Effects of Vibration History on Modulus and Damping of Dry Sand
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 124, Issue 11
Abstract
This paper describes an experimental program aimed at a close examination of the dynamic properties (shear modulus and damping ratio) of a normally consolidated dry sand as affected by the previous vibration. Tests were performed using a newly developed energy-injecting virtual-mass resonant column system. The new system allows the strain as well as the strain rate be kept constant concurrently throughout a test (hours of continuous vibration), irrespective of changes in soil properties. During the tests, modulus and damping values were monitored continuously without interrupting vibration. The test variables include strain amplitude, number of previbration cycles, confining pressure, and relative density. The results confirm that the damping ratio of dry sand is evidently dependent on the number of loading cycles when the shear strain exceeds a threshold, while the variations of shear modulus as number of loading cycles increases are relatively moderate. The test results also show that there exists an unequivocal signature of vibration history in the measured sand properties. This new finding may lead to certain applications.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Anderson, D. G., and Richart, F. E.(1976). “Effects of straining on shear modulus of clays.”J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 102(9), 975–987.
2.
Anderson, D. G., and Stokoe, K. H., II (1978). “Shear modulus: A time-dependent soil property.”Dynamic geotechnical testing, STP654, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa., 66–90.
3.
Anderson, D. G., and Woods, R. D. (1975). “Comparison of field and laboratory shear modulus.”Proc., ASCE Conf. on In-Situ Measurement of Soil Properties, ASCE, New York, 69–92.
4.
“Drnevich Resonant Column Apparatus.” (1995). Operating manual, Soil Dynamics Instruments, Inc., West Lafayette, Ind.
5.
Drnevich, V. P., Hall, J. R., Jr., and Richart, F. E., Jr. (1967). “Effects of amplitudes of vibration on shear modulus of sand.”Proc., Int. Symp. on Wave Propagation and Dyn. Properties of Earth Mat., Albuquerque, N.M.
6.
Drnevich, V. P., and Richart, F. E.(1970). “Dynamic prestraining of dry sand.”J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 96(2), 453–468.
7.
Hardin, B. O.(1965). “The nature of damping in sand.”J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 91(1), 63–97.
8.
Hardin, B. O., and Drnevich, V. P.(1972). “Shear modulus and damping in soils: Measurement and parameter effects.”J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 98(6), 603–624.
9.
Ishibashi, I.(1992). “Discussion on `Effect of soil plasticity on cyclic response' by M. Vucetic and R. Dobry.”J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 118(5), 830–832.
10.
Ishibashi, I., and Zhang, X.(1993). “Unified dynamic shear moduli and damping ratios of sand and clay.”Soils and Found., Tokyo, Japan, 33(1), 182–191.
11.
Kim, D. S. (1991). “Deformational characteristics of soils at small to intermediate strains from cyclic tests,” PhD dissertation, Univ. of Texas, Austin, Tex.
12.
Kokusho, T., Yoshida, V., and Esashi, Y.(1982). “Dynamic properties of soft clay for wide strain range.”Soils and Found., Tokyo, Japan, 22(4), 1–18.
13.
Li, X. S. (1982). “Laboratory determination of shear modulus and damping of soils using a microcomputer based instrumentation system,” MS thesis, Univ. of California, Davis, Calif.
14.
Li, X. S., Chan, C. K., and Shen, C. K. (1988). “An automated triaxial testing system.”Advanced triaxial testing of soil and rock, STP 977, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa., 95–106.
15.
Li, X. S., Roblee, C. J., and Wang, G. (1993). “Development of a prototype tool for in situ determination of high-strain dynamic properties of soft to medium-stiff clays.”Rep. No. FHWA/CA/TL-94/95, California Dept. of Transp., Sacramento, Calif., 177.
16.
Li, X. S., Yang, W. L., Shen, C. K., and Wang, W. C.(1998). “Energy-injecting virtual-mass resonant column system.”J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 124(5), 428–438.
17.
Marcuson, W. F., III, and Wahls, H. E. (1978). “Effects of time on damping ratio of clays.”Dynamic geotechnical testing, STP654, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa., 126–147.
18.
Morris, D. V.(1990). “Automatic feedback system for resonant column testing.”Geotech. Testing J., ASTM, 13(1), 16–23.
19.
Ray, R. P., and Woods, R. D.(1988). “Modulus and damping due to uniform and variable cyclic loading.”J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 114(8), 861–875.
20.
Richart, F. E., Jr., Hall, J. R., and Woods, R. D. (1970). Vibrations of soils and foundations. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
21.
“Standard test methods for modulus and damping of soils by the resonant column method.” (1992). D 4015-92, ASTM, Conskokocken, Pa.
22.
Taylor, P., and Hughes, J. (1965). “Dynamic properties of foundation subsoils as determined from laboratory tests.”Proc., 3rd World Conf. on Earthquake Engrg., Vancouver, BC Canada, Vol. 1, 196–212.
23.
Vucetic, M.(1994). “Cyclic threshold shear strains in soils.”J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 120(12), 2208–2228.
24.
Vucetic, M., and Dobry, R.(1991). “Effect of soil plasticity on cyclic response.”J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 117(1), 89–107.
25.
Wilson, S. D., and Dietrich, R. J. (1960). “Effect of consolidation pressure on elastic and strength properties of clay.”Proc., Res. Conf. on Shear Strength of Cohesive Soils, ASCE, New York, 419–435.
26.
Woods, R. D. (1978). “Measurement of dynamic soil properties.”Proc., ASCE Geotech. Engrg. Div. Spec. Conf., Earthquake Engrg. and Soil Dyn., Vol. 1, ASCE, New York, 91–178.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 124 • Issue 11 • November 1998
Pages: 1071 - 1081
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Nov 1, 1998
Published in print: Nov 1998
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.