Identifying Sources of Variation in Horizontal Stabilizer Assembly Induced by Rib Using Finite-Element Analysis and Full Factorial Design Method
Publication: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 27, Issue 4
Abstract
This paper proposes a method to identify sources of variation in the assembly of a horizontal stabilizer using finite-element analysis (FEA) and the full factorial design (FFD) method. The horizontal stabilizer is mainly assembled with edges and ribs. The ribs are the typical thin-walled deformable aluminum components used in a horizontal stabilizer. Residual stress, machining distortion, and other stochastic variables result in the distortion of the ribs. Part-to-part assembly of these compliant components regularly causes difficulties associated with dimensional variations. The FEA and FFD methods are used to analyze the deviation induced by the ribs. The FEA variation analysis is utilized in a case study of the assembly of a horizontal stabilizer system and good performance is obtained. The results show that the precision of the rib bears directly upon the whole geometrical precision of the trailing edge and provide a quantitative evaluation of the rib’s distortion affecting the trailing edge. This study will enhance the understanding of the deformation of compliant components during assembly and help systematically improve the efficiency of precision control in the assembly of civil aircraft.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for the support of this work through a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50905117), the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB731703), and the SMC-Chenxing Scholar Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ.
References
ABAQUS [Computer software]. Hibbitt, Karlsson and Sorenson, Pawtucket, RI.
Cai, W., Hu, S. J., and Yuan, J. X. (1996). “Deformable sheet metal fixturing: Principles, algorithms, and simulations.” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 118(3), 318–324.
Ceglarek, D., and Shi, J. (1998). “Design evaluation of sheet metal joints for dimensional integrity.” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 120(2), 452–460.
Chang, M., and Gossard, D. (1997). “Modelling the assembly of compliant, non-ideal parts.” CAD Comput. Aided Des., 29(10), 701–708.
Chase, K. W., Gao, J., and Magleby, S. P. (1995). “General 2-D tolerance analysis of mechanical assemblies with small kinematic adjustments.” J. Des. Manuf., 5(4), 263–274.
Dahlström, S., and Camelio, J. A. (2003). “Fixture design methodology for sheet metal assembly using computer simulations.” ASME 2003 Int. Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2003), Washington, DC, 321–328.
Hsieh, C. C., and Oh, K. P. (1997). “Simulation and optimization of assembly processes involving flexible parts.” Int. J. Veh. Des., 18(5), 455–465.
Hu, M., Lin, Z. Q., and Chen, G. L. (2001). “Simulation and analysis of assembly processes considering compliant, non-ideal parts and tooling variations.” Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 41(15), 2233–2243.
Hu, S. J., and Koren, Y. (1997). “Stream-of-variation theory for automotive body assembly.” CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol., 46(1), 1–6.
Lee, D. J., and Thornton, A. C. (1995). “Key characteristics for agile product development and manufacturing.” Proc., Agility Forum 4th Annual Conf, Agility Forum, Bethlehem, PA.
Li, G., Shi, G., and Bellinger, N. C. (2006). “Residual stress/strain in three-row countersunk riveted lap joints.” 47th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conf., The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1–18.
Liggett, J. V. (1993). Dimensional variation management handbook—A guide for quality, design and manufacturing engineers, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Lin, P. D., and Chen, J. F. (1994). “Analysis of errors in precision for closed loop mechanisms.” J. Mech. Des., 116(1), 197–203.
Liu, S. C., and Hu, S. J. (1995). “An offset finite element model and its applications in predicting sheet metal assembly variation.” Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 35(11), 1545–1557.
Liu, S. C., and Hu, S. J. (1997). “Variation simulation for deformable sheet metal assemblies using finite element methods.” ASME J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., 119(3), 369–374.
Liu, S. C., Hu, S. J., and Woo, T. C. (1996). “Tolerance analysis for sheet metal assemblies.” Trans. ASME J. Mech. Des., 118(1), 62–67.
Mantripragada, R., and Whitney, D. E. (1998). “The datum flow chain: A systematic approach to assembly design and modeling.” Res. Eng. Des., 10(3), 150–165.
Saadat, M. (2011). “Challenges in the assembly of large aerospace components.” Integr. Syst. Des. Technol., 1, 37–46.
Saadat, M., Cretin, L., Sim, R., and Najafi, F. (2009). “Deformation analysis of large aerospace components during assembly.” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 41(1–2), 145–155.
Saadat, M., Sim, R., and Najafi, F. (2007). “Prediction of geometrical variations in Airbus wingbox assembly.” Assembly Autom., 27(4), 324–332.
Sim, R., Saadat, M., and Najafi, F. (2008). “Prediction of variation in wingbox assembly operation by finite element method.” World Automation Congress, Hawaii.
Takezawa, N. (1980). “An improved method for establishing the process wise quality standard.” Reports of statistical application research, Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers, Tokyo, 63–76.
Wang, H., and Ding, X. (2013). “Identifying sources of variation in horizontal stabilizer assembly using finite element analysis and principal component analysis.” Assembly Automation, 33(1), 86–96.
Whitney, D. E., Gilbert, O. L., and Jastrzebski, M. (1994). “Representation of geometric variations using matrix transforms for statistical tolerance analysis in assemblies.” Res. Eng. Des., 6(4), 191–210.
Yu, Y., Ferri, C., Yang, Q., and Wang, X. (2011). “Numerical simulation of natural frequencies in the design of micro air vehicle structures.” Proc., 17th Int. Conf. on Automation & Computing, IEEE, Huddersfield, U.K., 167–171.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 18, 2012
Accepted: Nov 27, 2012
Published online: Nov 29, 2012
Published in print: Jul 1, 2014
Discussion open until: Sep 25, 2014
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.