BTEX Extraction from Clay Soil Using Prefabricated Vertical Drains
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 125, Issue 7
Abstract
A pilot scale field test was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of using prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) for in-situ point extraction of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) under vacuum. Results indicated the achievement of an average flow rate of 16.7 mL/s for the five PVD systems. Grab samples from the effluent indicated an increase in retrieved BTEX concentration with time. Maximum retrieved concentrations in a 2-day period were ∼0.4 mg/L for benzene, 0.27 mg/L for toluene, 0.19 mg/L for ethylbenzene, and 0.025 mg/L for xylene. Based on the limited results of the pilot scale test, a full-scale remediation of the site using the PVDs system is deemed feasible.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Bowders, J. J., and Gabr, M. A. (1995). “Strip-drains for in situ clean up of contaminated fine-grained soils.” Geotech. News, Vancouver, 13(3), 21–25.
2.
Cognon, J. M., Juran, I., and Thevanayagam, S. (1994). “Vacuum consolidation technology-principles and field experience.” Spec. Publication Proc., Conf. on Vertical and Horizontal Deformations of Found. and Embankments, ASCE, 2(4), 1237–1248.
3.
Gabr, M. A., Bowders, J. J., and Wokasien, S. ( 1995). “Prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) for enhanced soil flushing.” Geoenvironment 2000, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication No. 46(2), 1250–1264.
4.
Gabr, M. A., Bowders, J. J., Wang, J., and Quaranta, J. (1996a). “In situ soil flushing using prefabricated vertical drains.” Can Geotech. J., Ottawa, 33(1), 97–105.
5.
Gabr, M. A., Wang, J., and Bowders, J. J. (1996b). “A model for efficiency of soil flushing using PVD-enhanced system.”J. Geotech. Engrg., 122(11), 914–920.
6.
Kjellman, W. (1948). “Accelerating consolidation of fine-grained soils by means of card-board wicks.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg., Vol. 2, Balkema, 302–305.
7.
Quaranta J., Gabr, M. A., Szabo, D., and Bowders, J. J. (1997). “Characteristics and performance of prefabricated vertical drains for enhanced soil flushing.” Transp. Res. Rec. No. 1596, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 93–100.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
History
Published online: Jul 1, 1999
Published in print: Jul 1999
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.