Flexural Strengthening of RC Beams with Cement-Based Composites
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 15, Issue 5
Abstract
In this paper, the effectiveness of fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) materials for the strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams is experimentally investigated. Bending tests on RC beams strengthened with different FRCM materials, made out of (1) carbon fiber nets; and (2) poliparafenilenbenzobisoxazole (PBO) fiber nets embedded in cement-based matrix, are performed. For case (2), different net shapes, cementitious matrices, and a number of net layers were considered. Depending on the type of fibers and matrix, different flexural debonding failure modes are identified. The fiber strain at debonding is evaluated by comparing the experimental results with those obtained with two different theoretical models. The results obtained in this study confirm the effectiveness of FRCM materials for the strengthening of RC structures and encourage further experimental and theoretical work on the topic. A better understanding of the debonding phenomenon is crucial for an optimal design of the strengthening material. The way in which the nature of fibers and matrices and the number of layers control the performance of the strengthened members is also investigated in the present paper.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors greatly acknowledge Ruredil S.p.A. of San Donato Milanese, Italy, for providing strengthening materials and for applying them to specimens. In particular, the authors acknowledge the technical director of Ruredil S.p.A., Dr. Giovanni Mantegazza, for his valuable suggestions during the preparation and execution of experimental tests. The authors also thank LabSco laboratory, in particular Mr. Mario Celebrin, for the execution of the tests.
References
Al-Jamous, A., Ortlepp, R., Ortlepp, S., and Churbach, M. (2006). “Experimental investigations about construction members strengthened with textile reinforcement.” Proc., 1st Int. RILEM Symposium on Textile Reinforced Concrete (ICTRC), RILEM, Aachen, Germany, 170.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2008). “Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures.” ACI 440.2R-08, Farmington Hills, MI.
ASTM. (2008). “Standard test method for tensile properties of polymer matrix composite materials.” ASTM D3039/D3039M-08, West Conshohocken, PA.
Badanoiu, A., and Holmgren, J. (2003). “Cementitious composites reinforced with continuous carbon fibers for strengthening of concrete structures.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 25, 387–394
Banholzer, B. (2004). “Bond behaviour of a multi-filament yarn embedded in a cementitious matrix.” Ph.D. thesis, RWTH Aachen Univ., Aachen, Germany
Banholzer, B., Brockmann, T., and Brameshuber, W. (2006). “Material and bonding characteristics for dimensioning and modeling of textile reinforced concrete (TRC) elements.” Mater. Struct., 39, 749–763
Bisby, L. A., Roy, E. C., Ward, M., and Stratford, T. J. (2009). “Fibre reinforced cementitious matrix systems for fire-safe flexural strengthening of concrete: Pilot testing at ambient temperature.” Proc., Advanced Composites in Construction, Network Group for Composites in Construction, Chesterfield, U.K.
Blanksvärd, T., Täljsten, B., and Carolin, A. (2009). “Shear strengthening of concrete structures with the use of mineral-based composites.” J. Compos. Constr., 13(1), 25–34
Bournas, D., Triantafillou, T. C., and Matthys, S. (2009). “Textile reinforced mortar (TRM) versus FRP jacketing for seismic retrofitting of old type RC columns with lap-spliced or continuous bars.”J. Compos. Constr., 13(5), 360–371
Bousias, S., Spathis, A. L., Fardis, M., Triantafillou, T. C., and Papanicolaou, C. (2007). “Pseudodynamic tests of non-seismically designed RC structures retrofitted with textile-reinforced mortar.” Proc., 8th Int. Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, FRPRCS-8, American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit
Brückner, A., Ortlepp, R., and Curbach, M. (2006). “Textile reinforced concrete for strengthening in bending and shear.” Mater. Struct., 39, 741–748
Brückner, A., Ortlepp, R., and Curbach, M. (2008). “Anchoring of shear strengthening for T-beams made of textile reinforced concrete (TRC).” Mater. Struct., 41, 407–418
CEB-FIP. (1993). “Model code for concrete structures.” CEB Bulletin d’Information, Comité Euro International du Béton, Lausanne, Switzerland
Curbach, M., Ortlepp, R., and Triantafillou, T. C. (2006). “TRC for rehabilitation.” Rep. TC 201-TRC, RILEM, Aachen, Germany
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). (1994). “Methods of testing cement, Part 1: Determination of strength.” EN 196-1:1994, Brussels, Belgium
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). (2002). “Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures. Test methods. Determination of modulus of elasticity in compression.” EN 13412:2002, Brussels, Belgium.
Faella, C., Martinelli, E., and Nigro, E. (2008a). “Some remarks on the parameters affecting debonding in FRP strengthened RC-beams.” Proc., 4th Int. Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE), CICE, Zurich, Switzerland.
