Quantitative Resistance Assessment of SFRP-Strengthened RC Bridge Columns Subjected to Blast Loads
Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 34, Issue 4
Abstract
The blast resistance of a typical reinforced concrete bridge pier column design was modeled with a nonlinear finite element approach that considers material damage, fracture, and separation. While varying concrete strength, amount of longitudinal reinforcing steel, and gravity load, the effect of applying an externally bonded steel fiber reinforced polymer (SFRP) wrapping was assessed. The presented approach uniquely quantifies column blast resistance in terms of charge weight. It was found that blast capacity was roughly linearly related to concrete strength and steel reinforcement ratio, the former of which is most influential. It was further found that a single layer of SFRP modestly increased blast resistance, while additional SFRP layers provided minimal benefit.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
References
AASHTO. 2017. LRFD bridge design specifications. 8th ed. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
Bai, Y., and W. Jin. 2016. Marine structural design. 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Cofer, W., D. Matthews, and D. McLean. 2010. “Effects of blast loading on prestressed girder bridges.” Shock Vib. 19 (1): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/186272.
Eamon, C., and A. Alsendi. 2017. Resistance of columns subjected to blast loads. Warszawa, Poland: PWB Media Zdzieblowski.
Eamon, C., J. Baylot, and J. O’Daniel. 2004. “Modeling concrete masonry walls subjected to explosive loads.” J. Eng. Mech. 130 (9): 1098–1106. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2004)130:9(1098).
Eamon, C., I. Darwish, and A. Alsendi. 2018. Development of secondary route bridge design plan guides.
Foglar, M., R. Hajek, J. Fladr, J. Pachman, and J. Stoller. 2017. “Full-scale experimental testing of the blast resistance of HPFRC and UHPFRC bridge decks.” Constr. Build. Mater. 145 (Aug): 588–601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.054.
Foglar, M., and M. Kovar. 2013. “Conclusions from experimental testing of blast resistance of FRC and RC bridge decks.” Int. J. Impact Eng. 59 (Sep): 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2013.03.008.
Fujikura, S., and M. Bruneau. 2011. “Experimental investigation of seismically resistant bridge piers under blast loading.” J. Bridge Eng. 16 (1): 63–71. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000124.
Hardwire. 2014. “Hardwire armor systems: Hardwire tapes.” Accessed December 1, 2014. https://www.hardwirellc.com.
Heffernan, P., G. Wight, and M.-A. Erki. 2011. “Research on the use of FRP for critical load-bearing infrastructure in conflict zones.” J. Compos. Constr. 15 (2): 136–145. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000077.
Holmquist, T., G. Johnson, and W. Cook. 1993. “A computational constitutive model for concrete subjected to large strains, high strain rates, and high pressures.” In Vol. 2 of Proc., 14th Int. Symp., Warhead Mechanisms, Terminal Ballistics, 1993, Quebec, Canada, 591–600. Arlington: Australian Dental Prosthetists Association.
Hyde, D. 1988. User’s guide for microcomputer program CONWEP, applications of TM 5-855-1. Vicksburg, MS: US Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station Instruction.
Islam, A. A., and N. Yazdani. 2008. “Performance of AASHTO girder bridges under blast loading.” Eng. Struct. 30 (7): 1922–1937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.12.014.
Kingery, C., and G. Bulmash. 1984. Air-blast parameters from TNT spherical air burst and hemispherical surface burst. Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD: US Army Ballistic Research Laboratory.
Lawver, D., R. Daddazio, G. J. Oh, C. K. B. Lee, A. B. Pifko, and M. Stanley. 2003. “Simulating the response of composite reinforced floor slabs subjected to blast loading.” In Proc., 2003 ASME Int. Mechanical Engineering Congress. New York: ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2003-43870.
Livermore Software Technology Corporation. 2018. LS-DYNA keyword user’s manual, version 971. Livermore, CA: Livermore Software Technology Corporation.
Malvar, L., J. Crawford, and K. Morrill. 2007. “Use of composites to resist blast.” J. Compos. Constr. 11 (6): 601–610. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2007)11:6(601).
Silva, P., and B. Lu. 2007. “Improving the blast resistance capacity of RC slabs with innovative composite materials.” Composites 38 (5–6): 523–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.06.015.
Williams, G. 2009. “Analysis and response mechanisms of blast loaded reinforced concrete columns.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Texas at Austin.
Williams, G., C. Holland, E. Williamson, O. Bayrak, K. Marchand, and J. Ray. 2008. Blast-resistant highway bridges: design and detailing guidelines. Ashurst Lodge, UK: WIT Press.
Williams, G., and E. Williamson. 2011. “Response of reinforced concrete bridge columns subjected to blast loads.” J. Bridge Eng. 137 (9): 903–913. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000440.
Williamson, E., O. Bayrak, C. Davis, and G. Williams. 2011a. “Performance of bridge columns subjected to blast loads. I: Experimental program.” J. Bridge Eng. 16 (6): 693–702. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000220.
Williamson, E., O. Bayrak, C. Davis, and G. Williams. 2011b. “Performance of bridge columns subjected to blast loads. II: Results and recommendations.” J. Bridge Eng. 16 (6): 703–710. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000221.
Winget, D., K. Marchand, and E. Williamson. 2005. “Analysis and design of critical bridges subjected to blast loads.” J. Bridge Eng. 131 (8): 1243–1255. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1243.
Yi, Z., A. Agrawal, M. Ettouney, and S. Alampalli. 2014a. “Blast load effects on highway bridges. I: Modeling and blast load effects.” J. Bridge Eng. 19 (4): 04013023. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000547.
Yi, Z., A. Agrawal, M. Ettouney, and S. Alampalli. 2014b. “Blast load effects on highway bridges. II: Failure modes and multihazard correlations.” J. Bridge Eng. 19 (4): 04013024. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000548.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 34 • Issue 4 • August 2020
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 21, 2019
Accepted: Jan 13, 2020
Published online: Apr 30, 2020
Published in print: Aug 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Sep 30, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.