Textile-Reinforced Mortar versus FRP as Strengthening Material for Seismically Deficient RC Beam-Column Joints
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 15, Issue 6
Abstract
In this paper, efficiency and effectiveness of textile-reinforced mortars (TRM) on upgrading the shear strength and ductility of a seismically deficient exterior beam-column joint has been studied. The results are then compared with that of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP)-strengthened joint specimens. Five as-built joint specimens were constructed with nonoptimal design parameters (inadequate joint shear strength with no transverse reinforcement) representing an extreme case of preseismic code design construction practice of joints and encompassing the vast majority of existing beam-column connections. Out of these five as-built specimens, two specimens were used as baseline specimens (control specimens) and the other three were strengthened with TRM, CFRP, and GFRP sheets, respectively. All five subassemblages were subjected to quasi-static cyclic lateral load histories to provide the equivalent of severe earthquake damage. The response histories of control and strengthened specimens were then compared. The test results demonstrated that TRM can effectively improve both the shear strength and deformation capacity of seismically deficient beam-column joints to an extent that is comparable to the strength and ductility achieved by well-established CFRP, and GFRP-strengthening of joints.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the Specialty Units for Safety and Preservation of Structures and the MMB Chair for Research and Studies in Strengthening and Rehabilitation of Structures at the Department of Civil Engineering, King Saud University.
References
Al-Jamous, A., Ortlepp, R., Ortlepp, S., and Curbach, M. (2006). “Experimental investigations about construction members strengthened with textile reinforcement.” Proc., 1st Int. Conf. on Textile Reinforced Concrete (ICTRC’2006), J. Hegger, W. Brameshuber, and N. Will, eds., Institute of Concrete Structures, RILEM Publications SARL, TU Dresden, Germany, 161–170.
Almusallam, T. H., and Al-Salloum, Y. A. (2007). “Seismic response of interior beam-column joints upgraded with FRP sheets. II: Analysis and parametric study.” J. Compos. Constr., 11(6), 590–600.
Al-Salloum, Y. A., and Almusallam, T. H. (2007). “Seismic response of interior beam-column joints upgraded with FRP sheets. I: Experimental study.” J. Compos. Constr., 11(6), 575–589.
Al-Salloum, Y. A., Almusallam, T. H., Alsayed, S. H., and Siddiqui, N. A. (2011). “Seismic behavior of as-built, ACI-complying and CFRP-repaired exterior RC beam-column joints.” J. Compos. Constr., 15(4), 522–534.
Alsayed, S. H., Almusallam, T. H., Al-Salloum, Y. A., and Siddiqui, N. A. (2010a). “Seismic rehabilitation of corner RC beam-column joints using CFRP composites.” J. Compos. Constr., 14(6), 681–692.
Alsayed, S. H., Al-Salloum, Y. A., Almusallam, T. H., and Siddiqui, N. A. (2010b). “Seismic response of FRP-upgraded exterior RC beam-column joints.” J. Compos. Constr., 14(2), 195–208.
Antonopoulos, C., and Triantafillou, T. C. (2003). “Experimental investigation of FRP-strengthened RC beam-column joints.” J. Compos. Constr., 7(1), 39–49.
Antonpoulos, C. P., and Trantfillou, T. C. (2002). “Analysis of FRP-strengthened beam-column joints.” J. Compos. Constr., 6(1), 41–51.
ASTM. (1985). "Method for tensile strength of hydraulic cement mortars." C190-85, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2002). “Standard test method for compressive strength of hydraulic cement mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens).” C109/C109M-02, Annual book of ASTM standards, Vol. 4.01, West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM. (2011). "Standard test methods and definitions for mechanical testing of steel products." A370-11, West Conshohocken, PA.
Balsamo, A., Colombo, A., Manfredi, G., Negro, P., and Prota, A. (2005). “Seismic behavior of a full-scale RC frame repaired using CFRP laminates.” Eng. Struct., 27(5), 769–780.
Basalo, F. J. D., Matta, F., and Nanni, A. (2009). “Fiber reinforced cementitious matrix composites for infrastructure rehabilitation.” Composites & Polycon 2009, American Composites Manufacturers Association, Tampa FL.
Di Ludovico, M., Prota, A., Manfredi, G., and Cosenza, E. (2008). “Seismic strengthening of an under-designed RC structure with FRP.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 37(1), 141–162.
