Innovative Structural and Energy Retrofitting System for Masonry Walls Using Textile Reinforced Mortars Combined with Thermal Insulation: In-Plane Mechanical Behavior
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 22, Issue 5
Abstract
Textile reinforced mortars (TRM) and thermal insulating materials are integrated in a new system for structural (including seismic) and energy retrofitting of masonry. The proposed system is investigated experimentally by performing medium-scale tests on three series of masonry walls subjected to in-plane cyclic loading. Key parameters under investigation included the use of one-sided versus two-sided insulation and/or TRM jacketing, and placement of the TRM outside the insulation or between the insulation and the masonry. On the basis of the results obtained in this study the authors believe that TRM jacketing may be combined effectively with thermal insulation to substantially increase the capacity of masonry walls subjected to in-plane cyclic loading. The experimental results prove that the exact positioning of the TRM and the insulating material does not play an important role in the in-plane response of retrofitted walls, as long as proper bonding between the different layers is achieved.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to thank Ms K. Verroiou for her assistance in the experimental program. The work reported in this paper was partially funded by the European Commission, through the FP7 ITN project ENDURE.
References
Alecci, V., M. De Stefano, R. Luciano, L. Rovero, and G. Stipo. 2016. “Experimental investigation on bond behaviour of cement-matrix composites for strengthening masonry structures.” J. Compos. Constr. 20 (1): 04015041. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000598.
Anastaselos, D., E. Giama, and A. M. Papadopoulos. 2009. “An assessment tool for the energy, economic and environmental evaluation of thermal insulation solutions.” Energy Build. 41 (11): 1165–1171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.06.003.
Askouni, P. D., and C. G. Papanicolaou. 2016 “Experimental investigation of bond between TRM overlay and masonry.” In Proc., 10th Int. Conf. on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions (SAHC2016). London: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group.
Askouni, P. D., and C. G. Papanicolaou. 2017. “Experimental investigation of bond between glass textile reinforced mortar overlays and masonry: The effect of bond length.” Mater. Struct. 50 (2): 164 https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-017-1033-7.
Babaeidarabad, S., F. De Caso, and A. Nanni. 2014. “Out-of-plane behavior of URM walls strengthened with fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix composite.” J. Compos. Constr. 18 (4): 04013057. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000457.
Bilotta, A., F. Ceroni, E. Nigro, and M. Pecce. 2017. “Experimental tests on FRCM strengthening system for tuff masonry elements.” Constr. Build. Mater. 138: 114–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.01.124.
Bomberg, M., J. Lstiburek, and F. Nabhan. 1997. “Long-term, hydrothermal performance of exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS).” J. Build. Phys. 20 (3): 223–248. https://doi.org/10.1177/109719639702000305.
Caggegi, C., F. G. Carozzi, S. De Santis, F. Fabbrocino, F. Focacci, L. Hojdys, E. Lanoye, and L. Zuccarino. 2017. “Experimental analysis on tensile and bond properties of PBO and Aramid fabric reinforced cementitious matrix for 1873 strengthening masonry structures.” Compos. Part B 127: 175–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.05.048.
Carozzi, F. G., et al. 2017. “Experimental investigation of tensile and bond properties of Carbon-FRCM composites for strengthening masonry elements.” Compos. Part B 128: 100–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.06.018.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 1993. Methods of test for mortar for masonry—Part 11: Determination of flexural and compressive strength of hardened mortar. EN 1015-11. Brussels, Belgium: CEN.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 1998. Methods of test for masonry. Part 1: Determination of compressive strength. EN 1052-1. Brussels, Belgium: CEN.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 2000. Methods of test for masonry units. Part 1: Determination of compressive strength. EN 772-1. Brussels, Belgium: CEN.
D’Ambrisi, A., L. Feo, and F. Focacci. 2013. “Experimental and analytical investigation on bond between carbon-FRCM materials and masonry.” Compos. Part B 46: 15–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.10.018.
De Felice, G., S. De Santis, L. Garmendia, B. Ghiassi, P. Larrinaga, P. B. Lourenco, D. V. Oliveira, F. Paolacci, and C. G. Papanicolaou. 2014. “Mortar-based systems for externally bonded strengthening of masonry.” Mater. Struct. 47 (12): 2021–2037. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0360-1.
De Santis, S., et al. 2017. “Round Robin Test on tensile and bond behavior of steel reinforced grout systems.” Compos. Part B 127: 100–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.03.052.
