Dynamic Response Analysis of a Frame Structure with Superelastic Nitinol SMA Helical Spring Braces for Vibration Reduction
Publication: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 31, Issue 6
Abstract
This paper proposes a new type of energy dissipation brace system that is composed of superelastic Nitinol shape memory alloy (SMA) helical springs to reduce seismic responses of a frame structure. To investigate the earthquake-resistant effectiveness of the proposed brace system, a 2-story steel frame structural model was fabricated, and four SMA springs were trained in the laboratory. To describe the nonlinear force-displacement relationship of the SMA helical springs under general dynamic load, a mathematical model was developed based on a stress-strain relationship of SMA material, and the model agreed well with the test results. A numerical simulation model of the 2-story frame with the new energy dissipation brace system was then established to obtain the responses of the frame subjected to an earthquake. To verify the effectiveness of the numerical model, a series of vibration table experiments were carried out. The experimental results have very good agreement with the numerical simulation results, and the proposed brace system can effectively suppress structural vibrations. Compared with the steel spring brace and the viscous damper brace, the new energy dissipation brace can provide better vibration reduction effects, simultaneously reducing the displacement and acceleration responses of the frame. Considering its abilities of energy dissipation as well as fully recentering, the Nitinol SMA spring brace system has a great potential for frame structural vibration reduction.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the financial support from the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. 51378407 and 51578431). Additionally, the research in this paper was financially supported by the open foundation of Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics, Wuhan University of Technology (Project No. TAM201814).
References
Aguiar, R. A. A., M. A. Savi, and P. M. C. L. Pacheco. 2010. “Experimental and numerical investigations of shape memory alloy helical springs.” Smart Mater. Struct. 19 (2): 025008. 10.1088/0964-1726/19/2/025008.
Aizawa, S., T. Kakizawa, and M. Higasino. 1998. “Case studies of smart materials for civil structures.” Smart Mater. Struct. 7 (5): 617–626. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/7/5/006.
Arockiasamy, M., P. S. Neelakanta, and G. Sreenivasan. 1992. “Vibration control of beams with embedded smart composite material.” J. Aerosp. Eng. 5 (4): 492–498. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0893-1321(1992)5:4(492).
Attanasi, G., F. Auricchio, and M. Urbano. 2011. “Theoretical and experimental investigation on SMA superelastic springs.” J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 20 (4): 706–711. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-9831-5.
Chen, J., G. Lu, Y. Li, T. Wang, W. Wang, and G. Song. 2017. “Experimental study on robustness of an eddy current-tuned mass damper.” Appl. Sci. 7 (9): 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7090895.
Choi, E., D. H. Lee, and N. Y. Choei. 2009. “Shape memory alloy bending bars as seismic restrainers for bridges in seismic areas.” Int. J. Steel Struct. 9 (4): 261–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03249500.
Clark, P. W., I. D. Aiken, J. M. Kelly, M. Higashino, and R. C. Krumme. 1995. “Experimental and analytical studies of shape memory alloy damper for structural control.” Proc. SPIE 2445: 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.208891.
Dolce, M., D. Cardone, and R. Marnetto. 2000. “Implementation and testing of passive control devices based on shape memory alloys.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 29 (7): 945–968. https://doi.org/10.1002/1096-9845(200007)29:7%3C945::AID-EQE958%3E3.0.CO;2-.
Graesser, E. J., and F. A. Cozzarelli. 1991. “Shape memory alloys as new materials for aseismic isolation.” J. Eng. Mech. 117 (11): 2590–2608. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1991)117:11(2590).
Han, Y. L., Q. S. Li, A. Q. Li, and A. Y. T. Leung. 2003. “Structural vibration control by shape memory alloy damper.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 32 (3): 483–494. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.243.
Han, Y. L., D. J. Xing, E. T. Xiao, and A. Q. Li. 2005. “NiTi-wire shape memory alloy dampers to simultaneously damp tension, compression, and torsion.” J. Vib. Control 11 (8): 1067–1084. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077546305055773.