Faella, C., Martinelli, E., and Nigro, E. (2008b). “Formulation and validation of a theoretical model for intermediate debonding in FRP strengthened RC beams.” Composites, Part B: Engineering, 39, 645–655
Féderation Internationale du Béton (FIB). (2001). “Externally bonded FRP reinforcement for RC structures.” Bulletin 14, Lausanne, Switzerland
Hartig, J., Häußler-Combe, U., and Schicktanz, K. (2008). “Influence of bond properties on the tensile behaviour of textile reinforced concrete.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 30, 898–906
Häußler-Combe, U., and Hartig, J. (2007). “Bond and failure mechanisms of textile reinforced concrete (TRC) under uniaxial tensile loading.” Cem. Concr. Compos., 29, 279–289
Hegger, J., Will, N., Bruckermann, O., and Voss, S. (2006). “Load-bearing behavior and simulation of textile reinforced concrete.” Mater. Struct., 39, 765–776
Italian National Research Council (CNR). (2004). “Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening existing structures.” CNR-DT200/2004, Rome
Ombres, L. (2007). “Confinement effectiveness in concrete strengthened with fiber reinforced cement based composite jackets.” Proc., 8th Int. Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, FRPRCS-8, American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit
Ombres, L. (2009). “Failure modes in reinforced concrete beams strengthened with PBO fiber reinforced mortars.” Proc., 9th Int. Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures (FRPRCS-9), American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit
Ombres, L., Trimboli, A., Mantegazza, G., and Gatti, A. (2009). “Strengthening of old reinforced concrete structures using fiber reinforced cementitious mortars (FRCM): A case study.” Proc., 9th Int. Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures (FRPRCS-9), American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit
Ortlepp, R., Hampel, U., and Curbach, M. (2006). “A new approach for evaluating bond capacity or TRC strengthening.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 28, 589–597
Ortlepp, R., Ortlepp, S., and Curbach, M. (2004). “Stress transfer in the bond joint of subsequently applied textile reinforced concrete strengthening.” Proc., 6th International RILEM Symposium on Fibre Reinforced Concretes, M. di Prisco, R. Felicetti, and G. A. Plizzari, eds., RILEM, Varenna, Italy, 1483–1494
Pareek, S., Suzuki, Y., and Kobayashi, A. (2007). “Flexural and shear strengthening of RC beams using newly developed CFRP and polymer-cement pastes as bonding agents.” Proc., 8th Int. Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, FRPRCS-8, American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit
Peled, A. (2007). “Confinement of damaged and nondamaged structural concrete with FRP and TRC sleeves.” J. Compos. Constr., 11(5), 514–522
Ruredil. (2004). “Ruredil X Mesh C10 M50.” 〈http://www.ruredil.it/ENG/Index.asp〉 (Sep. 15, 2011)
Ruredil. (2009). “Ruredil X Mesh Gold M750.” 〈http://www.ruredil.it/ENG/Index.asp〉 (Sep. 15, 2011)
Soranakom, C., and Mobasher, B. (2009). “Geometrical and mechanical aspects of fabric bonding and pullout in cement composites.” Mater. Struct., 42, 765–777
Täljsten, B., and Blanksvärd, T. (2007). “Mineral-based bonding of carbon FRP to strengthen concrete structures.” J. Compos. Constr., 11(2), 120–128
Triantafillou, T. C., and Bournas, D. A. (2008). “Seismic upgrading of RC columns in flexure with NSM reinforcement and textile-based jacketing.” Proc., 4th Int. Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering (CICE), CICE, Zurich, Switzerland.
Triantafillou, T. C., and Papanicolau, C. G. (2006). “Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete members with textile reinforced mortar (TMR).” Mater. Struct., 39, 93–103
Triantafillou, T. C., Papanicolau, C. G., Zissinopoulos, P., and Laourdekis, T. (2006). “Concrete confinement with textile-reinforced mortar jackets.” ACI Struct. J., 103(1), 28–37
Voss, S., and Hegger, J. (2006). “Dimensioning of textile reinforced concrete structures.” Proc., 1st Int. RILEM Symposium on Textile Reinforced Concrete, RILEM, Aachen, Germany, 151–160
Wiberg, A. (2003). “Strengthening of concrete beams using cementitious carbon fibre composites.” Ph.D. thesis, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
Wu, H. C., and Sun, P. (2005). “Fiber reinforced cement based composite sheets for structural retrofit.” Proc., Int. Symposium on Bond Behaviour of FRP in Structures (BBFS 2005), International Institute for FRP in Construction, Manitoba, Canada
Zastrau, B., Lepenies, I., and Richter, M. (2008). “On the multiscale modeling of textile reinforced concrete.” Technische Mechanik, 28(1), 53–63.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 15 • Issue 5 • October 2011
Pages: 707 - 720
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 21, 2010
Accepted: Mar 24, 2011
Published online: Mar 26, 2011
Published in print: Oct 1, 2011
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.