Bond Behavior between NSM CFRP Strips and Concrete Exposed to Elevated Temperature Using Cement-Based and Epoxy Adhesives
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 21, Issue 5
Abstract
The repair and strengthening of existing concrete structures with composite material has become more common during the last decade. The near-surface-mounted (NSM) technique was used in this research, where fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates were bonded using an epoxy or cement-based adhesive in grooves cut into the concrete surface to study the behavior of the bond between the NSM carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips and concrete after exposure to heating. Twenty-four heat-damaged concrete prisms were tested using a single-lap shear test. The results were compared with 24 reference specimens without heat damage. The results demonstrate that the residual bond strength after the repair of heat-damaged concrete with CFRP using epoxy adhesive is 94, 79, and 49% for temperature exposure of 1 h at 200, 400, and 600°C, respectively. The corresponding values for 2 h of exposure are 86, 75, and 41%, respectively. However, the residual bond strength after the repair of heat-damaged concrete with CFRP using cement-based adhesive is 91, 79, and 70% for temperature exposure of 1 h at 200, 400, and 600°C, respectively. The corresponding values for 2 h of exposure are 85, 69, and 66%, respectively.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The scholarship support provided to the first author by the Higher Committee for Education Development in Iraq is gratefully acknowledged. The experimental work was carried out at the Smart Structures Laboratory of Swinburne University of Technology. The authors thank the staff of the Smart Structures Laboratory for their assistance.
References
ACI (American Concrete Institute). (1994). “Standard practice for selecting proportions for normal, heavyweight, and mass concrete.”, Farmington Hills, MI.
ACI (American Concrete Institute). (2008). “Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for retrofitting concrete structures.”, Farmington Hills, MI.
Al-Abdwais, A., and Al-Mahaidi, R. (2013). “Modified cement-based adhesive for near-surface mounted FRP strengthening system.” Proc., 4th Asia-Pacific Conf. on FRP in Structures, Swinburne Univ. of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Al-Bayati, G., and Al-Mahaidi, R. (2014). “Effective bond length of modified cement-based adhesive for FRP-NSM strengthening system.” Proc., 23rd Australasian Conf. on the Mechanics of Structures and Material, Southern Cross Univ., Lismore, NSW, Australia 389–396.
Allen, R., Edwards, S., and Shaw, J. (2005). The repair of concrete structures, 2nd Ed., Taylor & Francis, Abingdon, U.K.
Arioz, O. (2007). “Effects of elevated temperatures on properties of concrete.” Fire Saf. J., 42(8), 516–522.
Asplund, S. O. (1949). “Strengthening bridge slabs with grouted reinforcement.” ACI Struct. J., 20(6), 397–406.
ASTM. (2011). “Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens.” ASTM C496-11, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2012). “Standard test method for slump of hydraulic-cement concrete.” ASTM C143-12, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2013a). “Standard practice for making and curing concrete test specimens in the laboratory.” ASTM C192-13a,West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2013b). “Standard test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars.” ASTM C109-13b, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2014a). “Standard test method for compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimens.” ASTM C39-14a, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2014b). “Standard test method for tensile properties of polymer matrix composite materials.” ASTM D3039-14b, West Conshohocken, PA.
Biolzi, I., Cattaneo, S., and Rosati, G. (2008). “Evaluating residual properties of thermally damaged concrete.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 30(10), 907–916.
Chan, Y. N., Luo, X., and Sun, W. (2000). “Compressive strength and pore structure of high-performance concrete after exposure to high temperature up to 800 C.” Cem. Concr. Res., 30(2), 247–251.
De Lorenzis, L., and Nanni, A. (2002). “Bond between near surface mounted FRP rods and concrete in structural strengthening.” ACI Struct. J., 99(2), 123–133.
De Lorenzis, L., Rizzo, A., and La Tegola, A. (2002). “A modified pull-out test for bond of near-surface mounted FRP rods in concrete.” Composites Part B, 33(8), 589–603.
Haddad, R. H., Al-Mekhlafy, N., and Ashteyat, A. M. (2011). “Repair of heat-damaged reinforced concrete slabs using fibrous composite materials.” Constr. Build. Mater., 25(3), 1213–1221.
ISO. (1994). “Fire resistance tests-elements of building construction.” ISO 834, Geneva.
Leonardi, A., Meda, A., and Rinaldi, Z. (2011). “Fire damaged R/C members repaired with high performance fibre reinforced jacket.” Strain, 47(s2), 28–35.
Li, M., Qian, C., and Sun, W. (2004). “Mechanical properties of high-strength concrete after fire.” Cem. Concr. Res., 34(6), 1001–1005.
Lu, X., Teng, J., Ye, L., and Jiang, J. (2005). “Bond-slip models for FRP sheets/plates bonded to concrete.” Eng. Struct., 27(6), 920–937.
Nakaba, K., Kanakubo, T., Furuta, T., and Yoshizawa, H. (2001). “Bond behavior between fiber-reinforced polymer laminates and concrete.” ACI Struct. J., 98(3), 359–367.
Nguyen, D. M., Chan, T. K., and Cheong, H. K. (2001). “Brittle failure and bond development length of CFRP-concrete beams.” J. Compos. Constr., 12–17.
Sena Cruz, J. M., Barros, J. A., Gettu, R., and Azevedo, Á. F. (2006). “Bond behavior of near-surface mounted CFRP laminate strips under monotonic and cyclic loading.” J. Compos. Constr., 295–303.
Seracino, R., Jones, N., Ali, M., Page, M., and Oehlers, D. (2007). “Bond strength of near-surface mounted FRP strip-to-concrete joints.” J. Compos. Constr., 401–409.
SPSS version 22.0 [Computer software]. IBM, Armonk, NY.
Toutanji, H., and Balaguru, P. (1998). “Durability characteristics of concrete columns wrapped with FRP tow sheets.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 52–57.
Tovey, A. (1986). “Assessment and repair of fire-damaged concrete structures-an update.” ACI Special Publication, 92(1), 47–62.
Tovey, A., and Crook, R. (1986). “Experience of fires in concrete structures, evaluation and repair of the damage to concrete.” Am. Concr. Inst., 92(4), 1–14.
Yan, X., Miller, B., Nanni, A., and Bakis, C. E. (1999). “Characterization of CFRP rods used as near surface mounted reinforcement.” Proc., 8th Int. Structural Faults and Repair Conf., M. C. Forde, ed., Engineering Technics Press, Edinburgh, U.K.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 21 • Issue 5 • October 2017
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 24, 2016
Accepted: Jan 24, 2017
Published online: Apr 12, 2017
Discussion open until: Sep 12, 2017
Published in print: Oct 1, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.