Impact of Buffering Agent on Lead Adsorption of Bentonite: An Appraisal
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 2
Abstract
The knowledge of adsorption characteristics of bentonite (B) is mandatory for heavy metals removal from the wastewater and contaminant retention in landfill liner. Adsorption characterization of geomaterials requires the use of a buffer for pH adjustment. Previous studies have not investigated the impact of using a buffer on the adsorption characteristics of swelling soils such as B. This study quantified the influence of sodium acetate (Na-Ac) buffer on the adsorption capacity of B and percentage removal of lead () using a batch adsorption study (BAS). The solution was adjusted using either nitric acid or Na-Ac buffer to maintain . The sediment volume of bentonite suspension in water at pH 5 adjusted with Na-Ac buffer was less than that using nitric acid. The lesser sediment volume was due mainly to the agglomeration of bentonite particles in the presence of Na-Ac buffer. The experimental findings corroborate that the use of Na-Ac buffer results in a notable reduction of adsorption capacity and percentage removal of by B. The highest percentage removal of ions was observed at a liquid-to-solid ratio () of 20 when pH was adjusted with nitric acid. The lowest percentage removal was noted at when pH was maintained using Na-Ac buffer. The influence of Na-Ac buffer also was evaluated by conducting a BAS for removal under a competitive environment of using sodium chloride (NaCl) and Na-Ac buffer. The interaction of with B in two different environments was confirmed by mineralogical, morphological, and spectral analysis postadsorption. According to this study, nitric acid can be a better alternative to Na-Ac buffer for the adsorption study of B in a controlled pH environment. If a buffer is used for the adjustment of pH in a BAS, its effect on the adsorption capacity and percentage removal should be taken into account when characterizing B for its practical application in water decontamination, waste containment system, and chemical reactive barrier projects.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and/or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Department of Science and Technology, India, for providing the funding for this research work via Project No. SR/S3/MERC/0040/2011. The authors also thank the Central Instrument Facility (CIF), Centre for the Environment, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, at Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IIT Guwahati) for providing the necessary support required for this research work.
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Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 148 • Issue 2 • February 2022
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Feb 18, 2021
Accepted: Oct 17, 2021
Published online: Dec 9, 2021
Published in print: Feb 1, 2022
Discussion open until: May 9, 2022
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