Oxidative Degradation of Quinoline Using Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Supported by Granular Activated Carbon
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 1
Abstract
The nano zero-valent iron supported granular activated carbon ( or ) was synthesized by the liquid chemical reduction method and further used for the oxidative degradation of quinoline. The was characterized by various techniques such as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). It was ascertained that iron is of zero state and well dispersed on GAC. The exhibited an H4 type hysteresis loop with a surface area of . The kinetic study reveals that quinoline degradation follows the pseudo–first order. At optimum conditions of , , , and , it was observed that (1) of quinoline and of total organic carbon (TOC) removal is obtained, (2) iron leaching is within the permissible limit, and (3) it requires for completion of the half-life of quinoline. The activation energy is , which indicates that quinoline removal is controlled by a chemical surface reaction. The degradation by-products of quinoline were analyzed. The mass fragments (of and 178) due to hydroxylation were obtained, which were further reduced into low fragments, which may lead to mineralization of quinoline.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to the Ministry of Human Resources and Development (MHRD), Government of India, for providing financial support to the first author to undertake this research work. The authors wish to thank also the editors and reviewers for their time and effort in reviewing our manuscript and helping us improve it with their valuable comments and suggestions. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinion or position of the affiliated institutions.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 1 • January 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 7, 2014
Accepted: Apr 28, 2015
Published online: Aug 7, 2015
Published in print: Jan 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Jan 7, 2016
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