Comparison of Bridge Inspection Policies in terms of Data Quality
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 27, Issue 3
Abstract
Periodic and exceptional inspections provide information about the condition of bridges to support decisions on maintenance or repair activities needed to counteract defects and damages efficiently. Inspections are carried out on a regular basis or after special events. In different states, diverse approaches to visual inspections have been developed to support bridge integrity management. In the literature, several comparative studies have been published on inspection procedures; however, most of them compare a very limited number of countries due to a lack of information or language barriers. In this paper, the inspection practices adopted in several countries and regions worldwide are critically examined through a comprehensive survey of the available standards, guidelines, and best practices. The novel contribution of this paper concerns the application of a new method to classify and assess different bridge inspection procedures. This is achieved through the definition of indicators relating to different aspects of the quality of data collected during the inspections.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
AASHTO. 2013. Manual for bridge element inspection. Washington, DC: AASHTO.
ABNT (Associação Brasileira de Normas Tecnicas). 2016. Vistoria de pontes e viadutos de concreto. NBR 9452. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: ABNT.
BIS Oxford Economics. 2018. “Construction industry roundtables: Findings report.” Accessed September 16, 2021. https://investment.infrastructure.gov.au/files/reports_and_key_studies/Construction-Roundtable-Report-BIS-Oxford-Economics.pdf.
CMLP (Circolare Ministero Lavori Pubblici). 1967. Controllo delle condizioni di stabilità delle opere d’arte stradali. No. 6736/61A1. Rome: CMLP.
DTMR (Department of Transport and Main Roads). 2016. Structures inspection manual part 1: Structures inspection policy. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: Queensland Government.
FHWA (Federal Highway Administration). 2004. Subpart C - national bridge inspection standards (NBIS). Code of federal regulation, Title 23, Part 650. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
FHWA (Federal Highway Administration). 2005. Bridge preservation and maintenance in Europe and South Africa. Rep. No. FHWA-PL-05-002. Washington, DC: FHWA.
FHWA (Federal Highway Administration). 2010a. Underwater bridge inspection. Publication No. FHWA-NHI-10-027. Washington, DC: FHWA.
FHWA (Federal Highway Administration). 2010b. Underwater bridge repair, rehabilitation, and countermeasures. Publication No. FHWA-NHI-10-029. Washington, DC: FHWA.
FHWA (Federal Highway Administration). 2012. Bridge inspector’s reference manual (BIRM). Publication No. FHWA-NHI-12-053. Washington, DC: FHWA.
Figueiredo, E., I. Moldovan, and M. B. Marques. 2013. Condition assessment of bridges: Past, present, and future. A complementary approach. Lisbon, Portugal: Universidade Católica Editora.
GDTH (General Directorate of Turkish Highways). 2008. Highway operation and maintenance technical issues. [In Turkish.] Ankara, Turkey: GDTH.
GDTH (General Directorate of Turkish Highways). 2012. Bridge inspection handbook. [In Turkish.] Ankara, Turkey: GDTH.
Hsien-Ke, L., M. Jallow, Y. Nie-Jia, J. Ming-Yi, H. Jyun-Hao, S. Cheng-Wei, and C. Po-Yuan. 2017. “Comparison of bridge inspection methodologies and evaluation criteria in Taiwan and foreign practices.” In Proc., 34th Int. Symp. on Automation and Robotics in Construction, 317–324. Taipei, Taiwan. https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2017/0043.
Jeong, Y., W. Kim, I. Lee, and J. Lee. 2018. “Bridge inspection practices and bridge management programs in China, Japan, korea, and U.S.” J. Struct. Integrity Maint. 3 (2): 126–135. https://doi.org/10.1080/24705314.2018.1461548.
Mašović, S., and R. Hajdin. 2014. “Modelling of bridge elements deterioration for serbian bridge inventory.” Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 10 (8): 976–987. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2013.774426.
MIT (Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti). 2020. Linee guida per la classificazione e gestione del rischio, la valutazione della sicurezza ed il monitoraggio dei ponti esistenti. Rome: Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti Consiglio Superiore dei Lavori Pubblici.
MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transportation, and Tourism). 2014. Manual for bridge periodic inspection. Tokyo: MLIT.
MOC (Ministry of Communications). 2004. Code for maintenance of highway bridges and culverts. Industry Standards of the People’s Republic of China. JTG/H11-2004. Beijing: MOC.
