Centrifuge Testing of Fiber-Reinforced Soil Liners for Waste Containment Systems
Publication: Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management
Volume 13, Issue 1
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to study the deformation behavior of moist-compacted soil liners with and without inclusion of discrete and randomly distributed fibers for waste containment systems at the onset of nonuniform settlements in a geotechnical centrifuge. First, scaling considerations pertaining to simulation of discretely mixed fibers in a centrifuge are presented. A series of centrifuge tests were carried out by varying aspect ratio and dosage of fibers in a soil liner of thick and compacted at its standard Proctor compaction. Controlled in-flight simulation of nonuniform settlements in a centrifuge was carried out using a trap-door arrangement at . It was observed that the aspect ratio and fiber content has a significant affect in restraining cracks for a randomly reinforced soil liner at the onset of nonuniform settlements. In addition to centrifuge test results, flexural behavior of soil beams with and without discrete and randomly distributed fibers was evaluated in the laboratory to bring out significance of fiber content and aspect ratio. The analysis and interpretation of test results indicate the significant potential for fiber reinforcement to decrease and to retard soil crack potential in a randomly reinforced soil liner while retaining its hydraulic performance.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers would like to acknowledge the support extended by the staff at the National Geotechnical Centrifuge Facility of the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay for their assistance throughout the centrifuge study. Thanks are also due to M/s TechFab (India), Mumbai for supplying polypropylene tape fibers. The writers thank the anonymous reviewers for their critical review and constructive comments which have to helped to improve the paper.
References
Al Wahab, R. M., and El-Kedrah, M. A. (1995). “Using fibers to reduce tension cracks and shrink/swell in a compacted clay.” Proc. Geoenvironment 2000, Geotechnical Special Publication No. 46, ASCE, New York, 791–805.
ASTM. (2006). “Flexural strength of soil-cement using simple beam with third-point loading.” D 1635, West Conshohocken, Pa.
Benson, C. H., Daniel, D. E., and Boutwell, G. P. (1999). “Field performance of compacted clay liners.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 125(5), 390–403.
Daniel, D. E. (1983). “Shallow land burial of low-level radioactive waste.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 109(1), 40–55.
Druschel, S. J., and Wardwell, R. E. (1991). “Impact of long term landfill deformation.” Proc., Geotechnical Engineering Congress, Geotechnical Special Publication No. 27, ASCE, New York, 1268–1279.
Edelmann, L., Hertweck, M., and Amann, P. (1999). “Mechanical behavior of landfill barrier systems.” Proc., Inst. Civ. Eng., Geotechnical Engineering, 137(4), 215–223.
Jessberger, H. L., and Stone, K. J. L. (1991). “Subsidence effect on clay barriers.” Geotechnique, 41(2), 185–194.
Lee, K. L., and Shen, C. K. (1968). “Horizontal movement related to subsidence.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 94(1), 139–166.
Li, G. X., Jie, Y. X., and Jie, G. Z. (2001). “Study on the critical height of fiber-reinforced slope by centrifuge test.” Proc., Landmarks in Earth Reinforcement, Vol. I, H. Ochiai, J. Otani, N. Yasufuku, and K. Omine, eds., Swets and Zeitlinger, The Netherlands, 239–241.
Ling, H. I., Leschinsky, D., Mohri, Y., and Kawabata, T. (1998). “Estimation of municipal solid waste landfill settlement.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 124(1), 21–28.
LWA Instructions. (1993) “Mineralische Deponiabdichtunge.” Landesamt für Wasser und Abfall (LWA), North-Rhine Westfalia Abfallwirtshaft (NRW), Richtlinie No. 18,. Düssseldorf: Schriftenreihe des Landesumweltesamtes NRW (in German).
Maher, M. H., and Ho, Y. C. (1994). “Mechanical properties of kaolinite/fiber soil composite.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 120(8), 1381–1393.
Meiβner, H., and Ringelb, D. (1987). “Oberflächenabdichtung beansprucht durch Setzungsunterschiede bei der Deponie Weilbach Symposium.” Deponiebauwerke, Frankfurt, Germany (in German), 294–320.
Miller, C. J., Hong, M., and Yesiller, N. (1998). “Experimental analysis of desiccation crack propagation in clay liners.” J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc., 34(3), 677–684.
Miller, C. J., and Rifai, S. (2004). “Fiber reinforcement for waste containment soil liners.” J. Environ. Eng., 130(8), 891–895.
Mitchell, J. K. (1993). Fundamentals of soil behaviour, Wiley, New York.
Morris, P. H., Graham, J., and Willams, D. J. (1992). “Cracking in drying soils.” Can. Geotech. J., 29, 263–267.
Mundell, J. A. (1985). “Discussion: Predicting hydraulic conductivity of clay liners.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 111(12), 1459–1464.
Nataraj, M. S., and McManis, K. L. (1997). “Strength and deformation properties of soil reinforced with fibrillated fibers.” Geosynthet. Int., 4(1), 65–79.
Rodatz, W., and Oltmanns, W. (1997). “Permeability and stress-strain behaviour of fiber-reinforced soils for landfill liner systems.” Advanced landfill liner systems, H. August, U. Holzlohner, and T. Meggyes, eds., Thomas Telford, London, 321–332.
Scherbeck, R., and Jessberger, H. L. (1993). “Assessment of deformed mineral sealing layers.” Waste disposal by landfill: Proc., Symp. Green ’93, Geotechnics of Related to the Environment, R. W. Sarsby, ed., Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 477–486.
Schofield, A. (1980). “Cambridge geotechnical centrifuge operations.” Geotechnique, 30(3), 227–268.
Sengupta, S. S. (2005). “Modeling deformation behavior of compacted soil liners in a geotechnical centrifuge.” MS thesis, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India.
Sridhar, Y. V. (2004). “Effect of randomly distributed fibers on the integrity of clay liners of landfills.” BS Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India.
Taylor, G. D. (1983). Materials of construction, 2nd Ed., Construction Press, London, 292–300.
Viswanadham, B. V. S., and Jessberger, H. L. (2005). “Centrifuge modeling of geosynthetic reinforced clay liners of landfills.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 131(5), 564–574.
Viswanadham, B. V. S., and Mahesh, K. V. (2002). “Modeling deformation of clay liners in a small centrifuge.” Cognition, 39, 1406–1418.
Ziegler, S., Leshchinsky, D., Ling, H. I., and Perry, E. B. (1998). “Effect of short polymeric fibers on crack development in clays.” Soils Found., 38(1), 247–253.
Zornberg, J. G. (2005). “Geosynthetic reinforcement in landfill design: US perspectives.” Proc., Geo-Frontiers 2005, Geotechnical Special Publication No. 141 (CD-ROM), J. J. Zornberg, M. Gabr, and J. J. Bowders, eds., ASCE, Reston, Va.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management
Volume 13 • Issue 1 • January 2009
Pages: 45 - 58
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Feb 27, 2008
Accepted: Feb 27, 2008
Published online: Jan 1, 2009
Published in print: Jan 2009
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.