Hrovat, D., P. Barak, and M. Rabins. 1983. “Semiactive versus passive or active tuned mass dampers for structural control.” J. Eng. Mech. 109 (3): 691–705. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1983)109:3(691).
Huang, B., H. Zhang, H. Wang, and G. Song. 2014. “Passive base isolation with superelastic nitinol SMA helical springs.” Smart Mater. Struct. 23 (6): 065009. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/6/065009.
Jackson, C. M., H. M. Wagner, and R. J. Wasilewski. 1972. 55-Nitinol-the alloy with a memory: It’s physical metallurgy properties, and applications. Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Kalaycioglu, S., M. Giray, and H. Asmer. 1997. “Vibration control of flexible manipulators using smart structures.” In Vol. 1 of Proc., 12th Int. Symp. on Intelligent Control, edited by K. Ciliz and Y. Istefanopulos, 415–420. New York: IEEE.
Kamat, M. P. 1988. “Active control of structures in nonlinear response.” J. Aerosp. Eng. 1 (1): 52–62. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0893-1321(1988)1:1(52).
Kim, J., J. Ryu, and L. Chung. 2006. “Seismic performance of structures connected by viscoelastic dampers.” Eng. Struct. 28 (2): 183–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.05.014.
Li, H., C. X. Mao, and J. P. Ou. 2008. “Experimental and theoretical study on two types of shape memory alloy devices.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 37 (3): 407–426. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.761.
Li, H., P. Zhang, G. Song, D. Patil, and Y. L. Mo. 2015a. “Robustness study of the pounding tuned mass damper for vibration control of subsea jumpers.” Smart Mater. Struct. 24 (9): 095001. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/24/9/095001.
Li, L., G. Song, M. Singla, and Y. L. Mo. 2015b. “Vibration control of a traffic signal pole using a pounding tuned mass damper with viscoelastic materials (II): Experimental verification.” J. Vib. Control 21 (4): 670–675. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077546313488407.
Li, P., S. Liu, and Z. Lu. 2017. “Experimental study on the performance of polyurethane-steel sandwich structure under debris flow.” Appl. Sci. 7 (10): 1018. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7101018.
Lin, W. H., and A. K. Chopra. 2002. “Earthquake response of elastic SDF systems with non-linear fluid viscous dampers.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 31 (9): 1623–1642. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.179.
Lu, Z., X. Lu, W. Lu, and S. F. Masri. 2012. “Experimental studies of the effects of buffered particle dampers attached to a multi-degree-of-freedom system under dynamic loads.” J. Sound Vib. 331 (9): 2007–2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2011.12.022.
Ma, H., and M. C. H. Yam. 2011. “Modeling of self-centering damper and its application in structural control.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 67 (4): 656–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2010.11.014.
Manach, P. Y., and D. Favier. 1997. “Shear and tensile thermomechanical behavior of near equiatomic NiTi alloy.” Mater. Sci. Eng. 222 (1): 45–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(96)10510-4.
Mishra, S. K., S. Gur, and S. Chakraborty. 2013. “An improved tuned mass damper (SMA-TMD) assisted by a shape memory alloy spring.” Smart Mater. Struct. 22 (9): 095016. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/22/9/095016.
Motahari, S. A., and M. Ghassemieh. 2007. “Multilinear one-dimensional shape memory material model for use in structural engineering applications.” Eng. Struct. 29 (6): 904–913. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.06.007.
Ozbulut, O. E., S. Hurlebaus, and R. Desroches. 2011. “Seismic response control using shape memory alloys: A review.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 22 (14): 1531–1549. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X11411220.
Qian, H., H. Li, and G. Song. 2016. “Experimental investigations of building structure with a superelastic shape memory alloy friction damper subject to seismic loads.” Smart Mater. Struct. 25 (12): 125026. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/25/12/125026.
Qian, H., H. Li, G. Song, and W. Guo. 2013. “A constitutive model for superelastic shape memory alloys considering the influence of strain rate.” Math. Problems Eng. 2013 (3): 206–226.
