Soil Vibrations Caused by Underground Moving Trains
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 134, Issue 11
Abstract
The wave propagation problems caused by the underground moving trains are analyzed by the 2.5-dimensional finite/infinite-element approach. The near field of the half-space, including the tunnel and parts of the soil, is simulated by finite elements, and the far field extending to infinity by infinite elements. The train is simulated as a sequence of wheel loads moving at constant speeds. Using the present approach, a two-dimensional profile with three degrees per node is used to simulate the three-dimensional behavior of the half-space, which is valid for the case when the material and geometry of the system are invariant along the tunnel direction. The factors considered in the analysis of ground-borne vibrations include the damping ratio and stratum depth of the supporting soils, the depth and thickness of the tunnel, and the moving speed and excitation frequency of the trains. It was found that moving train loads with nonzero excitation frequencies can induce significantly higher vibrations than the static moving loads. The effect of stratum depth depends highly on the excitation frequency. For a tunnel constructed in a stiffer soil, the ground surface vibrations can be greatly reduced. Other conclusions useful to practical engineers are contained in the parametric study.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The research reported herein was sponsored in part by the National Science Council of the R.O.C. through Grant No. UNSPECIFIEDNSC 92-2211-E-002-084.
References
Andersen, L., and Jones, C. J. C. (2006). “Coupled boundary and finite element analysis of vibration from railway tunnels—A comparison of two- and three-dimensional models.” J. Sound Vib., 293(3–5), 611–625.
Balendra, T., Koh, C. G., and Ho, Y. C. (1991). “Dynamic response of buildings due to trains in underground tunnels.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 20(3), 275–291.
Chatterjee, P., Degrande, G., Jacobs, S., Charlier, J., Bouvet, P., and Brassenx, D. (2003). “Experimental results of free field and structural vibrations due to underground railway traffic.” 10th Int. Cong. on Sound and Vibr., Stockholm, Sweden.
Chow, Y. K., and Smith, I. M. (1981). “Static and periodic infinite solid elements.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 17(4), 503–526.
Clouteau, D., Arnst, M., Al-Hussaini, T. M., and Degrande, G. (2005). “Freefield vibrations due to dynamic loading on a tunnel embedded in a stratified medium.” J. Sound Vib., 283(1–2), 173–199.
Degrande, G., et al. (2006a). “Vibration due to a test train at variable speeds in a deep bored tunnel embedded in London clay,” J. Sound Vib., 293(3–5), 626–644.
Degrande, G., et al. (2006b). “A numerical model for ground-borne vibrations from underground railway traffic based on a periodic finite element—Boundary element formulation.” J. Sound Vib., 293(3–5), 645–666.
Esveld, C. (1989). Modern railway track, MRT-Productions, Duisburg, West Germany.
Forrest, J. A., and Hunt, H. E. M. (2006a). “Ground vibration generated by trains in underground tunnels.” J. Sound Vib., 294(4–5), 706–736.
Forrest, J. A., and Hunt, H. E. M. (2006b). “A three-dimensional tunnel model for calculation of train-induced ground vibration.” J. Sound Vib., 294(4–5), 678–705.
Frýba, L. (1972). Vibration of solids and structures under moving loads, Noordhoff International, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Gardien, W., and Stuit, H. G. (2003) “Modelling of soil vibrations from railway tunnels.” J. Sound Vib., 267(3), 605–619.
Gupta, S., Hussein, M. F. M., Degrande, G., Hunt, H. E. M., and Clouteau, D. (2007). “A comparison of two numerical models for the prediction of vibrations from underground railway traffic.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 27(7), 608–624.
Hanazato, T., Ugai, K., Mori, M., and Sakaguchi, R. (1991). “Three-dimensional analysis of traffic-induced ground vibrations.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 117(8), 1133–1151.
Hung, H. H. (2000). “Ground Vibration Induced by High-Speed Trains and Vibration Isolation Countermeasures.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan Univ., Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Hung, H. H., and Yang, Y. B. (2001). “Elastic waves in visco-elastic half-space generated by various vehicle loads.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 21(1), 1–17.
Kurzweil, L. G. (1979). “Ground-borne noise and vibration from underground rail systems.” J. Sound Vib., 66(3), 363–370.
Melke, J. (1988). “Noise and vibration from underground railway lines: proposals for a prediction procedure.” J. Sound Vib., 120(2), 391–406.
Metrikine, A. V., and Vrouwenvelder, A. C. W. M. (2000). “Surface ground vibration due to moving train in a tunnel: Two-dimensional model.” J. Sound Vib., 234(1), 43–66.
Park, K. L., Watanabe, E., and Utsunomiya, T. (2004). “Development of 3D elastodynamic infinite elements for soil-structure interaction problem.” Int. J. Struct. Stab. Dyn., 4(3), 423–441.
Rajapakse, R. K. N. D., and Karasudhi, P. (1985). “Elastostatic infinite elements for layered half space.” J. Eng. Mech., 111(9), 1144–1158.
Sheng, X., Jones, C. J. C., and Thompson, D. J. (2005). “Modelling ground vibration from tunnels using wavenumber finite and boundary element methods.” Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 461(2059), 2043–2070.
Shyu, R. J., Wang, W. H., Cheng, C. Y., and Hwang, D. (2002). “The characteristics of structural and ground vibration caused by the TRTS trains.” Metro’s Impact on Urban Living, Proc., in 2002 World Metro Symp., Taipei Government, Taipei, Taiwan, 610.
Trochides, A. (1991). “Ground-borne vibrations in buildings near subways.” Appl. Acoustics, 32, 289–296.
Vadillo, E. G., Herreros, J., and Walker, J. G. (1996). “Subjective reaction to structurally radiated sound from underground railways: Field studies.” J. Sound Vib., 193(1), 65–74.
Wolf, J. P. (1985). Dynamic soil-structure interaction, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
Yang, Y. B., and Hung, H. H. (2001). “A 2.5D finite/infinite element approach for modeling visco-elastic bodies subjected to moving loads.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 51(11), 1317–1336.
Yang, Y. B., Hung, H. H., and Chang, D. W. (2003). “Train-induced wave propagation in layered soils using finite/infinite element simulation,” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng., 23(4), 263–278.
Yang, Y. B., Kuo, S. R., and Hung, H. H. (1996). “Frequency-independent infinite element for analyzing semi-infinite problems.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 39(20), 3553–3569.
Yun, C. B., Kim, D. K., and Kim, J. M. (2000). “Analytical frequency-dependent infinite elements for soil-structure interaction analysis in two-dimensional medium.” Eng. Struct., 22(3), 258–271.
Zhao, C., and Valliappan, S. (1993). “A dynamic infinite element for three-dimensional infinite-domain wave problems.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 36(15), 2567–2580.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 134 • Issue 11 • November 2008
Pages: 1633 - 1644
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: May 11, 2007
Accepted: Mar 11, 2008
Published online: Nov 1, 2008
Published in print: Nov 2008
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.