Evaluation of Seismic Damage to Memphis Bridges and Highway Systems
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 5, Issue 4
Abstract
This paper presents a procedure for the evaluation of the expected seismic damage to bridges and highway systems in Memphis and Shelby County, Tenn. Data pertinent to 452 bridges and major arterial routes were collected and implemented as a geographic information system database. The bridges were classified into several bridge types using a bridge classification system modified from the NBIS/Federal Highway Administration coding guidelines. The bridge damage states considered are no/minor damage, repairable damage, and significant damage. The fragility curves corresponding to these damage states were established for various bridge types. Given an earthquake with a moment magnitude of 7.0 occurring at Marked Tree, Ark., the intensity of ground shaking and liquefaction-induced permanent ground deformation in Memphis and Shelby County were estimated, and then the expected damage to bridges and highway systems was determined. The results can be used to prioritize bridges for retrofitting, to prepare a pre-earthquake preparedness plan, to develop a postearthquake emergency response plan, and to assess the regional economic impact from the damage to highway transportation systems.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). ( 1996). Standard specification for highway bridges, 16th Ed., Washington, D.C.
2.
Applied Technology Council (ATC). ( 1996). “Improved seismic design criteria for California bridges: Provisional recommendations.” ATC #32, Redwood City, Calif.
3.
ArcView GIS. (1996). Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc., Redlands, Calif.
4.
Bartlett, S. F., and Youd, T. L. (1995). “Empirical prediction of liquefaction-induced lateral spread.”J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 121(4), 316–329.
5.
Basoz, N., and Kiremidjian, A. ( 1998). “Risk assessment for highway transportation systems.” Proc., 6th U.S. Nat. Conf. on Earthquake Engrg., Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, Calif. (on CD-ROM).
6.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). ( 1995). NEHRP recommended provisions for seismic regulations for new buildings, 1994 Ed., Washington, D.C.
7.
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). ( 1988). “Recording and coding guide for the structure inventory and appraisal of the nation's bridges.” Rep. No. FHWA-ED-89-044, Ofc. of Engrg., Bridge Division, Washington, D.C.
8.
Hwang, H., and Huo, J. R. ( 1997). “Attenuation relations of ground motions for rock and soil sites in eastern United States.” Soil Dyn. and Earthquake Engrg., 16, 363–372.
9.
Hwang, H., Jernigan, J. B., and Lin, Y. W. ( 1998). “Evaluation of seismic damage to bridges and highway systems in Shelby County, Tennessee.” Tech. Rep., Ctr. for Earthquake Res. and Information, University of Memphis, Memphis.
10.
Hwang, H., and Lin, H. ( 1997). “GIS-based evaluation of seismic performance of water delivery systems.” Tech. Rep., Ctr. for Earthquake Res. and Information, University of Memphis, Memphis.
11.
Hwang, H., Lin, H., and Huo, J. R. ( 1997). “Site coefficients for design of buildings in eastern United States.” Soil Dyn. and Earthquake Engrg., 16, 29–40.
12.
Johnston, A. C., and Nava, S. J. ( 1990). “Seismic-hazard assessment in the central United States.” Neotectonics in earthquake evaluation, E. L. Krinitzsky and D. B. Slemmons, eds., Vol. VIII, Geological Society of America, 47–57.
13.
Ng, K. W., Chang, T. S., and Hwang, H. ( 1989). “Subsurface conditions of Memphis and Shelby County.” Tech. Rep. NCEER-89-0021, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y.
14.
Seed, H. B., and Idriss, I. M. (1971). “Simplified procedure for evaluating soil liquefaction potential.”J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 97(9), 1249–1273.
15.
Seismic retrofitting manual for highway bridges. (1995). Publ. No. FHWA-RD-94-052, Ofc. of Engrg. and Hwy. Operations Res. and Devel., Federal Highway Administration, McLean, Va.
16.
Shinozuka, M., Moore, J., Gordon, P., Richardson, H. W., Chang, S., and Cho, S.-B. ( 1998). “An integrated model of highway networks and the spatial metropolitan economy: Towards a general model of how earthquake losses affect the economy.” NCEER Bull., 12(1), 8–15.
17.
TIGER/Line census files, 1990 technical documentation. (1991). Bureau of Census, Washington, D.C.
18.
Werner, S. D., Jernigan, J., Taylor, C. E., and Hwang, H. ( 1995). “Seismic vulnerability assessment of highway systems.” NCEER Bull., 9(4), 1–11.
19.
Youd, T. L. ( 1996). “Preliminary report from NCEER workshop on evaluation of liquefaction resistance of soils.” Proc., 4th Caltrans Seismic Res. Workshop, California Department of Transportation Engineering Service Center, Sacramento, Calif.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 5 • Issue 4 • November 2000
Pages: 322 - 330
History
Received: Jan 20, 1999
Published online: Nov 1, 2000
Published in print: Nov 2000
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.