Nutrient and Removal Kinetics Impacts on Salt Phytoremediation by Atriplex patula and Typha angustifolia
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 141, Issue 2
Abstract
Deicing salts are spread on roads in northern countries to ensure driver safety during snowfalls. These salts dissolve in road runoff. Various treatment devices have been developed to treat road runoff, but none can remove deicing salt. Phytoabsorption in a constructed wetland is suggested as an innovative option. Two species (Atriplex patula and Typha angustifolia) were selected from previous experiments to be established as the wetland vegetation. However, as this treatment is innovative, some challenges arose during the design process in determining an optimal residence time and substrate nutrient supply to maximize salt removal by plant absorption in a constructed wetland. To overcome those difficulties, this study evaluated the impact of nutrient concentration on plant salt absorption and the removal kinetics of plant salt absorption. Plants were grown in hydroponic conditions in two nutrient solutions with different nutrient concentrations (high and low)—Hoagland and a synthetic road runoff solution—to assess their influence on salt absorption. Plants grown with the Hoagland solution showed the highest aboveground biomass and the highest salt uptake (up to and ). To determine the salt absorption kinetics, plants were exposed for a period of one week to a solution of . Pseudo-first- and pseudo-second order models showed good agreement with experimental data. Salt concentrations in plant tissues increased and reached their maximum after one week. These results determined optimal nutrient supply (Hoagland ) and residence time (one week) with the aim of improving the performance of salted road runoff treatments by phytoabsorption.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Quebec Ministry of Transportation, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERCC), and Le Fond Québécois de recherche sur la nature et les technologies (FQRNT). The writers would like to thank C. Carter for her expertise and assistance.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 141 • Issue 2 • February 2015
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 18, 2013
Accepted: Jul 15, 2014
Published online: Sep 5, 2014
Published in print: Feb 1, 2015
Discussion open until: Feb 5, 2015
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