Damping of Cable with HDR Damper Accounting for Restraint Boundary Conditions
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 25, Issue 12
Abstract
Conventional designs for added damping in stay cables with a High Damping Rubber (HDR) damper are commonly carried out assuming perfect boundary conditions at the cable ends or a smooth transition between the damper and cable. This paper proposes an asymptotic formulation for the attainable damping in stay cables with an externally installed HDR damper that accounts for uncertain boundaries at the cable ends, which includes hinged, fixed, and rotational restraint ends. The results indicate that by adjusting supports at the cable ends with finite rotational restraint stiffness, the damper works more effectively. In addition, a reduction factor (Rrd) of the achievable damping caused by rotational restraint at an HDR damper location will be proposed and investigated for a clamped–clamped cable. In the design of an HDR damper with a rotational restraint between the damper and cable, the damping ratio is reidentified by multiplying the designed damping of a conventional case by the reduction factor (Rrd).
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and codes generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Professor Yozo Fujino, Yokohama National University, Japan and Dr. Hoang Nam, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Vietnam for insightful explanations on the asymptotic solution and reduction factors.
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- a
- damper location from the left end of cable;
- Ci
- constants of mode shape of cable;
- EI
- bending stiffness of cable;
- Fa
- damper force;
- i
- imaginary number, a part of complex number;
- spring stiffness of HDR damper and its nondimensional parameter;
- optimal coefficient of HDR damper for taut string cable, fixed end cable, hinged end cable and rotational restraint end cable, respectively;
- optimal coefficient of HDR damper for fixed end cable under rotational restraint consideration between cable and damper;
- Kr
- elastic stiffness of rotational restraint;
- nondimensional parameter of Kr;
- l
- cable length;
- m
- mass per unit length of cable;
- q
- intermediate parameter of cable bending stiffness;
- Rf
- reduction factor of damping due to bending stiffness for fixed end cable;
- Rh
- increase factor of damping due to bending stiffness for hinged end cable;
- Rr
- modification factor of damping due to bending stiffness for rotational restraint end cable;
- Rrd
- reduction factor of damping due to rotational restraint at damper location;
- r
- nondimensional parameter of damper location;
- T
- chord tension of cable;
- t
- time coordinate;
- v(y, t)
- cable transverse displacement;
- y
- coordinate;
- amplitude of mode shape at y = a;
- mode shape of cable;
- φ
- loss factor of rubber material;
- ηf, ηh, ηr
- modification factor of due to cable bending for fixed end cable, hinged end cable and rotational restraint end cable, respectively;
- ηrd, ηrd1, ηrd2
- modification factor of due to rotational restraint at damper location;
- βn
- nth wave number of a cable with HDR damper;
- βtn
- nth wave number of a taut string without damper;
- δ1,2
- parameter of cable mode shape;
- η
- nondimensional parameter of cable bending stiffness;
- ξn
- damping ratio corresponding to nth mode of cable; and
- ωn
- nth complex natural frequency of cable.
References
Battini, J. M. 2018. “Analysis of dampers for stay cables using nonlinear beam elements.” Structures 16: 45–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2018.08.009.
Caetano, E. 2007. Cable vibrations in cable-stayed bridges. Vol. 9 of Structural engineering documents. Zurich, Switzerland: IABSEAIPC-IVBH.
Cu, V. H., and B. Han. 2015. “High-damping rubber damper for taut cable vibration reduction.” Aust. J. Struct. Eng. 16 (4): 283–291. https://doi.org/10.1080/13287982.2015.1092690.
Fujino, Y., and N. Hoang. 2008. “Design formulas for damping of a stay cable with a damper.” J. Struct. Eng. 134 (2): 269–278. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:2(269).
Fujino, Y., K. Kimura, and H. Tanaka. 2012. Wind resistant design of bridges in Japan: Developments and practices. Tokyo: Springer.
Hoang, N., and Y. Fujino. 2007. “Analytical study on bending effects in a stay cable with a damper.” J. Eng. Mech. 133 (11): 1241–1246. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2007)133:11(1241).
Impollonia, N., G. Ricciardi, and F. Saitta. 2010. “Dynamic behavior of stay cables with rotational dampers.” J. Eng. Mech. 136 (6): 697–709. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000115.
Jiang, J., G. Q. Li, and Y. Lu. 2013. “Vibration control of cables with damped flexible end restraint: Theoretical model and experimental verification.” J. Sound Vib. 332 (15): 3626–3645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2013.02.001.
Krenk, S. 2000. “Vibrations of a taut cable with an external damper.” J. Appl. Mech. 67 (4): 772–776. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1322037.
Le, L. X., H. Katsuchi, and H. Yamada. 2020. “Effect of rotational restraint at damper location on damping of a taut cable with a viscous damper.” J. Bridge Eng. 25 (2): 04019139. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001520.
Main, J. A., and N. P. Jones. 2002. “Free vibrations of taut cable with attached damper. I: Linear viscous damper.” J. Eng. Mech. 128 (10): 1062–1071. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2002)128:10(1062).
Main, J. A., and N. P. Jones. 2007. “Vibration of tensioned beams with intermediate damper. II: Damper near a support.” J. Eng. Mech. 133 (4): 379–388. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2007)133:4(379).
Mehrabi, A. B., and H. Tabatabai. 1998. “Unified finite difference formulation for free vibration of cables.” J. Struct. Eng. 124 (11): 1313–1322. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:11(1313).
Nakamura, A., A. Kasuga, and H. Arai. 1998. “The effects of mechanical dampers on stay cables with high-damping rubber.” Constr. Build. Mater. 12 (2–3): 115–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(97)00013-5.
Pacheco, B. M., Y. Fujino, and A. Sulekh. 1993. “Estimation curve for modal damping in stay cables with viscous damper.” J. Struct. Eng. 119 (6): 1961–1979. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:6(1961).
PTI (Post-Tensioning Institute). 2007. Recommendations for stay cable design, testing and installation. 5th ed. Phoenix: PTI Committee on Cable-Stayed Bridges.
Tabatabai, H., and A. B. Mehrabi. 2000. “Design of mechanical viscous dampers for stay cables.” J. Bridge Eng. 5 (2): 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2000)5:2(114).
Takano, H., M. Ogasawara, N. Ito, T. Shimosato, K. Takeda, and T. Murakami. 1997. “Vibrational damper for cables of the Tsurumi Tsubasa Bridge.” J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 69–71: 807–818. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(97)00207-9.
Zhou, H., N. Xiang, X. Huang, L. Sun, F. Xing, and R. Zhou. 2018. “Full-scale test of dampers for stay cable vibration mitigation and improvement measures.” Struct. Monit. Maint. 5 (4): 489–506. https://doi.org/10.12989/smm.2018.5.4.489.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 27, 2020
Accepted: Jul 8, 2020
Published online: Sep 29, 2020
Published in print: Dec 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Mar 1, 2021
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.