Automated Model-Based 3D Scan Planning for Prefabricated Building Components
Publication: Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering
Volume 37, Issue 2
Abstract
Modular construction can improve construction performance (i.e., cost, schedule, and safety) by prefabricating modules at an off-site facility and installing them at a construction site. However, when defects of modules are not easily repairable on the construction site, they cause additional cost overruns and delays due to long lead times of refabrication and reshipment. Thus, quality assessment of modular components at the fabrication facility before shipment is very important. The current inspection practices rely on manual measurement, which can be imprecise, labor-intensive, and time-consuming. To address this issue, some research efforts are made on the module inspection techniques (e.g., estimates of geometric properties and surface quality) using laser-scanned data. The accuracy of these techniques relies on the quality (i.e., coverage and resolution) of the scan data. However, ensuring the consistent quality of data is a major challenge as there is little to no research on optimal scan planning for modular components. Therefore, this paper proposes a model-based 3D scan planning method for modular components that ensures user-specified scan quality. Given a 3D computer-aided design (CAD) or building information modeling (BIM) model, scanner property, and user’s quality requirement, this method automatically computes the input parameters for the laser scanner (i.e., angular step and field of view) and optimal scan positions. It also predicts the scan quality and shows the areas that will not meet the user requirement due to geometric constraints (i.e., self-occluded surfaces). This study was validated through two case studies using two modular-sized structures in a fabrication facility. The results showed that the scan planner is able to accurately predict the scanning quality and ensure that the output scan will meet the user quality requirement.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, or codes that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the Department of Energy, under Award No. DE-AR0001155. The United States Government has a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish and reproduce the published form of this work and allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, and/or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
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Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering
Volume 37 • Issue 2 • March 2023
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© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 15, 2021
Accepted: Jul 6, 2022
Published online: Nov 24, 2022
Published in print: Mar 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Apr 24, 2023
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