Characterization of Fines Produced by Sand Crushing
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 133, Issue 12
Abstract
Sand particle crushing generates coarse fragments with size and fine fragments, i.e., “fines,” with size . Yet, postcrushing fines are seldom characterized due to testing constraints. An experimental study was conducted to examine the size distribution evolution of fine fragments generated by crushing two uniform sands with contrasting degrees of mineral composition heterogeneity, in one-dimensional compression. The determination of fine fragment sizes was made possible by using a particle size analyzer that employs a small sample. The results indicate that the degree of mineral composition heterogeneity affects the load–deformation behavior of crushing sands and the resulting amounts and size distribution evolutions of the produced coarse and fine fragments. In particular, the trends gathered suggest that fines generation occurs by abrasion of parent particles, coarse fragment breakage, and subsequent breakage of fine fragments with sizes larger than the comminution limit.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research project was sponsored in part by the U.S. Department of Energy. The writers acknowledge the helpful suggestions and comments offered by Khaled Morsi and Ken Walsh.DOE
References
Chester, J. S., Lenz, S. C., Chester, F. M., and Lang, R. A. (2004). “Mechanisms of compaction of quartz sand at diagenetic conditions.” Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 220, 435–451.
Cho, H., Waters, M. A., and Hogg, R. (1996). “Investigation of the grind limit in stirred-media milling.” Int. J. Min. Process., 44(5), 607–615.
Chuhan, F. A., Kjeldstad, A., Bjorlykke, K., and Hoeg, K. (2003). “Experimental compression of loose sands: Relevance to porosity reduction during burial in sedimentary basins.” Can. Geotech. J., 40(5), 995–1011.
Hardin, B. O. (1985). “Crushing of soil particles.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 111(10), 1177–1192.
Kendall, K. (1978). “The impossibility of comminuting small particles by compression.” Nature (London), 272(5655), 710–711.
Koprulu, E. (2007). “Fine fragment characterization and internal stability of crushed sands.” MS thesis, San Diego State Univ., San Diego.
Lee, K. L., and Farhoomand, I. (1967). “Compressibility and crushing of granular soils in anisotropic triaxial compression.” Can. Geotech. J., 4(1), 68–86.
Lobo-Guerrero, S., Vallejo, L. E., and Vesga, L. F. (2006). “Visualization of crushing evolution in granular materials under compression using DEM.” Int. J. Geomech., 6(3), 195–200.
McDowell, G. R., and Bolton, M. D. (1998). “On the micromechanics of crushable aggregates.” Geotechnique, 48(5), 667–679.
McDowell, G. R., Bolton, M. D., and Robertson, D. (1996). “The fractal crushing of granular materials.” Int. J. Mech. & Phys. Sol., 44(12), 2079–2102.
McDowell-Boyer, L. M., Hunt, J. R., and Sitar, N. (1986). “Particle transport through porous media.” Water Res., 22(13), 1901–1921.
Mende, S., Stenger, F., Peukert, W., and Schwedes, J. (2003). “Mechanical production and stabilization of submicron particles in stirred media mills.” Powder Technol., 132(1), 64–73.
Nakata, Y., Hyodo, M., Murata, H., Hyde, A. F. L., and Ham, T. G. (2003). “Effect of water on particle breakage for decomposed granite soils.” Deformation characteristics of geomaterials, H. Di Benedetto, T. Doanh, H. Geoffroy, and C. Sauzeat, eds., Taylor & Francis, London, 701–705.
Peukert, W. (2004). “Material properties in fine grinding.” Int. J. Min. Process., 74(S1), S3–S17.
Turcotte, D. L. (1986).“ Fractals and fragmentation.” J. Geophys. Res., [Solid Earth Planets], 91(B2), 1921–1926.
Valdes, J. R., and Caban, B. (2006). “Monitoring the hydraulic conductivity of crushing sands.” Geotech. Test. J., 29(4), 322-329.
Vesic, A. S., and Clough, G. W. (1968). “Behavior of granular materials under high stresses.” J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., 94(3), 661–688.
Wang, Y., and Forssberg, E. (2006). “Production of carbonate and silica nano-particles in stirred bead milling.” Int. J. Min. Process., 81(1), 1–14.
Yamamuro, J. A., Bopp, P. A., and Lade, P. V. (1996). “One-dimensional compression of sands at high pressures.” J. Geotech. Engrg., 122(2), 147–154.
Youd, T. L. (1973). “Factors controlling maximum and minimum densities of sands.” ASTM Special Technical Publication No. 523, Philadelphia, 98–112.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2007 ASCE.
History
Received: Jul 17, 2006
Accepted: Mar 3, 2007
Published online: Dec 1, 2007
Published in print: Dec 2007
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.