El-Amoury, T., and Ghobarah, A. (2002). “Seismic rehabilitation of beam-column joint using GFRP sheets.” Eng. Struct., 24(11), 1397–1407.
Engindeniz, M., Kahn, L. F., and Zureick, A. (2008a). “Performance of an RC corner beam-column joint severely damaged under bidirectional loading and rehabilitated with FRP composites.” SP-258: Seismic Strengthening of Concrete Buildings Using FRP Composites (CD-ROM), T. Alkhrdahi, and P. Silva, eds., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, pp. 148.
Engindeniz, M., Kahn, L. F., and Zureick, A. (2008b). “Pre-1970 RC corner beam-column-slab joints: seismic adequacy and upgradability with CFRP composites.” Proc., 14th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering, China Earthquake Administration Ministry of Construction, Beijing, 12–17.
Gergely, J., Pantelides, C. P., and Reaveley, L. D. (2000). “Shear strengthening of RCT-joints using CFRP composites.” J. Compos. Constr., 4(2), 56–64.
Ghobarah, A., and El-Amoury, T. (2005). “Seismic rehabilitation of deficient exterior concrete frame joints.” J. Compos. Constr., 9(5), 408–416.
Ghobarah, A., and Said, A. (2001). “Seismic rehabilitation of beam-column joints using FRP laminates.” J. Earthquake Eng., 5(1), 113–129.
Ghobarah, A., and Said, A. (2002). “Shear strengthening of beam-column joints.” Eng. Struct., 24(7), 881–888.
Karayannis, C., and Sirkelis, G. (2008). “Strengthening and rehabilitation of RC beam-column joints using carbon-FRP jacketing and epoxy resin injection.” J. Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 37(5), 769–790.
Kurtz, S., and Balaguru, P. (2001). “Comparison of inorganic and organic matrices for strengthening of RC beams with carbon sheets.” J. Struct. Eng., 127(1), 35–42.
Lee, W. T., Chiou, Y. J., and Shih, M. H. (2010). “Reinforced concrete beam-column joint strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer.” Compos. Struct., 92(1), 48–60.
Mukherjee, A., and Joshi, M. (2005). “FRPC reinforced concrete beam-column joints under cyclic excitation.” Compos. Struct., 70(2), 185–199.
Pampanin, S., Bolognini, D., and Pavese, A. (2007). “Performance-based seismic retrofit strategy for existing reinforced concrete frame systems using fiber-reinforced polymer composites.” J. Compos. Constr., 11(2), 211–226.
Pantelides, C. P., Okahashi, Y., and Reaveley, L. D. (2008). “Seismic rehabilitation of reinforced concrete frame interior beam-column joints with FRP composites.” J. Compos. Constr., 12(4), 435–445.
Papanicolaou, C. G., Triantafillou, T. C., Karlos, K., and Papathanasiou, M. (2007). “Textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) versus FRP as strengthening material of URM walls: In-plane cyclic loading.” Mater. Struct., 40(10), 1081–1097.
Triantafillou, T. C., and Papanicolaou, C. G. (2005). “Textile reinforced mortars (TRM) as strengthening materials of concrete structures.” Proc., fib Symposium “Keep Concrete Attractive”, G. L. Balazs, and A. Borosnyoi, eds., Hungarian Group of fib, Budapest, Hungary, 345–350.
Triantafillou, T. C., and Papanicolaou, C. G. (2006). “Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete members with textile reinforced mortar (TRM) jackets.” Mater. Struct., 39(1), 93–103.
Triantafillou, T. C., Papanicolaou, C. G., Zissimopoulos, P., and Laourdekis, T. (2006). “Concrete confinement with textile-reinforced mortar jackets.” ACI Struct. J., 103(1), 28–37.
Tsonos, A. (2008). “Effectiveness of CFRP-Jackets and RC-Jackets in post-earthquake and pre-earthquake retrofitting of beam-column subassemblages.” Eng. Struct., 30(3), 777–793.
Tsonos, A. (2010). “Performance enhancement of R/C building columns and beam-column joints through shotcrete jacketing.” Eng. Struct., 32(3), 726–740.
Wu, H. C., and Sun, P. (2005). “Fiber reinforced cement based composite sheets for structural retrofit.” Proc., Int. Symp. on Bond Behavior of FRP in Structures (BBFS), Hong Kong, China.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 2, 2010
Accepted: Apr 12, 2011
Published online: Apr 14, 2011
Published in print: Dec 1, 2011
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.