Beam-Column Method for Tieback Walls
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 124, Issue 1
Abstract
The beam-column method for the design of tieback walls is of intermediate complexity between the pressure diagram methods and the finite-element method (FEM). A set of recommended P-y, F-w, and Q-w curves are presented for the soil model and the P-y path method is described to simulate properly the construction sequence of excavation and tieback stressing. The recommended beam-column method is evaluated by comparing predictions with the measured behavior of four full-scale tieback walls in sand and in clay. The most influencing factors are identified through a parametric analysis and a comparison with four pressure diagram methods is presented. The beam-column method is a deflection-based method that satisfies the vertical, horizontal, and moment equilibrium of the wall. These significant and fundamental advantages over the pressure diagram methods make it a superior method, which should be used anytime the added complexity is warranted. The most severe limitation of the beam-column method is its inability to properly account for mass phenomena, namely, mass movement and downdrag. The most useful aspect of the beam-column method is its ability to give better bending moment profiles than the pressure diagram methods.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
American petroleum institute recommended practice 2a for planning, designing, and constructing fixed offshore platforms. (1984). American Petroleum Institute (API), Dallas, Tex.
2.
Briaud, J.-L., Powers, W. F., and Weatherby, D. E. (1998). “Grouted anchors should have short bonded lengths.”J. Geotech. and Geoenvir. Engrg., ASCE, 124(2).
3.
Briaud, J.-L, and Tucker, L. M. (1996). “Design and construction guidelines for downdrag on uncoated and bitumen-coated piles.”NCHRP Res. Rep. 393, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, Tex.
4.
Canadian foundation engineering manual (CFEM). (1985). Canadian Geotechnical Society, BiTech Publishers, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
5.
Cheney, R. S. (1988). “Permanent ground anchors.”Rep. No. FHWA-DP-68-1R, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.
6.
Chung, M., and Briaud, J.-L. (1993). “Behavior of a full scale tieback wall in sand.”Res. Rep. to Schnabel Foundation and the Federal Highway Administration, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, Tex.
7.
Clough, W. G. (1984). User's manual for program SOILSTRUCT. Department of Civil Engineering, Virginia Polytechnical Institute, Blacksburg, Va.
8.
Clough, W. G., and Tsui, Y.(1974). “Performance of tieback walls in clay.”Proc., J. Geotech. Div., ASCE, 12(100), 1259–1273.
9.
Coulomb, C. A.(1776). “Essai sur une Application des Regles des Maximis et Minimis a quelques Problemes de Statique Relatifs a l'Architecture.”Mem. Acad. Roy. des Sciences, Paris, France, 3, 38.
10.
Haliburton, T. A.(1968). “Numerical analysis of flexible retaining structures.”Proc., ASCE, 94(6), 1233–1251.
11.
Hetenyi, M. (1946). Beams on elastic foundations. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, Mich.
12.
Houghton, R. C., and Dietz, D. L. (1990). “Design and performance of a deep excavation supports system in Boston, Massachusetts.”Proc., ASCE Spec. Conf. on Des. and Perf. of Earth Retaining Struct., ASCE, New York, N.Y., 795–816.
13.
Kim, N.-K., and Briaud, J.-L. (1994). “A beam column method for tieback walls.”Res. Rep. to Schnabel Found. and the Fed. Hwy. Admin., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, Tex.
14.
Lambe, T. W., and Wolfskill, A. L.(1970). “Measured performance of braced excavation.”J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 95(6), 817–836.
15.
Lockwood, M. E. (1988). “Retention system monitoring demonstration project no. 68.”Progress Rep. for the Ohio Dept. of Transp., Ohio DOT, Cincinnati, Ohio.
16.
Long, J. H., Cording, E. J., and Mueller, C. G. (1996). “Analysis and behavior of tieback walls.”Rep. to Schnabel Found. Co., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, Ill.
17.
Matlock, H., Bogard, D., and Lam, I. (1981). “BMCOL76: a computer program for the analysis of beam-columns under static axial and lateral loading.” Program developed at the University of Texas at Austin, under grant from Fugro, Inc., and documented at Ertec, Inc., Long Beach, Calif.
18.
Mueller, C. G. (1996). “Behavior of model-scale tieback walls in sand,” PhD dissertation, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill.
19.
Mueller, C. G., Long, J. H., Cording, E. J., and Weatherby, D. E. (1994). “Ground movements from tieback wall construction.”ASCE Conf. on Vertical and Horizontal Deformation for Found. and Embankments, Geotech. Spec. Publ. No. 40, ASCE, New York, N.Y., 1337–1352.
20.
Munger, D. F., Jones, P. T., and Johnson, J. (1990). “Temporary tieback wall, Bonneville Navigation Lock.”Proc., ASCE Spec. Conf. on Des. and Perf. of Earth Retaining Struct., ASCE, New York, N.Y., 778–794.
21.
O'Neill, M. W., and Murchison, J. M. (1983). “An evaluation of P-y relationships in sands.”Res. Rep. No. GT-DF02-83, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Houston, Houston, Tex.
22.
Powers, W. F., and Briaud, J.-L. (1993). “Behavior of 10 full scale ground anchors installed in clay.”Res. Rep. to Schnabel Found. and the Fed. Hwy. Admin., Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, Tex.
23.
Reese, L. C., Cox, W. R., and Koop, F. D. (1975). “Field testing and analysis of laterally loaded piles in stiff clay.”Proc., 7th Annu. Offshore Technol. Conf., Vol. II, OTC, Richardson, Tex., 671–690.
24.
Terzaghi, K., and Peck, R. B. (1967). Soil mechanics in engineering practice, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
25.
Winkler, E. (1867). Die Lehre von Elastizitat und Festigkeit. H. Dominicus, Prague, Czechoslovakia.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Jan 1, 1998
Published in print: Jan 1998
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.