Effectiveness of Distributed Mass Damper Systems for Lightweight Superstructures
Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 28, Issue 6
Abstract
Distributed mass damper (DMD) systems are discussed as a method of suppressing lateral motions of superstructures during wind storms and earthquakes. Potentially, DMD systems are a technology that is economical enough for widespread application to buildings or other structures. Focus is placed on lightweight superstructures as a reflection of the trend toward the use of ultra-lightweight floor slabs in high-rise buildings. Results of model-scale experiments are presented that show that tuned mass damper (TMD) systems that add between 1.3 and 2% to the total superstructure gravitational mass are effective methods of increasing damping in superstructures and reducing peak lateral accelerations during forced vibration events. In those experiments, tuned sloshing dampers (TSDs) were employed in conjunction with floor and roof plates that simulated ultra-lightweight slabs constructed from cross-laminated timber (CLT), which is a new material option in North America. The use of TSDs was a surrogate for TMDs in general, but such devices are expected to be economic and can easily be tuned to match free vibration frequencies of superstructures. A concept for incorporating DMD arrays as parts of multimaterial ultra-lightweight floor slabs is presented in the context of high-rise building superstructures having moment-resisting frameworks made of steel, reinforced concrete, or other materials that work in conjunction with the slabs and shear walls to form superstructures. The main conclusion is that DMDs are a practical and potentially economic approach for suppressing undesirable motions of lightweight high-rise superstructures. Continuing work is focused on developing and optimizing low-cost TMDs and design of DMD systems for specific buildings or other structures.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
Funding for this research was provided by the New Brunswick Innovation Foundation under their Research Assistant Initiative and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada under the Strategic Network on Innovative Wood Products and Building Systems and their Discovery Grants Program.
References
Asiz, A., and Smith, I. (2009). “Demands placed on steel frameworks of tall buildings having reinforced concrete or massive wood horizontal slabs.” Struct. Eng. Int., 19(4), 395–403.
Asiz, A., and Smith, I. (2010). “Tall hybrid RC framed buildings with massive timber floor plates.” Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Structures and Architecture, Paulo J. Da Sousa Cruz, ed., CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, 8.
Augusti, G., Baratta, A., and Casciat, F. (1984). Probabilistic methods in structural engineering, Chapman and Hall, New York.
Banerji, P., Murudi, M., Shah, A. H., and Popplewell, N. (2000). “Tuned liquid dampers for controlling earthquake response of structures.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 29(5), 587–602.
Buchanan, A. H. (2000). “Fire performance of timber construction.” Prog. Struct. Eng. Mater., 2(3), 278–289.
Cherry, S., and Filiatrault, A. (1993). “Some seismic studies of friction damped structures.” Proc., 17th European Regional Earthquake Engineering Seminar for Young Scientists and Designers, A. Rutenberg, ed., CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, 19.
Chopra, A. K. (2011). Dynamics of structures: Theory and applications to earthquake engineering, 4th Ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Erdle, A. (2013). “Control of the dynamic performance of hybrid steel frame superstructures using distributed tuned sloshing dampers.” M.Sc. thesis, Univ. of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada.
Housner, G. W. (1954). “Earthquake pressures on fluid containers.” 8th Technical Rep. under Office of Naval Research, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.
Hu, S. (1991). “The earthquake resistant properties of Chinese traditional architecture.” Earthquake Spectra, 7(3), 355–389.
Huang, K. M., and Chou, T. J. (1995). “Use of active mass dampers for wind and seismic control on super-high-rise buildings.” Struct. Des. Tall Build., 4(1), 27–45.
Kareem, A., and Gurley, K. (1996). “Damping in structures: Its evaluation and treatment of uncertainty.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 59(2–3), 131–157.
Kareem, A., Kijewski, T., and Tamura, Y. (1999). “Mitigations of motions of tall buildings with specific examples of recent applications.” Wind Struct., 2(3), 201–251.
Knoll, F., and Vogel, T. (2009). “Design for robustness.” Structural Engineering Document 11, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, Zurich, Switzerland.
Konar, T., and Ghosh, A. (2013). “Bimodal vibration control of seismically excited structures by the liquid column vibration absorber.” J. Vib. Control, 19(3), 385–394.
Kourakis, I. (2007). “Structural systems and tuned mass dampers for super-tall buildings: Case study of Taipei 101.” M.E. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA.
Lam, F., He, M., and Yao, C. (2008). “Example of traditional tall timber buildings in China—The Yingxian Pagoda.” Struct. Eng. Int., 18(2), 126–129.
Langenbach, R. (2008). “Resisting Earth’s forces: Typologies of timber buildings in history.” Struct. Eng. Int., 18(2), 137–140.
Lee, D., and Ng, M. (2010). “Application of tuned liquid dampers for the efficient structural design of slender tall buildings.” Council Tall Build. Urban Habitat J., 4(4), 30–36.
Morgen, B., and Kurama, Y. (2008). “Seismic response evaluation of posttensioned precast concrete frames with friction dampers.” J. Struct. Eng., 132–145.
Post, N. M. (2008). “A sleek skyscraper in San Francisco raises the profile of performance-based design.” Architectural Record, 〈http://continuingeducation.construction.com〉 (Jan. 23, 2012).
Reid, S. G. (2000). “Acceptable risk criteria.” Prog. Struct. Eng. Mater., 2(2), 254–262.
Setareh, M. (2010a). “Vibration serviceability of a building floor structure. I: Dynamic testing and computer modeling.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 497–507.
Setareh, M. (2010b). “Vibration serviceability of a building floor structure. II: Vibration evaluation and assessment.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil., 508–518.
Smith, R. E. (2010). Prefab architecture: A guide to modular design and construction, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.
Spencer, B. F., and Nagarajaiah, S. (2003). “State of the art of structural control.” J. Struct. Eng., 845–856.
Stevenson, J. D. (1980). “Structural damping values as a function of dynamic stress response and deformation levels.” Nucl. Eng. Des., 60(2), 211–237.
Ugalde, J. A., Kutter, B. L., and Jeremić, B. (2010). “Rocking response of bridges on shallow foundations.” Rep. No. PEER 2010/101, Univ. of California, Davis, CA, 77.
Weckendorf, J., and Smith, I. (2012). “Multi-functional interface concept for high-rise hybrid building systems with structural timber.” Proc., World Conf. on Timber Engineering, New Zealand Timber Design Society, Auckland, New Zealand, 6.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 28 • Issue 6 • December 2014
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 11, 2013
Accepted: Dec 5, 2013
Published online: Dec 7, 2013
Published in print: Dec 1, 2014
Discussion open until: Dec 11, 2014
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.