Panelized Residential Roof System. II: Hygrothermal Performance and Architectural Details
Publication: Journal of Architectural Engineering
Volume 23, Issue 4
Abstract
The design of insulated metal roof panels that meet both the structural and hygrothermal performance requirements for a conditioned attic/roof system is presented. The two panel designs, referred to as the truss core and the stiffened plate, are fabricated from steel-web plates laser welded to steel face sheets and a separate, polyurethane foam insulating layer. The truss core includes an exterior (roof side) and interior (attic side) face sheet, whereas the stiffened plate includes only an interior face sheet. This presentation extends the work presented in a previous paper, which focused on design of the structural component of the panels, to the design of complete panel assemblies that include foam insulation and finish layers. Design for hygrothermal performance of the panels and architectural details for panel-to-panel, ridge, soffit, and gable end-wall joints are provided. Both panels offer options for conventional roof finishes as well as a metal finish. Use of the stiffened-plate panel is restricted to sites with lower wind and snow loads and is preferred for dry climates. The truss-core panel, which is lighter and capable of longer spans, is suitable for a wide range of climates and architectural styles.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
Financial support of this study was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Award DE-FC26-04NT42114 and the University of Minnesota Initiative for Renewable Energy and the Environment and College of Science and Engineering. The opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the DOE. The authors acknowledge the invaluable assistance of David H. MacDonald of Mattson MacDonald Young (Minneapolis, Minneapolis) on the evaluation of panel-to-panel connections; Mike Krupa, BASF on the identification of foam properties; and Larry Wrass of Pulte Home Sciences, who suggested that the team develop a panelized roof system.
References
AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute). (2012). “North American specification for the design of cold-formed steel structural members.” AISI S100-12, 2012 Ed., Washington, DC.
ANSYS [Computer software]. ANSYS, Canonsburg, PA.
ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers). (2005). Thermal and moisture control in insulated assemblies-fundamentals, Chapter 23, Atlanta.
Davidson, J. H. (2008). “Advanced energy efficient roof system.” Final report for DE-FC26-04NT42114 to U.S. Dept. of Energy, 〈www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/947089-XhPfAF/〉 (Jul. 30, 2016).
Desjarlais, A., and LaFrance, M. (2013). “Roof and attic design guidelines for new and retrofit construction of homes in hot and cold climates.” Proc., Thermal Performance of the Exterior Envelopes of Whole Buildings XII, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 20131201–20131205.
Desjarlais, A. O., Petrie, T. W., and Stovall, T. K. (2004). “Comparison of cathedralized attics to conventional attics: Where and when do cathedralized attics save energy and operating costs?” Performance of Exterior Envelopes of Whole Buildings IX Int. Conf., ASHRAE, Atlanta.
DOE (Dept. of Energy). (2011). Buildings energy data book, 〈http://buildingsdatabook.eren.doe.gov/〉 (Jul. 30, 2016).
DOE (Dept. of Energy). (2014). Windows and building envelope research and development: Roadmap for emerging technologies, K. Sawyer, ed. 〈http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/02/f8/BTO_windows_and_envelope_report_3.pdf〉 (Jul. 30, 2016).
Golaz, B., Michaud, V., and Månson, J.-A. E. (2011). “Adhesion of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer to galvanized steel.” Int. J. Adhes. Adhes., 31(8), 805–815.
Hendron, R., Farrar-Nagy, S., Anderson, R., Reeves, P., and Hancock, E. (2004). “Thermal performance of unvented attics in hot-dry climates: Results from building America.” J. Sol. Energy Eng., 126(2), 732–737.
ICC (International Code Council). (2012). 2012 International residential code for one- and two-family dwellings, Country Club Hills, IL.
ICC (International Code Council). (2015). 2015 International energy conservation code, Country Club Hills, IL.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization). (1992a). “Corrosion of metals and alloys—Corrosivity of atmospheres classification.” ISO 9223, Geneva, Switzerland.
ISO (International Organization for Standardization). (1992b). “Corrosion of metals and alloys—Corrosivity of atmospheres guiding values for the corrosivity categories.” ISO 9224, Geneva, Switzerland.
Künzel, H. M., Holm, A., Zirkelbach, D., and Karagiozis, A. N. (2005). “Simulation of indoor temperature and humidity conditions including hygrothermal interactions with the building envelope.” Sol. Energy, 78(4), 554–561.
Lstiburek, J. W. (2013). “Duct dynasty.” ASHRAE J., 55(12), 52–57.
Mantell, S., et al. (2008). “Manufactured panelized roof system for residential buildings.” Paper presented at the 2008 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings, American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, Washington, DC.
Mantell, S. C., Di Muoio, G. L., Davidson, J. H., Shield, C. K., Siljenburg, B. J., and Okazaki, T. (2017). “Panelized residential roof system. I: Structural design.” J. Archit. Eng., 04017020.
Modera, M. P. (1993). “Characterizing the performance of residential air distribution systems.” Energy Build., 20(1), 65–75.
NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). (2016). “Degree day statistics.” 〈http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/cdus/degree_days/〉 (Jul. 21, 2017).
Parker, D., Fairey, P., and Gu, L. (1993). “Simulation of the effects of duct leakage and heat transfer on residential space-cooling energy use.” Energy Build., 20(2), 97–113.
Rudd, A. (2005). “Field performance of unvented cathedralized (UC) attics in the USA.” J. Build. Phys., 29(2), 145–169.
WUFI 2D-3.0 [Computer software]. Institute of Building Physics, Oberlaindern, Germany.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Architectural Engineering
Volume 23 • Issue 4 • December 2017
Copyright
© 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 20, 2016
Accepted: Mar 28, 2017
Published online: Aug 11, 2017
Published in print: Dec 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Jan 11, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.