Identification of Minor Structural Damage Based on Electromechanical Impedance Sensitivity and Sparse Regularization
Publication: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 31, Issue 5
Abstract
This paper proposes a structural damage identification approach based on model updating with electromechanical impedance sensitivity and the sparse regularization technique to identify the location and severity of minor damage in structures. The sensitivities of the resonance frequency shifts in the impedance responses with respect to the stiffness parameters of the host structure are calculated and used to identify the damage with a small number of resonance frequency shifts. Numerical verifications on a single lead zirconate titanate (PZT) transducer patch and a PZT on a narrow aluminum plate structure are conducted to validate the finite-element modeling technique to calculate the impedance. The effectiveness and performance of the proposed structural damage identification approach are demonstrated with numerical simulations on an aluminum plate model attached to a PZT transducer patch. The initial finite-element model and a limited number of resonance frequency shifts in the impedance responses are used for the identification. Sparse regularization, namely, the regularization technique, is used for solving the inverse problem. Single and multiple damage scenarios are considered. The effects of noise in the measured impedance signals and the number of available frequency shifts on the performance of the proposed damage identification approach are investigated. The results demonstrate the performance and robustness of the proposed approach.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The work described in this paper was supported by the Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Award DE140101741.
References
Albakri, M. I., and P. A. Tarazaga. 2017. “Electromechanical impedance-based damage characterization using spectral element method.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 28 (1): 63–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X16642534.
Annamdas, V. G. M., and C. K. Soh. 2008. “Three-dimensional electromechanical impedance model for multiple piezoceramic transducers: Structure interaction.” J. Aerosp. Eng. 21 (1): 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0893-1321(2008)21:1(35).
Bao, Y., H. Li, Z. Chen, F. Zhang, and A. Guo. 2016. “Sparse l1 optimization-based identification approach for the distribution of moving heavy vehicle loads on cable-stayed bridges.” Struct. Control Health Monit. 23 (1): 144–155. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1763.
Bhalla, S. 2001. “Smart system based automated health monitoring of structures.” Ph.D. thesis, Nanyang Technological Univ.
Bhalla, S., and C. K. Soh. 2004. “Structural health monitoring by piezo-impedance transducers. I: Modeling.” J. Aerosp. Eng. 17 (4): 154–165. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0893-1321(2004)17:4(154).
Chaudhry, Z. A., T. Joseph, F. P. Sun, and C. A. Rogers. 1995. “Local-area health monitoring of aircraft via piezoelectric actuator/sensor patches.” In Proc., Smart Structures & Materials’ 95, 268–276. Brussels, Belgium: International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Chen, S. S., D. L. Donoho, and M. A. Saunders. 2001. “Atomic decomposition by basis pursuit.” SIAM Rev. 43 (1): 129–159. https://doi.org/10.1137/S003614450037906X.
Fan, X., J. Li, and H. Hao. 2016. “Piezoelectric impedance based damage detection in truss bridges based on time-frequency ARMA model.” Smart Struct. Syst. 18 (3): 501–523. https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.18.3.501.
Fekrmandi, H., M. Unal, S. R. Neva, I. N. Tansel, and D. McDaniel. 2016. “A novel approach for classification of loads on plate structures using artificial neural networks.” Measurement 82: 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2015.12.027.
Giurgiutiu, V., A. Reynolds, and C. A. Rogers. 1999. “Experimental investigation of E/M impedance health monitoring for spot-welded structural joints.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 10 (10): 802–812. https://doi.org/10.1106/N0J5-6UJ2-WlGV-Q8MC.
Giurgiutiu, V., and A. N. Zagrai. 2000. “Characterization of piezoelectric wafer active sensors.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 11 (12): 959–976. https://doi.org/10.1106/A1HU-23JD-M5AU-ENGW.
Gyuhae, P., K. Kabeya, H. H. Cudney, and D. J. Inman. 1999. “Impedance-based structural health monitoring for temperature varying applications.” JSME Int. J. Ser. A Solid Mech. Mater. Eng. 42 (2): 249–258. https://doi.org/10.1299/jsmea.42.249.
He, C., S. Yang, Z. Liu, and B. Wu. 2014. “Damage localization and quantification of truss structure based on electromechanical impedance technique and neural network.” Shock Vibr. 2014: 9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/727404.
Hernandez, E. M. 2014. “Identification of isolated structural damage from incomplete spectrum information using l1-norm minimization.” Mech. Syst. Sig. Process. 46 (1): 59–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2013.12.009.
