In Situ Volumetric Filtration Physical Model to Separate Particulate Matter from Stormwater
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 141, Issue 9
Abstract
In the last several decades there has been a proliferation of structural best management practices (BMPs) for particulate matter (PM) sequestration. However, effective separation and continued retention of PM without washout throughout loading periods in which there is no maintenance remains challenging. In this study the physical modeling (in situ testing) of a volumetric clarifying filter (VCF) for separation and retention of PM was conducted for an urban source area () in north central Florida loaded by rainfall runoff. This paper examines the event-based response of a VCF unit for 25 events (384 mm of rainfall, of runoff over 13 months with no maintenance), differentiating the role of volumetric sedimentation ( tank) and depth filtration ( of cartridge surface area). Manual sampling was conducted with a PM mass balance over the monitoring campaign. Suspended sediment concentration (SSC), suspended and settleable PM fractions, and turbidity were measured. PM was further differentiated as particle size distributions (PSDs). A two-parameter (shape and scale) gamma distribution for PSDs was used to examine sedimentation and filtration. The VCF separated and retained 99% (median) of SSC, driven primarily by separation of sediment-size PM. Median values for settleable and suspended PM were 94 and 84%, with an 85% reduction for turbidity. The median mass-based of influent, primary effluent, and secondary effluent were 85, 10, and 3 μm. While the VCF was designed to provide separation and retention of suspended and settleable PM through filtration, the dominant mass-based mechanism for PM separation was gravitational sedimentation.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 141 • Issue 9 • September 2015
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 8, 2013
Accepted: Dec 16, 2014
Published online: Feb 24, 2015
Discussion open until: Jul 24, 2015
Published in print: Sep 1, 2015
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