Seawater-Washed Activated Bauxite Residue for Fluoride Removal: Waste Utilization Technique
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 5
Abstract
Adsorption of fluoride on seawater-washed activated bauxite residue (SWABR) was studied by using fluoride ion analyzer (ion-selective electrode meter). Bauxite residue from the Bayer process is a waste of aluminium refinery, which is highly alkaline and generated in large quantities, which make its disposal a growing problem. The characterization of SWABR was done by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis (SEM/EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) techniques. The adsorption studies indicate the highest fluoride removal efficiency of 95.83% for a SWABR dosage of at pH 5. The effect of pH, SWABR dosage, contact time, and initial fluoride concentration on the fluoride removal efficiency was studied and discussed. Adsorption isotherm experiments showed that fluoride adsorption on SWABR fits Freundlich adsorption isotherm () better than Langmuir adsorption isotherm (). The field application of SWABR as an adsorbent for defluoridation of groundwater from Gadag District of Karnataka State, India, was also investigated.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Hindalco Industries, Belagavi, Karnataka, India, for supplying the bauxite residue. They would also like to thank SAIF facilities at Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, and STIC India, Cochin, for the XRD, FTIR, SEM-FEG, and TEM analyses.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 5 • May 2018
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©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 10, 2017
Accepted: Nov 1, 2017
Published online: Mar 15, 2018
Published in print: May 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Aug 15, 2018
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