Islam, M., and H. Huang. 2014. “Understanding the effects of adhesive layer on the electromechanical impedance (EMI) of bonded piezoelectric wafer transducer.” Smart Mater. Struct. 23 (12): 125037. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/12/125037.
Kim, J., and K. Wang. 2014. “An enhanced impedance-based damage identification method using adaptive piezoelectric circuitry.” Smart Mater. Struct. 23 (9): 095041. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/9/095041.
Koo, K.-Y., S. Park, J.-J. Lee, and C.-B. Yun. 2009. “Automated impedance-based structural health monitoring incorporating effective frequency shift for compensating temperature effects.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 20 (4): 367–377. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X08088664.
Lesieutre, G. 2001. “Damping in finite element models.” In Encyclopedia of vibration, edited by D. J. Ewins and S. S. Rao. New York: Academic Press.
Li, J., and H. Hao. 2014. “Substructure damage identification based on wavelet domain response reconstruction.” Struct. Health Monit. 13 (4): 389–405. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921714532991.
Li, J., and H. Hao. 2016. “A review of recent research advances on structural health monitoring in Western Australia.” Struct. Monit. Maint. 3 (1): 33–49. https://doi.org/10.12989/smm.2016.3.1.033.
Li, J., H. Hao, and Z. Chen. 2017. “Damage identification and optimal sensor placement for structures under unknown traffic-induced vibrations.” J. Aerosp. Eng. 30 (2): B4015001. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0000550.
Liang, C., F. Sun, and C. Rogers. 1994. “Coupled electro-mechanical analysis of adaptive material systems—Determination of the actuator power consumption and system energy transfer.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 5 (1): 12–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X9400500102.
Liang, Y., D. Li, S. M. Parvasi, Q. Kong, I. Lim, and G. Song. 2016. “Bond-slip detection of concrete-encased composite structure using electro-mechanical impedance technique.” Smart Mater. Struct. 25 (9): 095003. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/25/9/095003.
Lim, Y. Y., W. Y. H. Liew, and C. K. Soh. 2015. “A parametric study on admittance signatures of a PZT transducer under free vibration.” Mech. Adv. Mater. Struct. 22 (11): 877–884. https://doi.org/10.1080/15376494.2013.864437.
Lim, Y. Y., and C. K. Soh. 2014. “Towards more accurate numerical modeling of impedance based high frequency harmonic vibration.” Smart Mater. Struct. 23 (3): 035017. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/3/035017.
Lu, Z., and S. Law. 2007. “Features of dynamic response sensitivity and its application in damage detection.” J. Sound Vib. 303 (1): 305–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2007.01.021.
Madhav, A. V. G., and C. K. Soh. 2007. “An electromechanical impedance model of a piezoceramic transducer-structure in the presence of thick adhesive bonding.” Smart Mater. Struct. 16 (3): 673–686. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/16/3/014.
Makkonen, T., A. Holappa, J. Ella, and M. Salomea. 2001. “Finite element simulations of thin-film composite BAW resonators.” IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 48 (5): 1241–1258. https://doi.org/10.1109/58.949733.
Min, J., S. Park, C.-B. Yun, C.-G. Lee, and C. Lee. 2012. “Impedance-based structural health monitoring incorporating neural network technique for identification of damage type and severity.” Eng. Struct. 39: 210–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.01.012.
Pan, C. D., L. Yu, H. L. Liu, Z. P. Chen, and F. P. Luo. 2018. “Moving force identification based on redundant concatenated dictionary and weighted l1-norm regularization.” Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 98: 32–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2017.04.032.
Park, G., H. Sohn, C. R. Farrar, and D. J. Inman. 2003. “Overview of piezoelectric impedance-based health monitoring and path forward.” Shock Vibr. Digest 35 (6): 451–463. https://doi.org/10.1177/05831024030356001.
Park, S., S. Ahmad, C.-B. Yun, and Y. Roh. 2006. “Multiple crack detection of concrete structures using impedance-based structural health monitoring techniques.” Exp. Mech. 46 (5): 609–618. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-006-8734-0.
Peairs, D. M., G. Park, and D. J. Inman. 2004. “Improving accessibility of the impedance-based structural health monitoring method.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 15 (2): 129–139. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X04039914.