Faella, C., E. Martinelli, E. Nigro, and S. Paciello. 2004. “Tuff masonry walls strengthened with a new kind of C-FRP sheet: Experimental tests and analysis.” In Proc., 13th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, Paper No. 923. Vancouver, Canada: Canadian Association for Earthquake Engineering/International Association for Earthquake Engineering.
Garmendia, L., J. T. San-Jose, and P. Larrinaga. 2011. “Rehabilitation of masonry arches with compatible advanced composite material.” Constr. Build. Mater. 25 (12): 4374–4385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.03.065.
Harajli, M., H. ElKhatib, and J. Tomas San-Jose. 2010. “Static and cyclic out-of-plane response of masonry walls strengthened using textile-mortar system.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 22 (11): 1171–1180. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000128.
Huang, Y., J. L. Niu, and T. M. Chung. 2013. “Study on performance of energy-efficient retrofitting measures on commercial building external walls in cooling-dominant cities.” Appl. Energy 103: 97–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.09.003.
Jelle, B. P. 2011. “Traditional, state-of-the-art and future thermal building insulation materials and solutions: Properties, requirements and possibilities.” Energy Build. 43 (10): 2549–2563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.05.015.
Kolaitis, D. I., E. Malliotakis, D. A. Kontogeorgos, I. Mandilaras, D. I. Katsourinis, and M. A. Founti. 2013. “Comparative assessment of internal and external thermal insulation systems for energy efficient retrofitting of residential buildings.” Energy Build. 64: 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.04.004.
Koutas, L., S. N. Bousias, and T. C. Triantafillou. 2015a. “Seismic strengthening of masonry infilled RC frames with TRM: Experimental study.” J. Compos. Constr. 19 (2): 04014048. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000507.
Koutas, L., T. C. Triantafillou, and S. N. Bousias. 2015b. “Analytical modeling of masonry infilled RC frames retrofitted with textile reinforced mortar.” J. Compos. Constr. 19 (5): 04014082. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000553.
Krevaikas, T. 2005. “Strengthening of unreinforced masonry structures with advanced composites.” [In Greek.] Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Patras.
Leone, M., et al. 2017. “Glass fabric reinforced cementitious matrix: Tensile properties and bond performance on masonry substrate.” Compos. Part B 127: 196–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.06.028.
Lignola, G. P., et al. 2017. “Performance assessment of basalt FRCM for retrofit applications on masonry.” Compos. Part B 128: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.05.003.
Nurchi, A., and M. Valdes. 2005. “Strengthening of stone masonry columns by means of cement-based composite wrapping.” In Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Composites in Construction, 1189–1196. Lyon, France.
Papanicolaou, C. G., T. C. Triantafillou, K. Karlos, and M. Papathanasiou. 2007. “Textile reinforced mortar (TRM) versus FRP as strengthening material of URM walls: In-plane cyclic loading.” Mater. Struct. 40 (10): 1081–1097. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-006-9207-8.
Papanicolaou, C. G., T. C. Triantafillou, M. Papathanasiou, and K. Karlos. 2008. “Textile reinforced mortar (TRM) versus FRP as strengthening material of URM walls: Out-of-plane cyclic loading.” Mater. Struct. 41 (1): 143–157. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-007-9226-0.
Parisi, F., G. P. Lignola, N. Augenti, A. Prota, and G. Manfredi. 2011. “Nonlinear behaviour of a masonry subassemblage before and after strengthening with inorganic matrix-grid composites.” J. Compos. Constr. 15 (5): 821–832. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000203.
Prota, A., G. Marcari, G. Fabbrocino, G. Manfredi, and C. Aldea. 2006. “Experimental in plane behaviour of tuff masonry strengthened with cementitious matrix-grid composites.” J. Compos. Constr. 10 (3): 223–233. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2006)10:3(223).
Triantafillou, T. C. 2016. Textile fibre composites in civil engineering. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing, Elsevier.
Triantafillou, T. C., K. Karlos, K. Kefalou, and E. Argyropoulou. 2017. “An innovative structural and energy retrofitting system for URM walls using textile reinforced mortars combined with thermal insulation: Mechanical and fire behaviour.” Constr. Build. Mater. 133: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.032.
Triantafillou, T. C., C. G. Papanicolaou, P. Zissimopoulos, and T. Laourdekis. 2006. “Concrete confinement with textile-reinforced mortar jackets.” ACI Struct. J. 103 (1): 28–37.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 22 • Issue 5 • October 2018
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 24, 2017
Accepted: Apr 6, 2018
Published online: Jul 3, 2018
Published in print: Oct 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Dec 3, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.