Ozonation of Propranolol: Transformation, Biodegradability, and Toxicity Assessment
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 137, Issue 8
Abstract
This work studies the ozonation of the pharmaceutical propranolol (PRO) in aqueous solution. Experimental results demonstrated that ozonation was an efficient method to remove PRO, achieving its complete abatement after 8 min of treatment (ozone dose of ), starting from a PRO initial concentration of . The total organic carbon (TOC) analysis indicated that 1 h of ozonation (ozone dose of ) was able to achieve only about 5% of the total organic carbon removal. The ozonation of PRO aqueous solutions has not promoted a prompt increase of the ratio of biological oxygen demand to chemical oxygen demand, thus indicating the need for higher ozone doses to initiate the biodegradability enhancement. The acute toxicity increased in the first minutes of reaction with a posterior reduction to values slightly higher than the toxicity of the PRO raw solution. Some early intermediate structures were proposed, and finally, kinetic constants for the direct attack of ozone on PRO structure were calculated. These values are in the order of magnitude of .
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Acknowledgments
The writers are grateful for the financial support of the Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain (Madrid) (projects UNSPECIFIEDCTQ2008-01710/PPQ and Consolider-Ingenio UNSPECIFIED2010 CSD2007-00055).
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Information & Authors
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 137 • Issue 8 • August 2011
Pages: 754 - 759
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 22, 2010
Accepted: Feb 16, 2011
Published online: Feb 18, 2011
Published in print: Aug 1, 2011
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