Experimental Investigations on Circular Concrete Columns Reinforced with GFRP Bars and Helices under Different Loading Conditions
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 20, Issue 4
Abstract
Glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bar has emerged as a preferable alternative to steel bar in reinforced concrete (RC) members in harsh, corrosive, coastal environments in order to eliminate corrosion problems. However, only limited experimental studies are available on the performance and behavior of concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars under different loading conditions. This study investigates the use of GFRP bars and GFRP helices (spirals) as longitudinal and transversal reinforcement, respectively, in RC columns. A total of 12 circular concrete specimens with 205-mm diameter and 800-mm height were cast and tested under different loading conditions. The effect of replacing steel with GFRP reinforcement and changing the spacing of the GFRP helices on the behavior of the specimens was investigated. The experimental results show that the axial load and bending moment capacity of the GFRP-RC columns are smaller than those of the conventional steel-RC columns. However, the ductility of the GFRP-RC columns was very close to the ductility of the steel-RC columns. It is concluded that ignoring the contribution of the GFRP bars in compression leads to a considerable difference between analytical and experimental results.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the University of Wollongong and technical officers at the High Bay laboratory, especially Mr. Fernando Escribano and Mr. Ritchie Mclean for their help in the experimental program of this study. Also, the second author would like to thank the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq and University of Wollongong for the support of his Ph.D. scholarship.
References
ACI (American Concrete Institute). (2014). “Building code requirements for structural concrete.”, Farmington Hills, MI.
ACI (American Concrete Institute). (2015). “Guide for the design and construction of concrete reinforced with FRP bars.” ACI 440.1R-15, Farmington Hills, MI.
Afifi, M. Z. (2013). “Behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with FRP bars and stirrups.” Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada.
Afifi, M. Z., Mohamed, H. M., and Benmokrane, B. (2014a). “Axial capacity of circular concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals.” J. Compos. Constr., 04013017.
Afifi, M. Z., Mohamed, H. M., and Benmokrane, B. (2014b). “Strength and axial behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with CFRP bars and spirals.” J. Compos. Constr., 04013035.
Alsayed, S., Al-Salloum, Y., Almusallam, T., and Amjad, M. (1999). “Concrete columns reinforced by glass fiber reinforced polymer rods.” Proc., 4th Int. Symp. on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures, SP-188, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 103–112.
Amer, A., Arockiasamy, M., and Shahawy, M. (1996). “Ultimate strength of eccentrically loaded concrete columns reinforced with CFRP bars.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Advanced Composite Materials in Bridges and Structures, ACMBS-II, Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Montréal, 209–216.
AS (Australian Standard). (2007). “Metallic materials: Tensile testing at ambient temperature.” AS 1391-2007, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
ASTM. (2011). “Standard test method for tensile properties of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite bars.” ASTM D7205/D7205M–11, West Conshohocken, PA.
Choo, C. C., Harik, I. E., and Gesund, H. (2006a). “Minimum reinforcement ratio for fiber-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete rectangular columns.” ACI Struct. J., 103(3), 460–466.
Choo, C. C., Harik, I. E., and Gesund, H. (2006b). “Strength of rectangular concrete columns reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer bars.” ACI Struct. J., 103(3), 452–459.
CSA (Canadian Standards Association). (2006). “Canadian highway bridge design code.” CAN/CSA S6-06, Rexdale, ON, Canada.
CSA (Canadian Standards Association). (2012). “Design and construction of building structures with fibre reinforced polymers.” CAN/CSA S806-12, Rexdale, ON, Canada.
Deitz, D., Harik, I., and Gesund, H. (2003). “Physical properties of glass fiber reinforced polymer rebars in compression.” J. Compos. Constr., 363–366.
Deiveegan, A., and Kumaran, G. (2011). “Experimental and reliability studies on the behaviour of concrete columns reinforced internally with glass fibre reinforced polymer reinforcements.” J. Struct. Eng., 38(5), 457–475.
De Luca, A. (2009). “Behavior of full-scale reinforced concrete members with external confinement or internal composite reinforcement under pure axial load.” Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Miami, Coral Gables, FL.
De Luca, A., Matta, F., and Nanni, A. (2010). “Behavior of full-scale glass fiber-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete columns under axial load.” ACI Struct. J., 107(5), 589–596.
Foster, S. J., and Attard, M. M. (1997). “Experimental tests on eccentrically loaded high-strength concrete columns.” ACI Struct. J., 94(3), 295–303.
Hollaway, L. C. (2003). “The evolution of and the way forward for advanced polymer composites in the civil infrastructure.” Constr. Build. Mater., 17(6–7), 365–378.
ISIS Canada. (2007). “Reinforcing concrete structures with fibre reinforced polymers.” 〈http://www.isiscanada.com〉 (May 15, 2015).
