Comparison of Adsorption Behaviors of Kaolin from Column and Batch Tests: Concept of Dual Porosity
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 9
Abstract
Batch equilibrium tests with various soil-liquid ratios (, , , and ) and column tests with a flow interruption and rest period were performed to evaluate the adsorption behavior of kaolin. Identical isotherms were obtained from the batch equilibrium tests, illustrating that the S/L ratio has minimal impacts on adsorption behavior if complete mixing is ensured. In the column tests, a long non-Fickian tailing was observed in the breakthrough curve, and a decrease in the concentration of the liquid phase was observed in the closed system during the flow interruption and rest period although the column achieved local equilibrium. These results demonstrated that sorption equilibrium in the soil columns was not reached even when a stable exit concentration was achieved. The dual porosity (DP) concept was used to interpret the test results. Insufficient adsorption in the immobile phase is the major cause of the relatively low adsorbed concentration in short-term column tests, and a higher ratio of mobile phase voids compared to that of mobile phase adsorption capacity leads to a lower apparent retardation factor. The long-term transfer between the two phases is another key point that should be accounted for in the data analysis and modeling of column tests. Differences in immobile phase adsorption levels between tests under laboratory conditions and those under in situ conditions lead to discrepancies, which may confound the apparent retardation factor.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The financial support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China by Grant No. 41672284 and the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China by Grant No. 2018YFC1802304 is gratefully acknowledged.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 146 • Issue 9 • September 2020
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 3, 2020
Accepted: May 21, 2020
Published online: Jul 7, 2020
Published in print: Sep 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Dec 7, 2020
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