Seismic Behavior of RC Shear Walls Strengthened for In-Plane Bending Using Externally Bonded FRP Sheets
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 19, Issue 1
Abstract
This paper presents the experimental results of a study investigating the effectiveness of using externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tow sheets for in-plane bending strengthening and repair of reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls. The repair/strengthening scheme is designed to enhance the flexural load-carrying capacity of the walls and prevent brittle shear-related failures. The experimental program consisted of the performance evaluation of the FRP system in seven RC shear wall specimens tested to failure under lateral loads. The effectiveness of two different anchoring systems to transfer the loads carried by the FRP sheets to the supporting elements of the wall was also investigated. The experimental results showed that the FRP system was successful in restoring (in repair applications) and increasing (in strengthening applications) the initial stiffness and ultimate load-carrying capacity of the walls, while maintaining a ductile response behavior and avoiding brittle shear failures. A simple strength model to predict the peak strength of walls with externally bonded FRP sheets suitable for design applications is presented and its limitations discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The funding provided by Public Works and Government Services Canada, the Natural Sciences Engineering Research Council, and the Canadian Seismic Research Network are acknowledged. The technical assistance provided by Mr. D. Lamb of Master Builders Technologies and the material provided by Dr. Andrew Lam of Brighten Engineering, Taiwan are acknowledged. N. Londoño contributed to the development of the tube anchor system.
References
American Concrete Institute (ACI) Committee 318. (1999). “Building code requirements for structural concrete (ACI 318-99) and commentary (318R-99).” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 391.
American Concrete Institute (ACI) Committee 318. (2008). “Building code requirements for structural concrete (ACI 318-08) and commentary (318R-08).” Farmington Hills, MI, 465.
American Concrete Institute (ACI) Committee 440.2. (2008). “Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded Frp systems for strengthening concrete structures.” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Mills, MI, 76.
Antoniades, K., Salonikios, T., and Kappos, A. (2003). “Cyclic tests on seismically damaged reinforced concrete walls strengthened using fiber-reinforced polymer reinforcement.” ACI Struct. J., 100(4), 510–518.
Canadian Standards Association (CSA). (1994). “Design of concrete structures.” Standard CAN/CSA A23.3-94, Ottawa, ON, 189.
Canadian Standards Association (CSA). (2002). “Design and construction of building components with fibre-reinforced polymers.” CAN/CSA S806-02, Rexdale, Canada, 177.
Canadian Standards Association (CSA). (2004). “Design of concrete structures.” Standard CAN/CSA A23.3-94, Ottawa, ON, 240.
Hiotakis, S. (2004). “Repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete shear walls for earthquake resistance using externally bonded carbon fibre sheets and a novel anchor system.” Master’s thesis, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton Univ., Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Khalil, A., and Ghobarah, A. (2005). “Behaviour of rehabilitated structural walls.” J. Earthquake Eng., 9(3), 371–391.
Kuang, J. S., and Ho, Y. B. (2008). “Seismic behavior and ductility of squat reinforced concrete shear walls with nonseismic detailing.” ACI Struct. J., 105(2), 225–231.
Lombard, J. (1999). “Seismic strengthening and repair of reinforced concrete shear walls using externally-bonded carbon fibre tow sheets.” Master’s thesis, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton Univ., Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Lombard, J., Lau, D., Humar, J., Foo, S., and Cheung, M. (2000). “Seismic strengthening and repair of reinforced concrete shear walls.” Proc., World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering (CD-ROM), New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, Wellington, New Zealand, 1–8.
Lu, X. Z., Ye, L. P., Teng, J. G., Huang, Y. L., Tan, Z., and Zhang, Z. X. (2004). “Recent research on interfacial behavior of FRP sheets externally bonded to RC structures.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, Adelaide, Australia, CRC Press, 389–398.
Paterson, J., and Mitchell, D. (2003). “Seismic retrofit of shear walls with headed bars and carbon fiber wrap.” J. Struct. Eng., 606–614.
Seible, F., Priestley, M. J. N., and Innamorato, D. (1995). “Earthquake retrofit of bridge columns with continuous carbon fiber jackets—Volume II, design guidelines.”, Advanced Composites Technology Transfer Consortium, Univ. of California, San Diego, CA.
Su, K. L. R., and Wong, S. M. (2007). “A survey on axial load ratios of structural walls in medium-rise residential buildings in Hong Kong.” HKIE Trans., 14(3), 40–46.
Teng, J. G., Chen, J. F., Smith, S. T., and Lam, L. (2002). FRP-strengthened RC structures, Wiley, London.
Triantafillou, T. C. (1998). “Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using epoxy-bonded FRP composites.” ACI Struct. J., 95(2), 107–115.
Wood, S. L. (1990). “Shear strength of low-rise reinforced concrete walls.” ACI Struct. J., 87(1), 99–107.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 30, 2013
Accepted: Feb 5, 2014
Published online: Mar 31, 2014
Discussion open until: Aug 31, 2014
Published in print: Feb 1, 2015
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.