Control of Vortex-Induced Vibration of a Long-Span Bridge by Inclined Railings
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 26, Issue 12
Abstract
The addition of railings inevitably changes the aerodynamic shape of a main girder, which in turn has a great effect on the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a long-span bridge. To ensure the railing has a positive effect, this study presents an inclined railing with improved columns arranged with a spanwise distance of 1–5H (H is the height of the bridge). The design of the improved column is inspired by a passive vortex generator (PVG). The streamwise vortices developed downstream of PVG columns can trigger the three-dimensional instability of a wake, making the shear layer less susceptible to rolling up into mature vortex streets, which are the source of VIV. An experimental study is conducted to compare the influence of traditional and inclined railings on the VIV performance of a closed-box section bridge. It is shown that the addition of a traditional railing deteriorates the VIV performance of the bare girder. However, both vertical and torsional VIVs can be completely suppressed by installing an inclined railing. The results of wake analysis indicate that an inclined railing can greatly decrease the streamwise fluctuation velocity and reduce the spanwise correlation of the streamwise velocity in the wake.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The support for this work was provided by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2018YFC0809600 and 2018YFC0809605), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51878131), and the Harbin Talents Project for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 2017RAYXJ018).
References
Barkley, D., and R. D. Henderson. 1996. “Three-dimensional Floquet stability analysis of the wake of a circular cylinder.” J. Fluid Mech. 322: 215–241. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112096002777.
Battista, R. C., and M. S. Pfeil. 2000. “Reduction of vortex-induced oscillations of Rio–Niterói bridge by dynamic control devices.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 84 (3): 273–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(99)00108-7.
Bruno, L., and G. Mancini. 2002. “Importance of deck details in bridge aerodynamics.” Struct. Eng. Int. 12 (4): 289–294. https://doi.org/10.2749/101686602777965234.
Chen, W., Y. Huang, D. Gao, H. Meng, G. Chen, and H. Li. 2019a. “Passive suction jet control of flow regime around a rectangular column with a low side ratio.” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 109: 109815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2019.05.004.
Chen, W., W. Yang, and H. Li. 2019b. “Self-issuing jets for suppression of vortex-induced vibration of a single box girder.” J. Fluids Struct. 86: 213–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2019.02.017.
Chih-Hua, W., M. Shengwei, C.-W. Kang, T. A. Lim, R. K. Jaiman, and G. Weymouth. 2018. “Suppression of vortex-induced vibration of a square cylinder via continuous twisting at moderate Reynolds numbers.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 177: 136–154.
Darekar, R. M., and S. J. Sherwin. 2001a. “Flow past a square-section cylinder with a wavy stagnation face.” J. Fluid Mech. 426: 263–295. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112000002299.
Darekar, R. M., and S. J. Sherwin. 2001b. “Flow past a bluff body with a wavy stagnation face.” J. Fluids Struct. 15 (3–4): 587–596. https://doi.org/10.1006/jfls.2000.0354.
Dobre, A., H. Hangan, and B. J. Vickery. 2006. “Wake control based on spanwise sinusoidal perturbations.” AIAA J. 44 (3): 485–492. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.15155.
El-Gammal, M., H. Hangan, and P. King. 2007. “Control of vortex shedding-induced effects in a sectional bridge model by spanwise perturbation method.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 95 (8): 663–678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2007.01.006.
Fujino, Y., and D. Siringoringo. 2013. “Vibration mechanisms and controls of long-span bridges: A review.” Struct. Eng. Int. 23 (3): 248–268. https://doi.org/10.2749/101686613X13439149156886.
Fujino, Y., and Y. Yoshida. 2002. “Wind-induced vibration and control of trans-Tokyo Bay Crossing Bridge.” J. Struct. Eng. 128 (8): 1012–1025. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2002)128:8(1012).
Godard, G., and M. Stanislas. 2006. “Control of a decelerating boundary layer. Part 1: Optimization of passive vortex generators.” Aerosp. Sci. Technol. 10 (3): 181–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2005.11.007.
Gretta, W. J. 1990. “An experimental study of the fluid mixing effects and flow structure due to a surface mounted passive vortex generating device.” Masters’ thesis and Ph.D. thesis, Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh Univ.
Gretta, W. J., and C. R. Smith. 1993. “The flow structure and statistics of a passive mixing tab.” J. Fluids Eng. 115 (2): 255–263. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2910133.
Guan, Q., X. Cui, F. Wang, J. Li, and J. Liu. 2014. “Wind tunnel test study of vertical vortex-induced vibration of bluff box girder suppressed by aerodynamic measure.” Bridge Constr. 44: 56–62.
Hamed, A. M., A. Pagan-Vazquez, D. Khovalyg, Z. Zhang, and L. P. Chamorro. 2017. “Vortical structures in the near wake of tabs with various geometries.” J. Fluid Mech. 825: 167–188. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.384.
Haque, M. N., H. Katsuchi, H. Yamada, and M. Nishio. 2016. “Investigation of edge fairing shaping effects on aerodynamic response of long-span bridge deck by unsteady RANS.” Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng. 16 (4): 888–900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2016.06.007.
Hwang, Y., J. Kim, and H. Choi. 2013. “Stabilization of absolute instability in spanwise wavy two-dimensional wakes.” J. Fluid Mech. 727: 346–378. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.270.
Kim, J., and H. Choi. 2005. “Distributed forcing of flow over a circular cylinder.” Phys. Fluids 17 (3): 033103. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1850151.
