Technical Papers
Oct 11, 2018

Influence of Gross-to-Cracked Section Moment of Inertia Ratio on Long-Term Deflections in GFRP-Reinforced Concrete Members

Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 22, Issue 6

Abstract

An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the gross-to-cracked section moment of inertia ratio Ig:Icr on the long-term deflection multiplier for glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforced concrete beams subjected to sustained loading. Ten beams (eight GFRP-reinforced beams and two steel-reinforced beams) were maintained under a constant sustained service load for nearly three years. Long-term deflections were monitored on each beam over the duration of the test. Based on the results, the long-term deflection multiplier was found to be related to the gross-to-cracked section moment of inertia of the beam cross section. These trends were further confirmed by an examination of results published by other researchers and from an analytical study based on simple deflection models.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Hughes Brothers, Inc. and Concrete Protection Products, Inc. for their donation of FRP materials to support this research study. The authors also thank the Villanova University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering for its support of this research study.

References

ACI. 2003. Guide for the design and construction of concrete reinforced with FRP bars. ACI 440.1R. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
ACI. 2014. Building code requirements for reinforced concrete and commentary. ACI 318. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
ACI. 2015. Guide for the design and construction of structural concrete reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars. ACI 440.1R. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
Arockiasamy, M., A. Amer, and M. Shahawy. 1998. “Environmental and long-term studies of CFRP cables and CFRP reinforced concrete beams.” In Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Durability of Composites for Construction, 599–610. Sherbrooke, QC, Canada: Univ. of Sherbrooke.
Aslan FRP. 2005. “Aslan 100 GFRP Rebar Brochure.” Accessed September 4, 2005. http://aslanfrp.com/resources/Aslan-100-GFRP-Rebar-brochure.pdf.
Benmokrane, B., O. Chaallal, and R. Masmoudi. 1996. “Flexural response of concrete beams reinforced with FRP reinforcing bars.” ACI Struct. J. 93 (1): 46–55.
Bischoff, P. H. 2005. “A rational proposal for predicting beam deflection.” In Proc., 33rd Annual General Conf. of the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, GC-299-1–GC-299-10. Montreal, Canada: Canadian Society of Civil Engineering.
Bischoff, P. H., and S. P. Gross. 2011. “Equivalent moment of inertia based on integration of curvature.” J. Compos. Constr. 15 (3): 263–273. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000164.
Branson, D. E. 1963. Instantaneous and time-dependent deflections of simple and continuous reinforced concrete beams. Auburn, AL: Alabama Highway Dept. Bureau of Public Roads.
Branson, D. E., and M. L. Christiason. 1971. “Time-dependent concrete properties related to design—Strength and elastic properties, creep and shrinkage.” Spec. Publ. 27: 257–277.
Brown, V. 1997. “Sustained load deflections in GFRP-reinforced concrete beams.” In Vol. 2 of Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Nonmetallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, 495–502. Tokyo: Japanese Concrete Institute.
Gross, S. P., J. R. Yost, and G. Kevgas. 2003. “Time-dependent behavior of normal and high strength concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars under sustained loads.” In Proc., Int. Conf. on High Performance Materials in Bridges, 451–462. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Gross, S. P., J. R. Yost, and D. J. Stefanski. 2009. “Effect of sustained loads on flexural crack width in concrete beams reinforced with internal FRP reinforcement.” In Serviceability of concrete members reinforced with internal/external FRP reinforcement, edited by C. E. Ospina, P. H. Bischoff, and T. Alkhrdaji, 13–32. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
Hall, T., and A. Ghali. 2000. “Long-term deflection prediction of concrete members reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer bars.” Can. J. Civ. Eng. 27 (5): 890–898. https://doi.org/10.1139/l00-009.
Kage, T., Y. Masuda, Y. Tanano, and K. Sato. 1995. “Long-term deflections of continuous fiber reinforced concrete beams.” In Proc., 2nd Int. Symp. on Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, 251–258. Paris: RILEM.
Miàs, C., L. Torres, A. Turon, M. Baena, and C. Barris. 2010a. “A simplified method to obtain time-dependent curvatures and deflections of concrete members reinforced with FRP bars.” Compos. Struct. 92 (8): 1833–1838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.01.016.
Miàs, C., L. Torres, A. Turon, M. Baena, I. Vilanova, and M. Llorens. 2010b. “Experimental study of time-dependent behaviour of concrete members reinforced with GFRP bars.” In Proc., 5th Int. Conf. on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, 352–355. Winnipeg, Canada: International Institute for FRP in Construction.
Miàs, C., L. Torres, A. Turon, and C. Barris. 2013a. “Experimental study of immediate and time-dependent deflections of GFRP reinforced concrete beams.” Compos. Struct. 96: 279–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.08.052.
Miàs, C., L. Torres, A. Turon, and I. Sharaky. 2013b. “Effect of material properties on long-term deflection of GFRP reinforced concrete beams.” Constr. Build. Mater. 41: 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.055.
Torres, L., C. Miàs, A. Turon, and M. Baena. 2012. “A rational method to predict long-term deflections of FRP reinforced concrete member.” Eng. Struct. 40: 230–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.02.021.
Wang, Z., Y. Goto, and O. Joh. 1997. “Bond characteristics of FRP rods and effect on long term deflection of concrete beams.” In Vol. 2 of Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Nonmetallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, 389–396. Tokyo: Japanese Concrete Institute.
Washa, G. W. 1947. “Plastic flow of thin reinforced concrete slabs.” ACI J. 44 (11): 237–260.
Washa, G. W., and P. G. Fluck. 1952. “Effect of compressive reinforcement on the plastic flow of reinforced concrete beams.” ACI J. 49 (10): 89–108.
Washa, G. W., and P. G. Fluck. 1956. “Plastic flow (creep) of reinforced concrete continuous beams.” ACI J. 52 (1): 549–561.
Yost, J. R., S. P. Gross, and D. W. Dinehart. 2003. “Effective moment of inertia for glass fiber-reinforced polymer-reinforced concrete beams.” ACI Struct. J. 100 (6): 732–739.
Yu, W. W., and G. Winter. 1960. “Instantaneous and long-time deflections of reinforced concrete beams under working loads.” ACI J. 57 (7): 29–50.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Composites for Construction
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 22Issue 6December 2018

History

Received: May 31, 2017
Accepted: Jun 12, 2018
Published online: Oct 11, 2018
Published in print: Dec 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Mar 11, 2019

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Shawn P. Gross, A.M.ASCE
Associate Professor and Department Chair, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova Univ., Villanova, PA 19085.
Stephanie L. Walkup, M.ASCE
Doctoral Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova Univ., Villanova, PA 19085.
Eric S. Musselman, M.ASCE [email protected]
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova Univ., Villanova, PA 19085 (corresponding author). Email: [email protected]
Dennis J. Stefanski
Project Manager—Special Projects, Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, 1234 Market St. 12th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19107; formerly, Graduate Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova Univ., Villanova, PA 19085.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share