ESI-MS, UV-Vis, and Theoretical Investigation of -Amoxicillin Complexation during Coagulation
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 3
Abstract
In this work, the complexation of the hazardous -lactamic antibiotic amoxicillin (AMX) with ions during coagulation was investigated. New bands in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra suggested that AMX molecules bind to and also displace ligands from a stable Fe thiocyanate complex. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) showed strong signals at and 816, corresponding to the and species, respectively, also indicating the complexation of with AMX molecules. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that among the different coordination modes of AMX to , complexation via the carboxylate group is more stable and less sterically hindered. These results suggest that during coagulation, the -AMX complexation-form stable intermediates are probably bound/trapped in the iron hydroxide precipitate. As a result of this process, significant amounts of AMX (approximately 69%) can be removed from aqueous solution. Experiments with heavily contaminated pharmaceutical industrial wastewaters showed very promising results with a strong decrease in AMX, TOC, and acute toxicity.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank the Foundation for Research Support of the State of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) and the Iara Project (BNDES) for their financial support.
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©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jan 17, 2017
Accepted: Jul 24, 2017
Published online: Jan 3, 2018
Published in print: Mar 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Jun 3, 2018
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