of localized damage is to overcome the effects of system noise and Brillouin frequency-peak shift distortions. The compound effects of noise and frequency-peak distortions result in dispersion of the localized strains and concealment of crack locations. A signal-processing approach based on the multiresolution analysis (MRA) of the distributed strain data by using the stationary wavelet-transform (SWT) method is introduced in this study. This approach was employed to enhance data quality and to extract the damage-related features from the distributed strain data. The process involved decomposition of the strain data and extraction of the approximate and detailed coefficients of the signal. The MRA of the data involved further transformation of the approximate coefficients to extract the crack features. Evaluation of the method was accomplished by using signal-processing methodology for detecting the damage locations in a 15-m-long beam with simulated damage during four-point bending experiments. By using the wavelet-transform approach, it was possible to detect the location of the simulated damage sections with joint opening displacements larger than when the damage spacing was greater than the spatial resolution. The methodology developed in this study provides a quantitative method for detecting damage locations and a qualitative measure of crack intensity. Further research is necessary to examine the efficiency of the approach for more complex loading conditions and damage patterns.
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Acknowledgments
This research is based on work supported by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under the Technology Innovation Program (TIP) and the National Science Foundation (PIRE program) Grant No. 0730259. The financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 51121005, 51078060, and 51378088 is greatly appreciated.
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Information & Authors
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Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 140 • Issue 4 • April 2014
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 15, 2012
Accepted: Jun 4, 2013
Published online: Jun 6, 2013
Published in print: Apr 1, 2014
Discussion open until: May 27, 2014
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