Performance of the Underpinning Piles for Basement-Supplementing Retrofit of a Constructed Building
Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 31, Issue 4
Abstract
Development of underground space in urban areas may be obstructed by the aboveground facilities that are in good condition. Instead of building new aboveground structures, an alternative solution is to add new basements under the existing structures. One of the key issues arising from this complicated technique is the behavior of the underpinning piles. This paper considers this issue in terms of a real case recently addressed in China. The retrofit construction procedure was carefully monitored. Observations included the axial-loading and excavation-unloading responses of the underpinning piles, the axial forces transmitted from the piles to the replacing pillars, and the variations in building settlement. The results indicated that the piles acted well as an underpinning role in transferring structure load into surrounding geomaterials. The mobilization degree of the pile-shaft friction increased as the shallow strata were excavated further. Abrupt increase in pillar force and building settlement were detected when the exposed portions of the piles were cut, and therefore the cutting operation should be careful for safety control. The performance-based analyses support the pile-pillar load transmission method and offer a fairly successful reference to future applications.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41472284) and the Grant for Commonwealth Orientated Technologies of Zhejiang Province (No. 2015C31006). Thanks also are given to Professor Shi-min Zhang at Zhejiang University City College, China, for his technical support in test arrangements.
References
Brian, S., and Paul, J. V. (2013). “Results of monitoring at the British library excavation.” Geotech. Eng., 167(GE2), 99–116.
Chinese Standard. (2010). “Code for design of concrete structures.”, China Construction Industry Press, Beijing (in Chinese).
Chinese Standard. (2012). Technical code for retaining and protection of building foundation excavation, China Construction Industry Press, Beijing (in Chinese).
Chinese Standard. (2014). Technical code for testing of building foundation piles, China Construction Industry Press, Beijing (in Chinese).
Emilions, M. C., Christos, T. A., and Michael, K. G. (2003). “Numerical assessment of axial pile group response based on load test.” Comput. Geotech., 30(6), 505–515.
Eunsu, S., Hossain, M. S., Teruo, N., Masaya, H., and Makoto, Y. (2006). “Ground behavior due to tunnel excavation with existing foundation.” Soil. Found., 46(2), 189–207.
Fellenius, B. H., Kim, S. R., and Chung, S. G. (2009). “Long-term monitoring of strain in instrumented piles.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 1583–1595.
Gong, X. N., Wu, C. J., Yu, F., Fang, K., and Yang, M. (2013). “Shaft resistance loss of piles due to excavation beneath existing basements.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 35(11), 1957–1964 (in Chinese).
Jim, C. Y. (2004). “Green-space preservation and allocation for sustainable greening of compact cities.” Cities, 21(4), 311–320.
Liu, C., Zhang, Z. X., and Richard, A. R. (2014). “Pile and pile group response to tunnelling using a large diameter slurry shield—Case study in Shanghai.” Comput. Geotech., 59(6), 21–43.
Mroueh, M., and Shahrour, I. (2002). “Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the interaction between tunneling and pile foundations.” Géotechnique, 26(3), 217–230.
Mylonakis, G., and Gazetas, G. (1998). “Settlement and additional internal forces of grouped piles in layered soil.” Géotechnique, 48(1), 55–72.
Ou, C. Y., Liao, J. T., and Cheng, W. L. (2000). “Building response and ground movements induced by a deep excavation.” Géotechnique, 50(3), 209–220.
Pio-Go, H. and Ou, C. Y. (1998). “Shape of ground surface settlement profiles caused by excavation.” Can. Geotech. J., 35(6), 1004–1017.
Qiu, C. H., Zhan, Y. Q., Qin, Y. K., and Pi, S. G. (1999). “Structural design for renovation and extension of Beijing music hall.” Building Science, 15(6), 28–32 (in Chinese).
Randolph, M. F., and Wroth, C. P. (1978). “Analysis of deformation of vertically loaded piles.” J. Geotech. Eng. Div., 104(12), 1465–1488.
Randolph, M. F., and Wroth, C. P. (1979). “An analysis of the vertical deformation of pile groups.” Géotechnique, 29(4), 423–439.
Roboski, J., and Finno, R. J. (2006). “Distributions of ground movements parallel to deep excavations in clay.” Can. Geotech. J., 43(1), 43–58.
Shan, H. F., Xia, T. D., Hu, J. H., Yu, F., and Qiu, H. M. (2015a). “Buckling stability analysis of pile foundation for excavation beneath the basement of existing building.” Rock Soil Mech., 36(S2), 507–512 (in Chinese).
Shan, H. F., Xia, T. D., Yu, F., and Lou, C. H. (2015b). “Settlement of pile groups associated with excavation beneath existing basement.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 37(S1), 46–50 (in Chinese).
Wen, Y. W., Liu, S. Y., Hu, M. L., and Zhang, G. Z. (2013). “Deformation control techniques for existing buildings during construction process of basement.” Chin. J. Geotech. Eng., 35(10), 1914–1921 (in Chinese).
Wu, C. J., Gong, X. N., Fang, K., Yu, F., and Zhang, Q. Q. (2014a). “Effect of excavation beneath existing buildings on loading stiffness of piles.” Chin. J. Rock Mech. Eng., 33(8), 1526–1535 (in Chinese).
Wu, C. J., Gong, X. N., Yu, F., Lou, C. H., and Liu, N. W. (2014b). “Pile base resistance loss for excavation beneath existing high-rise building.” J. Zhejiang Univ. (Eng. Sci.), 48(4), 671–678 (in Chinese).
Wu, C. J., Yu, F., Gong, X. N., Lin, C. G., and Liang, R. Z. (2014c). “Influence of excavation unloading on vertical bearing behavior of existing pile groups.” Rock Soil Mech., 35(9), 2602–2608 (in Chinese).
Zhang, R. J., Zheng, J. J., Pu, H. F., and Zhang, L. M. (2011a). “Analysis of excavation-induced responses of loaded pile foundations considering unloading effect.” Tunnell. Undergr. Space Technol., 26(2), 320–335.
Zhang, R. J., Zheng, J. J., Zhang, L. M., and Pu, H. F. (2011b). “An analysis method for the influence of tunneling on adjacent loaded pile groups with rigid elevated caps.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Method. Geomech., 35(18), 1949–1971.
Zhang, Z. M., Zhang, Q. Q., and Yu, F. (2011). “A destructive field study on the behavior of piles under tension and compression.” J. Zhejiang Univ.–Sci. A, 12(4), 291–300.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 20, 2016
Accepted: Nov 7, 2016
Published ahead of print: Feb 14, 2017
Published online: Feb 15, 2017
Discussion open until: Jul 15, 2017
Published in print: Aug 1, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.