Effect of Particle Size on the Characteristics of Sand Jets in Water
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 137, Issue 12
Abstract
Sand jets in water have extensive engineering applications. A detailed numerical modeling of sand jets in water was conducted at high initial sand concentration using a commercial computational fluid dynamics package (ANSYS CFX 11.0). The results of the numerical simulation were first compared with some recent laboratory experiments. Simulations were then conducted to investigate the effect of sand particle sizes on velocity distribution, concentration profile, and turbulent properties. Turbulent flow characteristics, such as turbulent kinetic energy, turbulence intensity, rate of energy dissipation, and turbulent eddy frequency, were evaluated and the trend compared with the previous studies in the literature. The location of maximum kinetic energy was found to be independent of particle size. The turbulent kinetic energy and rate of dissipation of the water phase decrease with increasing particle size.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Angst, R., Harnack, E., Singh, M., and Kraume, M. (2003). “Grid and model dependency of the solid/liquid two phase CFD simulations of stirred vessels.” 11th European Conf. on Mixing, Bamberg, Germany, 347–354.
Angst, R., Mier, P., and Kraume, M. (2001). “Simulation and experimental investigation of the two-phase flow field in jet loop reactors.” Chem. Ing. Tech., 73(6), 659.
ANSYS. (2009). CFX-11 solver theory, ANSYS Canada, Ltd.
Arai, T., Kudo, N., Ishima, T., Youssef, I. M., and Obokata, T. (2003). “Turbulence structure of a liquid-solid two-phase jet by means of laser techniques.” Proc., of ASME FEDSM’03 4th ASME_JSME Joint Fluid Engineering Conf., Honolulu.
Bombardelli, F. A., and Jha, S. K. (2009). “Hierarchical modeling of dilute transport of suspended sediment in open channels.” Environ. Fluid Mech., 9(2), 207–235.
Chen, C. P., and Wood, P. E. (1986). “Turbulence closure modeling of the dilute gas-particle axisymmetric jet.” AIChE J., 32(1), 163–166.
Crowe, C. T. (2000). “On models for turbulence modulation in fluid–particle flows.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 26(5), 719–727.
Crowe, C. T., Gore, R. A., and Troutt, T. R. (1985). “Particle dispersion by coherent structures in free shear flows.” Part. Sci. Technol., 3(3–4), 149–158.
Crowe, C. T., Sommerfeld, M., and Tsuji, Y. (1998). Multiphase flows with droplets and particles, CRC, Boca Raton, FL.
Cuthbertson, A. J. S., and Davies, P. A. (2008). “Deposition from particle-laden, round, turbulent horizontal buoyant jets in stationary and coflowing receiving fluids.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 134(4), 390–402.
Gore, R. A., and Crowe, C. T. (1989). “Effect of particle size on modulating turbulent intensity.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 15(2), 279–285.
Gore, R. A., and Crowe, C. T. (1991). “Modulation of turbulence by a dispersed phase.” J. Fluids Eng., 113(2), 304–307.
Hall, N., Elenany, M., Zhu, D. Z., and Rajaratnam, N. (2010). “Experimental study of sand and slurry jets in water.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 136(10), 727–738.
Hartmann, H., Derksen, J. J., and van den Akker, H. E. A. (2006). “Numerical simulation of a dissolution process in a stirred tank reactor.” Chem. Eng. Sci., 61(9), 3025–3032.
Hoffmann, A. C., and Finkers, H. J. (1995). “A relation for the void fraction of randomly packed particle beds.” Powder Technol., 82(2), 197–203.
Hrenya, C. M., and Sinclair, J. L. (1997). “Effects of particle-phase turbulence in gas-solid flows.” AIChE J., 43(4), 853–869.
Jiang, J. S., Law, A. W. K., and Cheng, N. S. (2005). “Two-phase analysis of vertical sediment-laden jets.” J. Eng. Mech., 131(3), 308–318.
Lain, S., and Garcia, J. A. (2006). “Study of four-way coupling on turbulent particle-laden jet flows.” Chem. Eng. Sci., 61(20), 6775–6785.
Launder, B. E., and Spalding, D. B. (1974). “The numerical computation of turbulent flows.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 3(2), 269–289.
Lopez de Bertodano, M. A. (1998). “Two fluid model for two-phase turbulent jets.” Nucl. Eng. Des., 179(1), 65–74.
Mathiesen, V., Solberg, T., and Hjertager, B. H. (2000a). “An experimental and computational study of multiphase flow behaviour in a circulating fluidized bed.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 26(3), 387–419.
Mathiesen, V., Solberg, T., and Hjertager, B. H. (2000b). “Prediction of gas/particle flow with an Eulerian model including a realistic particle size distribution.” Powder Technol., 112(1–2), 34–45.
Montante, G., and Magelli, F. (2007). “Mixed solids distribution in stirred vessels: Experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations.” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 46(9), 2885–2891.
Muste, M., Fujita, I., and Kruger, A. (1998). “Experimental comparison of two laser-based velocimeters for flows with alluvial sand.” Exp. Fluids, 24(4), 273–284.
Papanicolaou, P., and List, E. J. (1988). “Investigations of round vertical turbulent buoyant jets.” J. Fluid Mech., 195, 341–391.
Parthasarathy, R. N., and Faeth, G. M. (1987). “Structure of particle-laden turbulent water jets in still water.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 13(5), 699–716.
Sheen, H. J., Jou, B. H., and Lee, Y. T. (1994). “Effect of particle size on a two-phase turbulent jet.” Exp. Therm. Fluid. Sci., 8(4), 315–327.
Shuen, J. S., Solomon, A. S. P., Zhang, Q. F., and Faeth, G. M. (1985). “Structure of particle-laden jets: measurements and predictions.” AIAA J., 23(3), 396–404.
Sommerfeld, M., (1996). Modellierung und numerische Berechnung von partikelbeladenen turbulenten Strömungen mit Hilfe des Euler/Lagrange-Verfahrens Habil.-Schr., Shaker Verlag, Aachen (in German).
Torobin, L., and Gauvin, H. (1959). “Fundamental aspects of solid-gas flow.” Can. J. Chem. Eng., 37(4–6), 129–141.
Tsuji, Y., Morikawa, Y., Tanaka, T., Karimine, K., and Nishida, S. (1988). “Measurement of an axisymmetric jet laden with coarse particles.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 14(5), 565–574.
Uchiyama, T., and Naruse, M. (2003). “Vortex simulation of slit nozzle gas-particle two-phase jet.” Powder Technol., 131(2–3), 156–165.
Virdung, T., and Rasmuson, A. (2007). “Hydrodynamic properties of a turbulent confined solid-liquid jet evaluated using PIV and CFD.” Chem. Eng. Sci., 62(21), 5963–5979.
Wang, F., Mao, Z., Wang, Y., and Yang, C. (2006). “Measurement of phase holdups in liquid-liquid-solid three-phase stirred tanks and CFD simulation.” Chem. Eng. Sci., 61(22), 7535–7550.
Wörner, M. (2003). A compact introduction to the numerical modeling of multiphase flows, Forschugszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Wygnanski, I., and Fiedler, H. (1969). “Some measurements in the self-preserving jet.” J. Fluid Mech., 38(03), 577–612.
Zhang, D. Z., and Prosperetti, A. (1994). “Averaged equations for inviscid disperse two-phase flow.” J. Fluid Mech., 267, 185–219.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 26, 2010
Accepted: Jun 13, 2011
Published online: Jun 15, 2011
Published in print: Dec 1, 2011
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.