Influence of SSI on the Stiffness of Bridge Systems Founded on Caissons
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 22, Issue 8
Abstract
This paper presents a parametric study that identifies the relevance of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the static stiffness matrix of bridge piers founded on caissons. Bridge piers and caissons with different geometric features and foundation soils characterized by low or high shear wave velocity are encompassed. A discrete model for the foundation-soil system (lumped-spring approach) and a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) scheme for the superstructure are adopted to analyze the coupled system of pier, caisson, and soil. The SSI is introduced in the structural model by concentrated springs and masses taking into account the embedment of the caisson. For each case of the parametric study, the ratio between the overall stiffness of the soil-caisson-pier system and the stiffness of the pier in its fixed-base configuration is evaluated by defining the geometrical and mechanical parameters that play the primary role. Last, a closed-form equation combining the key parameters is developed for providing a unique parameter that allows engineers to quickly assess the relevance of SSI in bridge pier design before performing cumbersome and time-consuming interaction analyses.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Ciampoli, M., and Pinto, E. (1995). “Effects of soil-structure interaction on inelastic seismic response of bridge piers.” J. Struct. Eng., 806–814.
Dicleli, M., Lee, J. Y., and Mansour, M. (2004). “Importance of soil-bridge interaction modeling in seismic analysis of seismic-isolated bridges.” Proc., 13th World Conf. on Earthquake Engineering.
Gazetas, G. (1991). “Formulas and charts for impedances of surface and embedded foundations.” J. Geotech. Eng., 1363–1381.
Gerolymos, N., and Gazetas, G. (2006a). “Static and dynamic response of massive caisson foundations with soil and interface nonlinearities-validation and results.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 26, 377–394.
Gerolymos, N., and Gazetas, G. (2006b). “Winkler model for lateral response of rigid caisson foundations in linear soil.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 26, 347–361.
Jeremić, B., Kunnath, S., and Xiong, F. (2004). “Influence of soil-foundation-structure interaction on seismic response of the I-880 viaduct.” Eng. Struct., 26(3), 391–402.
Makris, N., Badoni, D., Delis, E., and Gazetas, G. (1995). “Prediction of observed bridge response with soil-pile-structure interaction.” J. Struct. Eng., 2992–3011.
Mylonakis, G., Nikolaou, S., and Gazetas, G. (2006). “Footings under seismic loading: Analysis and design issues with emphasis on bridge foundations.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 26(9), 824–853.
Pais, A., and Kausel, E. (1988). “Approximate formulas for dynamic stiffnesses of rigid foundations.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 7(4), 213–227.
SAP2000 [Computer software]. Computers & Structures, Inc., Walnut Creek, CA.
Spyrakos, C. (1992). “Seismic behavior of bridge piers including soil-structure interaction.” Comput. Struct., 43(2), 373–384.
Tsigginos, C., Gerolymos, N., Assimaki, D., and Gazetas, G.(2008). “Seismic response of bridge pier on rigid caisson foundation in soil stratum.” Earthquake Eng. Eng. Vib., 7(1), 33–44.
Varun, Assimaki, D., and Gazetas, G. (2009). “A simplified model for lateral response of large diameter caisson foundations—Linear elastic formulation.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 29(2), 268–291.
Veletsos, A. S. (1977). “Dynamics of structure-foundation systems.” Structural and geotechnical mechanics, a volume honoring N. M. Newmark, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 333–361.
Veletsos, A. S., and Meek, J. W. (1974). “Dynamic behaviour of building-foundation systems.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 3(2), 121–138.
Wang, J. N. (2006). “Soil-foundation-structure interaction and design of deep foundation against lateral spread.” PWRI Technical Memorandum No. 4009, 397–409.
Zafeirakos, A., Gerolymos, N., and Gazetas, G. (2011). “The role of soil and interface nonlinearities on the seismic response of caisson supported bridge piers.” Proc., 5th Int. Conf. on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering.
Zafeirakos, A., Gerolymos, N., and Gazetas, G. (2013). “Incremental dynamic analysis of caisson-pier interaction.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 48, 71–88.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 11, 2016
Accepted: Feb 27, 2017
Published online: Jun 6, 2017
Published in print: Aug 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Nov 6, 2017
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.