Experimental Study on Tensile Behavior of Wet Joints in a Prefabricated Composite Deck System Composed of Orthotropic Steel Deck and Ultrathin Reactive-Powder Concrete Layer
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 21, Issue 10
Abstract
The widely used orthotropic steel deck system is subject to several durability problems: fatigue cracking of the steel, wearing of the surfacing, and corrosion. Thus, the composite deck system composed of an orthotropic steel deck and an ultrathin reactive-powder concrete (RPC) layer was proposed. In a prefabricated composite deck system, joints formed between the prefabricated RPC layer and the cast-in-situ RPC layer are defined as wet joints. The experimental study was conducted on the tensile behavior of RPC wet joints to ensure the integrity of the prefabricated deck system and the serviceability and durability of the RPC layer. Two series of tests were conducted, including seven tensile tests on panels and four negative bending tests on beams. In these tests, five types of new wet joint details were designed in addition to the integral casting detail and the conventional wet joint with a vertical, plane interface. To study the mechanical properties and crack resistance performance of different wet joint details, the load-deformation curves and the nominal RPC tensile stress–maximum crack width curves of the models in each test series were compared. Comparisons showed that the mechanical properties of different wet joint details were close to one another. However, their crack resistance performance differed considerably. The sawtooth wet joint, rectangular wet joint, and steel plate–enhanced wet joint had substantially better crack resistance performance than the conventional wet joint. In contrast, the inclined wet joint and the reinforcement-enhanced wet joint had poor crack resistance performance because of their plane interfaces. Additionally, test results suggested that the postcracking behavior of the RPC layer was improved by the steel fibers. Therefore, for more economical bridge designs, the durability-based allowable RPC tensile stress was recommended instead of the initial cracking stress.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Science Fund of China (Nos. 51138007 and 51229801). The authors also express their sincere appreciation to the reviewers of this paper for their constructive comments and suggestions.
References
AASHTO. (2012). AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications, 6th Ed., Washington, DC.
An, L., and Cederwall, K. (1996). “Push-out tests on studs in high strength and normal strength concrete.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 36(1), 15–29.
Bărbos, G. A., and Păstrav, M. (2014). “State-of-the-art report on ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC).” Constructii, 15(1), 63–69.
Buitelaar, P., Braam, R., and Kaptijn, N. (2004). “Reinforced high performance concrete overlay system for rehabilitation and strengthening of orthotropic steel bridge decks.” Proc., 1st Int. Orthotropic Bridge Conf., ASCE, Reston, VA, 384–401.
Connor, R., et al. (2012). “Manual for design, construction, and maintenance of orthotropic steel deck bridges.” FHWA-IF-12-027, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. DOT, Washington, DC.
de Jong, F. B. P. (2004). “Overview fatigue phenomenon in orthotropic bridge decks in the Netherlands.” Proc., 1st Int. Orthotropic Bridge Conf., ASCE, Reston, VA, 489–512.
Hulsey, J., Yang, L., and Raad, L. (1999). “Wearing surfaces for orthotropic steel bridge decks.” Transportation Research Record, 1654, 141–150.
Johnson, R. P. (2004). Composite structures of steel and concrete: Beams, slabs, columns, and frames for buildings, 3rd Ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, U.K.
Li, V. C., Stang, H., and Krenchel, H. (1993). “Micromechanics of crack bridging in fibre-reinforced concrete.” Mater. Struct., 26(8), 486–494.
Nie, J., Fan, J., and Cai, C. S. (2004). “Stiffness and deflection of steel-concrete composite beams under negative bending.” J. Struct. Eng., 1842–1851.
Rafiee, A. (2012). “Computer modeling and investigation on the steel corrosion in cracked ultra high performance concrete.” Structural materials and engineering series No. 21, Kassel University Press GmbH, Kassel, Germany.
Richard, P., and Cheyrezy, M. (1995). “Composition of reactive powder concretes.” Cem. Concr. Res., 25(7), 1501–1511.
Schmidt, M., and Fehling, E. (2005). “Ultra-high-performance concrete: research, development and application in Europe.” ACI Special Publication, 228, 51–78.
Shao, X., Yi, D., Huang, Z., Zhao, H., Chen, B., and Liu, M. (2013). “Basic performance of the composite deck system composed of orthotropic steel deck and ultrathin RPC layer.” J. Bridge Eng., 417–428.
Walter, R., Olesen, J. F., Stang, H., and Vejrum, T. (2007). “Analysis of an orthotropic deck stiffened with a cement-based overlay.” J. Bridge Eng., 350–363.
Wang, Y. C. (1998). “Deflection of steel-concrete composite beams with partial shear interaction.” J. Struct. Eng., 1159–1165.
Wolchuk, R. (1963). Design manual for orthotropic steel plate deck bridges, AISC, Chicago.
Wolchuk, R. (1999). “Steel orthotropic decks developments in the 1990s.” Transportation Research Record, 1688, 30–37.
Wolchuk, R. (2002). “Structural behaviour of surfacings on steel orthotropic decks and considerations for practical design.” Struct. Eng. Int., 12(2), 124–129.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 15, 2015
Accepted: Mar 15, 2016
Published online: Apr 15, 2016
Discussion open until: Sep 15, 2016
Published in print: Oct 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.