Flexural Response of Marble Panels Strengthened with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Laminates

Data Availability Statement

Acknowledgments

Notation

b

width of stone panel;

E_f

modulus of elasticity of FRP;

E_s

modulus of elasticity of stone;

E_y

modulus of elasticity of system at yield;

F_ftu

ultimate tensile force of FRP;

F_fty

yield tensile force of FRP;

F_sccr1

first crack compressive force of stone;

F_sccr2

second crack compressive force of stone;

F_scu

ultimate compressive force of stone;

F_scy

yield compressive force of stone;

F_stcr1

first crack tensile force of stone;

F_stcr2

second crack tensile force of stone;

h

depth of one stone panel;

h_cr2

depth of stone at second crack;

I_s

moment of inertia of stone;

I_y

moment of inertia of system at yield;

K_s

stiffness of stone;

K_y

stiffness of system at yield;

L

span (length) of stone panel;

L_d

delamination length;

L_p

plastification length;

M_cr1

moment at first crack;

M_cr2

moment at second crack;

M_p

moment at plastification;

M_r

moment at rupture;

M_u

moment at ultimate;

M_y

moment at yield;

P_cr1

load at first crack;

P_cr2

load at second crack;

P_p

load at plastification;

P_r

load at rupture;

P_u

load at ultimate;

P_y

load at yield;

t_f

thickness of FRP reinforcement;

w_y

crack width opening at yield;

x

distance from neutral axis to stone compression fiber;

x_r

depth of neutral axis at rupture;

x_u

depth of neutral axis at ultimate;

x_y

depth of neutral axis at yield;

Δ_cr1

deformation at first crack;

Δ_cr2

deformation at second crack;

ΔP_y

increase in load at yield due to crack width opening;

Δ_p

deformation at start of plastification;

${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{p_o}$

deformation at end of plastification;

Δ_r

deformation at rupture for full delamination;

${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{r_o}$

deformation at rupture for partial delamination;

Δ_u

deformation at ultimate;

Δ_y

deformation at yield;

ɛ_fd

delamination strain of FRP;

ɛ_ftu

ultimate strain at FRP tension fiber;

ɛ_fty

yield strain at FRP tension fiber;

ɛ_fu

ultimate strain of FRP;

ɛ_sc

generalized strain at stone compression fiber;

ɛ_sccr1

first crack strain at stone compression fiber;

ɛ_sccr2

second crack strain at stone compression fiber;

ɛ_scr

rupture strain at stone compression fiber;

ɛ_scu

ultimate strain at stone compression fiber;

ɛ_scy

yield strain at stone compression fiber;

ɛ_sr

rupture strain of stone;

ɛ_stcr1

first crack strain at stone tension fiber;

ɛ_stcr2

second crack strain at stone tension fiber;

ɛ_su

ultimate strain of stone;

σ_ftu

ultimate stress at FRP tension fiber;

σ_fty

yield stress at FRP tension fiber;

σ_fu

ultimate stress of FRP;

σ_sc

generalized stress at stone compression fiber;

σ_sccr1

first crack stress at stone compression fiber;

σ_sccr2

second crack stress at stone compression fiber;

σ_scu

ultimate stress at stone compression fiber;

σ_scy

yield stress at stone compression fiber;

σ_sr

compressive rupture stress of stone;

σ_stcr1

first crack stress at stone tension fiber;

σ_stcr2

second crack stress at stone tension fiber;

σ_su

compressive ultimate Stress of stone;

ϕ_cr1

curvature at first crack;

ϕ_cr2

curvature at second crack;

${\varphi }_{p_o}$

curvature at end of plastification;

ϕ_p

curvature at start of plastification;

ϕ_r

curvature at rupture for full delamination;

${\varphi }_{r_o}$

curvature at rupture for partial delamination;

ϕ_u

curvature at ultimate; and

ϕ_y

curvature at yield.

References