MOHURD (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development). 2003. Technical code of maintenance for city bridges. CJJ99-2003. Beijing: MOHURD.
MOLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport). 2012. Guideline of safety inspection and in-depth safety inspection for structures. Sejong, South Korea: MOLIT.
MOT (Ministry of Transport). 2007a. The guidance for road and bridge maintenance. [In Chinese.] Beijing: MOT.
MOT (Ministry of Transport). 2007b. Manual for China bridge management system v.WEB20. [In Chinese.] Beijing: MOT CBMS group & Beijing Xinqiao New Technology.
MOT (Ministry of Transport). 2011a. Standards for technical condition evaluation of highway bridges. JTG/T H21-2011. Beijing: MOT.
MOT (Ministry of Transport). 2011b. Specification for inspection and evaluation of load-bearing capacity of highway bridges. [In Chinese.] JTG/T J21-2011. Beijing: MOT.
MOTC (Ministry of Transportation and Communications). 2015. Manual for enhancement and inspection of highway concrete bridges. Taipei, Taiwan: MOTC.
MT (Ministério dos Transportes). 2004. Inspeções em pontes e viadutos de concreto armado e protendido. Procedimento. NORMA DNIT 010/2004 – PRO. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: DNIT.
MTO (Ministry of Transportation). 2008. Ontario structure inspection manual (OSIM). Toronto, ON: MTO.
MTQ (Ministry of Transportation). 1978. Guide d’entretien des structures. Montreal, QC: MTQ.
MTQ (Ministry of Transportation). 2004. Manuel d’inspection des structures. Montreal, QC: MTQ.
Omar, T., and M. L. Nehdi. 2018. “Condition assessment of reinforced concrete bridges: Current practice and research challenges.” Infrastructures 3 (3): 36. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures3030036.
Omenzetter, P., S. Bush, T. Henning, and P. McCarten. 2011. “Risk based bridge data collection and asset management and the role of structural health monitoring.” In Proc., SPIE 7983, Nondestructive Characterization for Composite Materials, Aerospace Engineering, Civil Infrastructure, and Homeland Security, edited by H. F. Wu, 1–13. Bellingham, WA: SPIE.
Panetsos, P., and Z. Mparmpa. 2010. Visual inspection manual for bridges. 8th version. Thessaloniki, Greece: Egnatia Motorway S.A., O&M Division, Structures Maintenance Dept.
Petrangeli, M., I. Lardani, and F. del Drago. 2019. “Conservazione e rinnovamento dei ponti stradali Italiani in calcestruzzo.” Strade & Autostrade 136: 46–56.
Shirato, M., and T. Tamakoshi. 2013. “Bridge inspection standards in Japan and US.” In Proc., 29th US - Japan Bridge Engineering Workshop. Japan: Japan Bridge Engineering Workshop.
Sommer, A. M., A. S. Nowak, and P. Thoft-Christensen. 1993. “Probability-based bridge inspection strategy.” J. Struct. Eng. 119 (12): 3520–3536. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:12(3520).
Statista. 2021. “Distribution of road bridge soundness in Japan 2020, by building age.” Accessed September 16, 2021. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1231285/japan-share-road-bridge-conditions-by-age/.
TMH (Technical Methods for Highways) 2013. Manual for the visual assessment of road structures. TMH19. Pretoria, South Africa: South African National Roads Agency.
Turksezer, Z. I., C. Iacovino, P. F. Giordano, and M. P. Limongelli. 2021. “Development and implementation of indicators to assess bridge inspection practices.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage. 147 (12): 04021165. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0002195.
Wood, B. 2006. “The role of existing buildings in the sustainability agenda.” Facilities 24 (1/2): 61–67. https://doi.org/10.1108/02632770610639206.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 27 • Issue 3 • March 2022
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 12, 2021
Accepted: Nov 13, 2021
Published online: Dec 24, 2021
Published in print: Mar 1, 2022
Discussion open until: May 24, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Alessandro Galdelli, Mariapaola D’Imperio, Gabriele Marchello, Adriano Mancini, Massimiliano Scaccia, Michele Sasso, Emanuele Frontoni, Ferdinando Cannella, A Novel Remote Visual Inspection System for Bridge Predictive Maintenance, Remote Sensing, 10.3390/rs14092248, 14, 9, (2248), (2022).