ISO (International Standard). (2015). “Fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement of concrete: Test methods: Part 1: FRP bars and grids.” ISO 10406-1:2015, Geneva.
Ji, G., Ouyang, Z., and Li, G. (2009). “Experimental investigation into the interfacial shear strength of AGS-FRP tube confined concrete pile.” Eng. Struct., 31(10), 2309–2316.
Li, G. (2007). “Experimental study of hybrid composite cylinders.” Compos. Struct., 78(2), 170–181.
Li, G., and Maricherla, D. (2007). “Advanced grid stiffened fiber reinforced plastic tube encased concrete cylinders.” J. Compos. Mater., 41(15), 1803–1824.
Li, G., and Velamarthy, R. C. (2008). “Fabricating, testing, and modeling of advanced grid stiffened fiber reinforced polymer tube encased concrete cylinders.” J. Compos. Mater., 42(11), 1103–1124.
Marques, S. P. C., Marques, D. C. D. S. C., da Silva, J. L., and Cavalcante, M. A. A. (2004). “Model for analysis of short columns of concrete confined by fiber-reinforced polymer.” J. Compos. Constr., 332–340.
Mirmiran, A. (1998). “Length effects on FRP-reinforced concrete columns.” 2nd Int. Conf. on Composites in Infrastructure, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 518–532.
Mirmiran, A., Yuan, W., and Chen, X. (2001). “Design for slenderness in concrete columns internally reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer bars.” ACI Struct. J., 98(1), 116–125.
Mohamed, H. M., Afifi, M. Z. and Benmokrane, B. (2014). “Performance evaluation of concrete columns reinforced longitudinally with FRP bars and confined with FRP hoops and spirals under axial load.” J. Bridge Eng., 04014020.
Mohamed, H. M., and Masmoudi, R. (2010). “Flexural strength and behavior of steel and FRP-reinforced concrete-filled FRP tube beams.” Eng. Struct., 32(11), 3789–3800.
Němeček, J., and Bittnar, Z. (2004). “Experimental investigation and numerical simulation of post-peak behavior and size effect of reinforced concrete columns.” Mater. Struct., 37(3), 161–169.
Neville, A. M. (2005). Properties of concrete: Fourth and final edition standards updated to 2002, Pearson Education Limited, Essex, U.K.
Pantelides, C. P., Gibbons, M. E., and Reaveley, L. D. (2013). “Axial load behavior of concrete columns confined with GFRP spirals.” J. Compos. Constr., 305–313.
Pessiki, S., and Pieroni, A. (1997). “Axial load behavior of large scale spirally reinforced high-strength concrete columns.” ACI Struct. J., 94(3), 304–313.
Razvi, S. R., and Saatcioglu, M. (1994). “Strength and deformability of confined high-strength concrete columns.” ACI Struct. J., 91(6), 678–687.
Saafi, M. (2000). “Design and fabrication of FRP grids for aerospace and civil engineering applications.” J. Aerosp. Eng., 144–149.
Sagüés, A. A., et al. (1994). “Corrosion of epoxy coated rebar in Florida bridges.”, Univ. of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
Sheikh, M. N., and Légeron, F. (2014). “Performance based seismic assessment of bridges designed according to Canadian highway bridge design code.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 41(9), 777–787.
Silva, M. A. G., and Rodriguez, C. C. (2006). “Size and relative stiffness effects on compressive failure of concrete columns wrapped with glass FRP.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 334–342.
Sonobe, Y., et al. (1997). “Design guidelines of FRP reinforced concrete building structures.” J. Compos. Constr., 90–115.
Thériault, M., Neale, K. W., and Claude, S. (2004). “Fiber-reinforced polymer-confined circular concrete columns: Investigation of size and slenderness effects.” J. Compos. Constr., 323–331.
Tobbi, H., Farghaly, A. S., and Benmokrane, B. (2012). “Concrete columns reinforced longitudinally and transversally with glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars.” ACI Struct. J., 109(4), 551–558.
Tobbi, H., Farghaly, A. S., and Benmokrane, B. (2014). “Behavior of concentrically loaded fiber-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete columns with varying reinforcement types and ratios.” ACI Struct. J., 111(2), 375–385.
V-Rod. (2012). “Composite reinforcing rods technical data sheet.” Largs Bay, SA, Australia.
Zadeh, H. J., and Nanni, A. (2013). “Design of RC columns using glass FRP reinforcement.” J. Compos. Constr., 294–304.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 20 • Issue 4 • August 2016
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 2, 2015
Accepted: Nov 10, 2015
Published online: Jan 13, 2016
Discussion open until: Jun 13, 2016
Published in print: Aug 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.