Full-Scale Experimental Study of a Reinforced Concrete Bridge Pier under Truck Collision
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 26, Issue 8
Abstract
Recently, vehicle collisions with bridge piers have occurred frequently, which have attracted the attention of researchers. However, as one of the most important research methods, vehicle collision tests for reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers are limited. The impact responses and damage characteristics of full-scale RC piers have seldom been studied in actual truck collision tests, which hinders further development in this research area. Therefore, a medium-duty truck will be employed to carry out a full-scale crash test on an RC single-column pier 1 m in diameter in this study. The crashing truck had a mass of 7.76 t and a collision speed of 81 km/h. The damage and failure level of the vehicle and RC pier will be examined, and some critical data will be obtained from the test, such as the displacement, velocity, and acceleration time histories of the truck, and the deflection, acceleration, and reinforcement strain time histories of the RC pier. In addition, based on the accelerations of the cargo box and engine, the vehicular impact forces will be derived approximately and discussed. This will provide valuable experimental data for the study of vehicular collisions with RC bridge piers, especially in the calibration and validation of the finite element (FE) models for truck collisions and the impact resistance evaluation of RC bridge piers.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research received financial support from the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2019M661619) and the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 2018JJ3186).
References
AASHTO. 1994. LRFD bridge design specifications (SI units). Washington, DC: AASHTO.
AASHTO. 2012. LRFD bridge design specifications (customary U.S. units). Washington, DC: AASHTO.
Abdelkarim, O. I., and M. A. ElGawady. 2017. “Performance of bridge piers under vehicle collision.” Eng. Struct. 140: 337–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.02.054.
Alberson, D. C., W. L. Menges, and R. R. Haug. 2004. Testing and evaluation of the adler anti-ram wall. College Station, Texas: Texas Transportation Institute.
Auyeung, S., A. Alipour, and D. Saini. 2019. “Performance-based design of bridge piers under vehicle collision.” Eng. Struct. 191: 752–765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.03.005.
Beason, W. L., and T. J. Hirsch. 1989. Measurement of heavy vehicle impact forces and inertial properties-Final report. College Station, TX: Texas Transportation Institute.
Buth, C. E., M. S. Brackin, W. F. Williams, and G. T. Fry. 2011. Collision loads on bridge piers: Phase 2. Report of guidelines for designing bridge piers and abutments for vehicle collisions. FHWA/TX-11/9-4973-2. College Station, TX: Texas Transportation Institute.
Buth, C. E., W. F. Williams, M. S. Brackin, D. Lord, S. R. Geedipally, and A. Y. Abu-Odeh. 2010. Analysis of large truck collisions with bridge piers: Phase 1. Report of guidelines for designing bridge piers and abutments for vehicle collisions. FHWA/TX-10/9-4973-1. College Station, TX: Texas Transportation Institute.
Cao, R., A. K. Agrawal, S. El-Tawil, and W. Wong. 2020. “Performance-Based framework for evaluating truck collision risk for bridge piers.” J. Bridge Eng. 25 (10): 04020082. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001618.
Cao, R., A. K. Agrawal, S. El-Tawil, X. Xu, and W. Wong. 2019a. “Performance-based design framework for bridge piers subjected to truck collision.” J. Bridge Eng. 24 (7): 04019064. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001423.
Cao, R., A. K. Agrawal, S. El-Tawil, X. Xu, and W. Wong. 2019b. “Heavy truck collision with bridge piers: Computational simulation study.” J. Bridge Eng. 24 (6): 04019052. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001398.
Chen, L., S. El-Tawil, and Y. Xiao. 2016a. “Reduced models for simulating collisions between trucks and bridge piers.” J. Bridge Eng. 21 (6): 04016020. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000810.
Chen, L., H. Wu, and T. Liu. 2020. “Shear performance evaluation of reinforced concrete piers subjected to vehicle collision.” J. Struct. Eng. 146 (4): 04020026. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002571.
Chen, L., and Y. Xiao. 2012. “Review of studies on vehicle anti-collision on bridge piers.” J. Highway Transp. Res. Dev. 29 (8): 78–86.
Chen, L., Y. Xiao, and S. El-Tawil. 2016b. “Impact tests of model RC columns by an equivalent truck frame.” J. Struct. Eng. 142 (5): 04016002. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001449.
Chen, L., Y. Xiao, G. Xiao, C. Liu, and A. K. Agrawal. 2015. “Test and numerical simulation of truck collision with anti-ram bollards.” Int. J. Impact Eng. 75 (1): 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2014.07.011.
