Development of Residual Forces in Long Driven Piles in Weathered Soils
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VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 133, Issue 10
Abstract
A large-scale field-monitoring program for studying residual forces in long-driven piles is described. Eleven steel H-piles, in embedded length, were instrumented with vibrating-wire strain gauges, installed and subjected to static loading tests in a building site in Hong Kong. The residual forces in these piles during and after pile installation were recorded. The development of residual forces as it relates to the pile penetration depth during construction, and in time after the piles were installed, is presented. The measured load transfers in the piles from static loading tests are reported and the effect of the residual forces on the interpretation of load-transfer behavior is studied. The field measurements show that residual forces increase approximately exponentially with penetration depth. The residual forces continue to increase with time after pile driving due to secondary compression of disturbed soils around the pile shaft and other factors. The large residual forces in the long piles significantly affect the interpretation of the pile load distributions. The effect of residual forces on the shaft resistance is significant at shallow depths. Bearing-capacity theory tends to overpredict the true toe resistance of the long piles founded in weathered soils.
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Acknowledgments
The work described in this paper was substantially supported by the Hong Kong Housing Authority Research Fund (Project No. HARF02/03.EG05). The test piles were constructed and load tested by Gammon Construction Limited and China State Construction Engineering (Hong Kong) Limited. Dr. H. W. Pang and Messrs. K. H. Tang, C. F. Pang, C. O. Chan, M. W. T. Tsoi, C. F. Tang, and T. Y. Mak of the Hong Kong Housing Authority coordinated the field study and provided technical assistance. Permission to publish the test data was obtained from the Hong Kong Housing Authority.
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© 2007 ASCE.
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Received: Apr 8, 2005
Accepted: Apr 25, 2007
Published online: Oct 1, 2007
Published in print: Oct 2007
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