Particle Size Variations during Production of Wastewater Sludge-Based Bacillus Thuringiensis Biopesticides
Publication: Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management
Volume 12, Issue 1
Abstract
Particle size distribution studies were performed on raw, hydrolyzed, sterilized, and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) fermented wastewater sludge at different solids concentration . Correlations of particle size (PRS) were drawn with different parameters like sludge volume index (SVI), sedimentation velocity, viable spores, and entomotoxicity. The volume distribution of particle size showed a greater number of particles for hydrolyzed fermented wastewater sludge in the region in comparison to nonhydrolyzed Bt fermented sludge where the PRS was restrained to a region at a cumulative volume percent of 30 and 20%, respectively, irrespective of solids concentration. Similar trends were observed for surface distribution profiles. The entomotoxicity decreased and SVI increased with an increase in particle size. The sedimentation velocity was computed based on Stoke’s law and was lower for hydrolyzed sludge. The lower SVI and particle size of hydrolyzed fermented sludge are the required characteristics suitable for biopesticidal formulations serving as an excellent Bt fermented medium for the purpose. Thus, PRS can act as an important tool in screening sludges as raw materials for Bt based biopesticide fermentation, centrifugation, formulation, and field application.
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Acknowledgments
The writers are sincerely grateful to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant Nos. NRCA4984, NRCSTP235071, Canada Research Chair) for financial support. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of writers. They are also grateful to Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada,NRC Canadian Forestry Service and Société de Protection des Forêts Contre les Insectes et Maladies (SOPFIM) for providing a scholarship to Satinder K. Brar. The views or opinions expressed in this paper are those of the writers and should not be construed as opinions of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
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Published In
Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste Management
Volume 12 • Issue 1 • January 2008
Pages: 30 - 39
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Jul 2, 2007
Accepted: Jul 3, 2007
Published online: Jan 1, 2008
Published in print: Jan 2008
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