Clough, R. W., and J. Penzien. 2003. Dynamics of structures. Berkeley, CA: Computers & Structures.
Covaciu, D., and D. S. Dima. 2016. “Crash tests data acquisition and processing.” In Int. Congress of Automotive and Transport Engineering, edited by A. Chiru, and N. Ispas, 782–789. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Demartino, C., J. G. Wu, and Y. Xiao. 2017. “Response of shear-deficient reinforced circular RC columns under lateral impact loading.” Int. J. Impact Eng. 109: 196–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2017.06.011.
Do, T. V., T. M. Pham, and H. Hao. 2018. “Dynamic responses and failure modes of bridge columns under vehicle collision.” Eng. Struct. 156: 243–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.11.053.
El-Tawil, S., E. Severino, and P. Fonseca. 2005. “Vehicle collision with bridge piers.” J. Bridge Eng. 10 (3): 345–353. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2005)10:3(345).
Fan, W., X. Xu, Z. Zhang, and X. Shao. 2018. “Performance and sensitivity analysis of UHPFRC-strengthened bridge columns subjected to vehicle collisions.” Eng. Struct. 173: 251–268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.06.113.
GAQSIQ (General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine) and SA (Standardization Administration). 2010. Metallic materials-Tensile testing-Part 1: Method of test at room temperature. GB/T 228.1-2010. Beijing: Standards Press of China.
Ivory, M. 2005a. Crash test report for perimeter barriers and gates tested to SD-STD-02.01, revision A. Rep. No. TR-P25039-01-NC. Adelanto, CA: KARCO Engineering, LLC.
Ivory, M. 2005b. Crash test report for perimeter barriers and gates tested to SD-STD-02.01, revision A. Rep. No. TR-P25039-02-NC. Adelanto, CA: KARCO Engineering, LLC.
Ivory, M. 2005c. Crash test report for perimeter barriers and gates tested to SD-STD-02.01, revision A. Rep. No. TR-P25076-01-NC. Adelanto, CA: KARCO Engineering, LLC.
Ivory, M. 2006. Crash test report for perimeter barriers and gates tested to SD-STD-02.01, revision A. Rep. No. TR-P26212-01-NC. Adelanto, CA: KARCO Engineering, LLC.
Li, R. W., H. Wu, Q. T. Yang, and D. F. Wang. 2020. “Vehicular impact resistance of seismic designed RC bridge piers.” Eng. Struct. 220: 111015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111015.
McGuinn, P., C. F. Tso, P. Donelan, P. Das, and R. Ford. 1996. “Collisions of HGVs with bridges.” In Int. Symp. on the Safety of Bridges, 3–10. London: Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE).
MOHURD (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development) and SAMR (State Administration for Market Regulation). 2019. Standard for test methods of concrete physical and mechanical properties. GB/T 50081-2019. Beijing: China Architecture and Building Press.
MOT (Ministry of Transport). 2018. Specifications for design of highway reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete bridges and culverts. JTG 3362-2018. Beijing: China Communications Press.
Popp, C. 1961. Der Querstoss beim Aufprall von Kraftfahrzeugen auf Stützen und Rahmenstiele in Strassenunterführungen. Köln, Germany: Stahlbau-Verlag.
SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers). 1995. Instrumentation for impact test—Part 1—Electronic instrumentation. SAE J211-1. Warrendale, PA: SAE.
Sharma, H., S. Hurlebaus, and P. Gardoni. 2012. “Performance-based response evaluation of reinforced concrete columns subject to vehicle impact.” Int. J. Impact Eng. 43: 52–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2011.11.007.
Xu, X., R. Cao, S. El-Tawil, A. K. Agrawal, and W. Wong. 2019. “Loading definition and design of bridge piers impacted by medium-weight trucks.” J. Bridge Eng. 24 (6): 04019042. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001397.
Zhao, W., J. Qian, and J. Wang. 2018. “Performance of bridge structures under heavy goods vehicle impact.” Comput. Concr. 22 (6): 515–525.
Zhou, D., and R. Li. 2018. “Damage assessment of bridge piers subjected to vehicle collision.” Adv. Struct. Eng. 21 (15): 2270–2281. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433218772344.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 26 • Issue 8 • August 2021
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 6, 2020
Accepted: Apr 1, 2021
Published online: Jun 3, 2021
Published in print: Aug 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Nov 3, 2021
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.