Priya, C. B., A. L. Reddy, G. R. Rao, N. Gopalakrishnan, and A. R. M. Rao. 2014. “Low frequency and boundary condition effects on impedance based damage identification.” Case Stud. Nondestr.Test. Eval. 2: 9–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csndt.2014.05.001.
Sepehry, N., F. Bakhtiari-Nejad, and M. Shamshirsaz. 2017. “Discrete singular convolution and spectral finite element method for predicting electromechanical impedance applied on rectangular plates.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 28 (18): 2473–2488. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X17689931.
Sepehry, N., M. Shamshirsaz, and F. Abdollahi. 2011. “Temperature variation effect compensation in impedance-based structural health monitoring using neural networks.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 22 (17): 1975–1982. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X11421814.
Sevillano, E. 2016. “Interfacial crack-induced debonding identification in FRP-strengthened RC beams from PZT signatures using hierarchical clustering analysis.” Composites Part B 87: 322–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.09.006.
Shuai, Q., K. Zhou, S. Zhou, and J. Tang. 2017. “Fault identification using piezoelectric impedance measurement and model-based intelligent inference with pre-screening.” Smart Mater. Struct. 26 (4): 045007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/aa5d41.
Song, G., H. Gu, and H. N. Li. 2004. “Application of the piezoelectric materials for health monitoring in civil engineering: An overview.” In Proc., 9th Biennial Conf. on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments, 680–687. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Sun, F. P., Z. Chaudhry, C. Liang, and C. Rogers. 1995. “Truss structure integrity identification using PZT sensor-actuator.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 6 (1): 134–139. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X9500600117.
Tikhonov, A. N. 1963. “On the solution of ill-posed problems and the method of regularization.” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 151 (3): 501–504.
Tseng, K. K., and A. Naidu. 2002. “Non-parametric damage detection and characterization using smart piezoceramic material.” Smart Mater. Struct. 11 (3): 317–329. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/11/3/301.
Van den Berg, E., and M. P. Friedlander. 2008. “Probing the Pareto frontier for basis pursuit solutions.” SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 31 (2): 890–912. https://doi.org/10.1137/080714488.
Van den Berg, E., and M. P. Friedlander. 2011. “Sparse optimization with least-squares constraints.” SIAM J. Optim. 21 (4): 1201–1229. https://doi.org/10.1137/100785028.
Wandowski, T., P. Malinowski, and W. Ostachowicz. 2016. “Delamination detection in CFRP panels using EMI method with temperature compensation.” Compos. Struct. 151: 99–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.02.056.
Wang, X., and J. Tang. 2009. “Damage identification using piezoelectric impedance approach and spectral element method.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 20 (8): 907–921. https://doi.org/10.1177/1045389X08099659.
Xia, Y., and H. Hao. 2003. “Statistical damage identification of structures with frequency changes.” J. Sound Vib. 263 (4): 853–870. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-460X(02)01077-5.
Xiao, L., G. Chen, X. Chen, and W. Qu. 2016. “Investigation of piezoelectric impedance-based health monitoring of structure interface debonding.” In Proc., SPIE Smart Structures and Materials+ Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring. Brussels, Belgium: International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Xu, B., T. Zhang, G. Song, and H. Gu. 2016. “Active interface debonding detection of a concrete-filled steel tube with piezoelectric technologies using wavelet packet analysis.” Mech. Syst. Sig. Process. 36 (1): 7–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2011.07.029.
Yang, Y., Y. Y. Lim, and C. K. Soh. 2008. “Practical issues related to the application of the electromechanical impedance technique in the structural health monitoring of civil structures: I. Experiment.” Smart Mater. Struct. 17 (3): 035008. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/17/3/035008.
Yang, Y., J. Xu, and C. K. Soh. 2005. “Generic impedance-based model for structure-piezoceramic interacting system.” J. Aerosp. Eng. 18 (2): 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0893-1321(2005)18:2(93).
Zagrai, A. N., and V. Giurgiutiu. 2001. “Electro-mechanical impedance method for crack detection in thin plates.” J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 12 (10): 709–718. https://doi.org/10.1177/104538901320560355.
Zhou, X. Q., Y. Xia, and S. Weng. 2015. “L1 regularization approach to structural damage detection using frequency data.” Struct. Health Monit. 14 (6): 571–582. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921715604386.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 14, 2017
Accepted: Mar 9, 2018
Published online: Jun 13, 2018
Published in print: Sep 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Nov 13, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.