Laima, S., H. Li, W. Chen, and J. Ou. 2018. “Effects of attachments on aerodynamic characteristics and vortex-induced vibration of twin-box girder.” J. Fluids Struct. 77: 115–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2017.12.005.
Lam, K., and Y. F. Lin. 2008. “Large eddy simulation of flow around wavy cylinders at a subcritical Reynolds number.” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 29 (4): 1071–1088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2008.01.006.
Lam, K., Y. F. Lin, L. Zou, and Y. Liu. 2012. “Numerical study of flow patterns and force characteristics for square and rectangular cylinders with wavy surfaces.” J. Fluids Struct. 28: 359–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2011.11.006.
Larsen, A., S. Esdahl, J. E. Andersen, and T. Vejrum. 2000. “Storebælt suspension bridge—Vortex shedding excitation and mitigation by guide vanes.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 88 (2–3): 283–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(00)00054-4.
Larsen, A., and A. Wall. 2012. “Shaping of bridge box girders to avoid vortex shedding response.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 104–106: 159–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.04.018.
Li, H., S. Laima, J. Ou, X. Zhao, W. Zhou, Y. Yu, N. Li, and Z. Liu. 2011. “Investigation of vortex-induced vibration of a suspension bridge with two separated steel box girders based on field measurements.” Eng. Struct. 33 (6): 1894–1907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.02.017.
Lin, J. C. 2002. “Review of research on low-profile vortex generators to control boundary-layer separation.” Prog. Aerosp. Sci. 38 (4–5): 389–420.
Mashnad, M., and N. P. Jones. 2014. “A model for vortex-induced vibration analysis of long-span bridges.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 134: 96–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2014.09.002.
Nagao, F., H. Utsunomiya, E. Yoshioka, A. Ikeuchi, and H. Kobayashi. 1997. “Effects of handrails on separated shear flow and vortex-induced oscillation.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 69–71: 819–827. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(97)00208-0.
Owen, J. S. 2003. “Discussion: Vortex-induced vibrations of the Second Severn Crossing cable-stayed bridge: Full-scale and wind tunnel measurements.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng.—Struct. Build. 156 (3): 332–333. https://doi.org/10.1680/stbu.2003.156.3.332.
Simiu, E., and T. Miyata. 2006. Design of buildings and bridges for wind. New York: Wiley.
Stillfried, F. V., S. Wallin, and A. Johansson. 2010. “An improved passive vortex generator model for flow separation control.” In Proc., 5th Flow Control Conf. Chicago: AIAA.
Wang, Q., H. Liao, and M. Li. 2011. “Influence of aerodynamic configuration of a streamline box girder on bridge flutter and vortex-induced vibration.” J. Mod. Transp. 19 (4): 261–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03325767.
Williamson, C. H. K. 1996. “Three-dimensional wake transition.” J. Fluid Mech. 328: 345–407. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112096008750.
Xin, D., H. Zhang, and J. Ou. 2018a. “Experimental study on mitigating vortex-induced vibration of a bridge by using passive vortex generators.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 175: 100–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2018.01.046.
Xin, D., H. Zhang, and J. Ou. 2018b. “Secondary wake instability of a bridge model and its application in wake control.” Comput. Fluids 160: 108–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2017.10.025.
Xu, F., X. Ying, Y. Li, and M. Zhang. 2016. “Experimental explorations of the torsional vortex-induced vibrations of a bridge deck.” J. Bridge Eng. 21 (12): 04016093. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000941.
Yuan, W., S. Laima, W. Chen, H. Li, and H. Hu. 2017. “Investigation on the vortex-and-wake-induced vibration of a separated-box bridge girder.” J. Fluids Struct. 70: 145–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2017.01.015.
Zhu, S., Y. Li, J. Shen, and Y. Zhan. 2015. “Optimization of vertex-induced vibration of flat steel box girders at large attack angle by wind tunnel test.” China Civ. Eng. J. 48: 79–86.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 4, 2021
Accepted: Sep 8, 2021
Published online: Oct 11, 2021
Published in print: Dec 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Mar 11, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Fengying Wu, Zilong Wang, Lin Zhao, Tao Pan, Haizhu Xiao, Yaojun Ge, Aerodynamic Force Distribution Characteristics around a Double-Slotted Box Girder of a Long-Span Bridge during Vortex-Induced Vibration, Journal of Bridge Engineering, 10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001977, 28, 1, (2023).
- Zhaolan Wei, Minghui Shen, Xiaodong Song, Xingyu Chen, Mengting Lv, Shaomin Jia, Study on the Correspondence of Vortex Structures and Vortex-Induced Pressures for a Streamlined Box Girder, Applied Sciences, 10.3390/app12031075, 12, 3, (1075), (2022).
- Guanbin Chen, Wenli Chen, Experimental Investigation and Validation on Suppressing the Unsteady Aerodynamic Force and Flow Structure of Single Box Girder by Trailing Edge Jets, Applied Sciences, 10.3390/app12030967, 12, 3, (967), (2022).
- Lin Chen, Zhanhang Liu, Satish Nagarajaiah, Limin Sun, Lin Zhao, Wei Cui, Vibration mitigation of long-span bridges with damped outriggers, Engineering Structures, 10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114873, 271, (114873), (2022).
- Puja Haldar, Somnath Karmakar, State of the Art Review of Aerodynamic Effects on Bridges, Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A, 10.1007/s40030-022-00640-6, 103, 3, (943-960), (2022).