Rana, R., and T. T. Soong. 1998. “Parametric study and simplified design of tuned mass dampers.” Eng. Struct. 20 (3): 193–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00078-3.
Ren, W., H.-N. Li, and G. Song. 2007. “Phenomenological modeling of the cyclic behavior of superelastic shape memory alloys.” Smart Mater. Struct. 16 (4): 1083–1089. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/16/4/017.
Song, G., S. C. S. Cai, and H.-N. Li. 2017. “Energy dissipation and vibration control: Modeling, algorithm, and devices.” Appl. Sci. 7 (8): 801. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7080801.
Song, G., N. Ma, and H.-N. Li. 2006. “Applications of shape memory alloys in civil structures.” Eng. Struct. 28 (9): 1266–1274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.12.010.
Song, G., P. Z. Qiao, W. K. Binienda, and G. P. Zou. 2002. “Active vibration damping of composite beam using smart sensors and actuators.” J. Aerosp. Eng. 5 (3): 97–103. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0893-1321(2002)15:3(97).
Song, G., Y. Xu, and X. Wu. 2005. “Mechanical properties analysis of SMA spring.” [In Chinese.] J. Nanchang Univ. 27 (2): 1–5.
Song, Y. 2017. “Experimental and numerical study of vibration control of frame structure with SMAS-TMD system.” M.S. thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Wuhan Univ. of Technology.
Speicher, M., D. E. Hodgson, R. DesRoches, and R. T. Leon. 2009. “Shape memory alloy tension/compression device for seismic retrofit of buildings.” J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 18 (5): 746–753. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-009-9433-7.
Wang, W., D. Dalton, X. Hua, X. Wang, Z. Chen, and G. Song. 2017. “Experimental study on vibration control of a submerged pipeline model by eddy current tuned mass damper.” Appl. Sci. 7 (10): 987. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7100987.
Williams, A. K., G. Chiu, and R. Bernhard. 2002. “Adaptive-passive absorbers using shape-memory alloy.” J. Sound Vib. 249 (5): 835–848. https://doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.2000.3496.
Xu, Y. L., W. L. Qu, and J. M. Ko. 2000. “Seismic response control of frame structures using magnetorheological/electrorheological dampers.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn. 29 (5): 557–575. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(200005)29:5%3C557::AID-EQE922%3E3.0.CO;2-X.
Xue, S., and X. Li. 2007. “Control devices incorporated with shape memory alloy.” Earthquake Eng. Eng. Vib. 6 (2): 159–169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-007-0734-2.
Yang, C. W., R. DesRoches, and R. T. Leon. 2010. “Design and analysis of braced frames with shape memory alloy and energy-absorbing hybrid devices.” Eng. Struct. 32(2): 498–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.10.011.
Zhang, P., L. Li, D. Patil, M. Singla, H. N. Li, Y. L. Mo, and G. Song. 2016. “Parametric study of pounding tuned mass damper for subsea jumpers.” Smart Mater. Struct. 25 (1): 015028. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/25/1/015028.
Zhang, P., G. Song, H. N. Li, and Y. X. Lin. 2013. “Seismic control of power transmission tower using pounding TMD.” J. Eng. Mech. 139 (10): 1395–1406. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000576.
Zhou, Y., and H. Li. 2014. “Analysis of a high-rise steel structure with viscous damped outriggers.” Struct. Des. Tall Special Build. 23 (13): 963–979. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1098.
Zhou, Y., X. Lu, D. Weng, and R. Zhang. 2012. “A practical design method for reinforced concrete structures with viscous dampers.” Eng. Struct. 39: 187–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.02.014.
Zuo, X. B., A. Q. Li, and Q. F. Chen. 2008. “Design and analysis of a superelastic SMA damper.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 19(6): 631–639. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X07078085.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 31 • Issue 6 • November 2018
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 7, 2018
Accepted: Apr 27, 2018
Published online: Jul 30, 2018
Published in print: Nov 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Dec 30, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.